| 词条 | Pentavalent antimonial |
| 释义 |
Pentavalent antimonials (also abbreviated pentavalent Sb or SbV) are a group of compounds used for the treatment of leishmaniasis. They are also called pentavalent antimony compounds. TypesThe first pentavalent antimonial used was urea stibamine: first introduced in the 1930s, it fell out of favour in the 1950s due to higher toxicity compared to sodium stibogluconate. The compounds currently available for clinical use are:
The pentavalent antimonials can only be given by injection: there are no oral preparations available. AlternativesIn many countries, widespread resistance to antimony has meant that amphotericin or miltefosine are now used in preference.[2]{{cite journal |title= Non-responsiveness to standard treatment in cutaneous leishmaniasis: A case series from Sri Lanka |journal= Tropical Parasitology | volume=6 | issue=2 | pages=156-158 |authors= Wardha Refai, Nayani Madarasingha, Rohini Fernandopulle, Nadira Karunaweera |doi= 10.4103/2229-5070.190835 | year=2016 }} Side effectsCardiotoxicity, reversible renal failure, pancreatitis, anemia, leukopenia, rash, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia, myalgia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminase elevation. References1. ^Lima EB, Porto C, Motta JCO, Sampaio RNR.Treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis. An Bras Dermatol. 2007;82(2):111-24. {{Excavata antiparasitics}}{{antiinfective-drug-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal | title=Treatment options for visceral leishmaniasis: a systematic review of clinical studies done in India, 1980–2004 | journal=Lancet Infect Dis | volume=5 | issue=12 | pages=763–774 |vauthors=Olliaro P, Guerin P, Gerstl S | doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70296-6 | year=2005 | pmid=16310148 }} 2 : Antiprotozoal agents|Antimony compounds |
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