| 词条 | People Before Profit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = People Before Profit | country = Republic of Ireland | country2 = Northern Ireland | native_name = Pobal Roimh Bhrabús[1] | native_name_lang = ga | logo = | leader = {{nowrap|Collective leadership[2]}} | foundation = October 2005 | headquarters = 5 Henrietta Street, Dublin 1, Ireland | ideology = {{plainlist|
| position = {{nowrap|Left-wing[5] to far-left[6]}} | national = Solidarity–People Before Profit | international = | european = European Anti-Capitalist Left | colours = {{nowrap|{{Color box|Maroon|border=darkgray}} {{Color box|Green|border=darkgray}} Maroon and green}} | website = {{URL|pbp.ie}} | colorcode = {{People Before Profit/meta/color}} | seats1_title = Dáil Éireann | seats1 = {{Composition bar|3|158|hex=#660000}} | seats2_title = Northern Ireland Assembly | seats2 = {{Composition bar|1|90|hex=#660000}} | seats3_title = House of Commons (NI Seats) | seats3 = {{Composition bar|0|18|hex={{People Before Profit/meta/color}}}} | seats4_title = Local government in the Republic of Ireland | seats4 = {{Composition bar|11|949|hex=#660000}} | seats5_title = Local Government (NI) | seats5 = {{Composition bar|1|462|hex=#660000}} | seats6_title = European Parliament (Republic of Ireland) | seats6 = {{Composition bar|0|11|hex=#660000}} }} People Before Profit (PBP) is a socialist political party formed in October 2005.[8] It is active in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. History{{Expand section|date=January 2019}}PBP was established in 2005 as the People Before Profit Alliance by members of the Socialist Workers Party (SWP), a Trotskyist organisation affiliated to the International Socialist Tendency (IST).[7][8][9] The Community & Workers Action Group (CWAG) in south Dublin joined the alliance in 2007 and brought along the party's first elected representative, Joan Collins, an anti–bin tax campaigner and former member of the Socialist Party.[10] In February 2018, the SWP renamed itself the Socialist Workers Network (SWN) to reflect "a decision to focus on building People Before Profit, and within that to win and educate as many members as possible in revolutionary socialist politics".[11] Republic of IrelandPBP contested several constituencies in the 2007 general election, polling around 9,000 first preferences, with Richard Boyd Barrett—the candidate in the Dún Laoghaire constituency—missing a seat on the 10th and final count by 7,890 votes to 9,910.[12][13] In May 2008, PBP launched a campaign calling for a No vote on the Lisbon Treaty when it was put to the people.[14] In the Republic's 2009 local elections PBP ran twelve candidates, including ten in County Dublin. It secured five seats in three of Dublin's four councils. As well as ten members of the SWP, Joan Collins and Pat Dunne of the CWAG ran in Dublin,[15] and Donnie Fell (a former Waterford Crystal worker and trade union representative) in Waterford.[16] In the Republic's 2011 general election, both Richard Boyd Barrett and Joan Collins were elected to Dáil Éireann as TDs (deputies), running under a joint People Before Profit and United Left Alliance banner. In April 2013, Joan Collins TD and Cllr Pat Dunne left the group to form United Left, a political party with former Socialist Party TD Clare Daly. In the May 2014 local elections, PBP won 14 seats including two seats outside Dublin on Sligo and Wexford County Councils. Discussions were held in August 2015 with the Anti-Austerity Alliance about forming a new political grouping.[17] On 17 September 2015, the two parties announced they had formally registered as a single political party for electoral purposes.[18] The new organisation was called the Anti-Austerity Alliance–People Before Profit. At the 2016 general election, Boyd Barrett was re-elected.[19] He was joined by fellow PBP candidates Gino Kenny and Bríd Smith.[20][21] In 2016, Councillor Sonya Stapleton, representing Pembroke–South Dock on Dublin City Council, left the party, as did Councillor Ruth Nolan, a member of South Dublin County Council for Lucan, who joined Independents 4 Change.{{cn|date=January 2019}} In January 2019, Dublin City Councillor John Lyons resigned from the party due to disputes with the leadership.[22] Northern IrelandPeople Before Profit unsuccessfully ran one candidate, Sean Mitchell, in the 2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election, polling 774 first preferences in the Belfast West constituency. He successfully gained the right to stand in an election by threatening to take the then Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Peter Hain, to court if the legal loophole preventing him from doing so was enforced. (England, Scotland and Wales had secured the right to contest candidates under the age of 20, providing they were over 18, for constituencies for devolved government, whereas Northern Ireland had been simply excluded).{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}} People Before Profit ran four candidates in the Northern Ireland Assembly election of May 2011, winning 5,438 first-preference votes between them but no seats in the new Assembly. Its most successful candidate in this election was Eamonn McCann, who won 3,120 first-preference votes, or 8% of the total, in Foyle. In the June 2011 Belfast West by-election, Gerry Carroll won 1,751 votes (7.6%), coming in third place and ahead of both unionist candidates. In the 2014 Belfast City Council election, Gerry Carroll became the first PBP councilor elected in Northern Ireland, winning 3rd place in the Black Mountain DEA, with 1,691 1st Preference votes. In May 2016, Carroll topped the poll in the Belfast West constituency at the 2016 Assembly Election with 8,299 votes (22.9%), almost 4,000 first-preference votes clear of his nearest challenger, Sinn Féin MLA Fra McCann (Sinn Féin was running five candidates).[23] This victory secured PBP with their first elected MLA. Eamonn McCann also took a seat in the constituency of Foyle.[24] In 2017, Carroll retained his seat but with a much reduced vote (12.2%),[25] while McCann lost his.[26] In the Northern Ireland Assembly, the party is designated as neither unionist nor Irish nationalist, but 'Other' as both Carroll and McCann instead recorded themselves as socialist.[27] People Before Profit supported but did not campaign for a Leave vote in the 2016 EU referendum.[28] People Before Profit supported leaving the EU in the 2016 EU referendum.[29] This attracted criticism from Sinn Féin and pro-remain activists for supporting Brexit, especially as Northern Ireland voted to remain. This was a factor in the loss of Eamonn McCanns seat in Foyle. [30] Election results and governmentsNorthern IrelandNorthern Ireland Assembly elections
Westminster elections
Republic of IrelandDáil Éireann elections
Local Government elections
European electionsPeople Before Profit have only contested European Elections in the Republic of Ireland.
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/parliament/ga/nameain/preaseisi%C3%BAint%C3%AD/2016/name-39185-ga.html|work=Houses of the Oireachtas|title=An Coiste|date=2016|accessdate=16 April 2018}} 2. ^Eamonn McCann is listed as the party's leader for the purposes of registration to the UK Electoral Commission. Electoral Commission registration 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.de/ireland.html|title=IRELAND: Legislative elections: Dáil Éireann, 5-year term, proportional representation system (STV)|work=Parties and Elections in Europe}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.peoplebeforeprofit.ie/2016/05/lexit-why-we-need-a-left-exit-from-eu/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=23 May 2016|deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521033827/http://www.peoplebeforeprofit.ie/2016/05/lexit-why-we-need-a-left-exit-from-eu/ |archivedate=21 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }} 5. ^People Before Profit pair 'of one political mind' says Eamonn McCann. The Irish News. Published 10 May 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2017. 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://europedecides.eu/candidates/election-lists/ie/ |title=Lost? – Europe Decides |website=Europedecides.eu |date=20 June 2014|accessdate=19 May 2016}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.clririshleftarchive.org/organisation/254/|work=Irish Left Archive|title=About Socialist Workers' Network|accessdate=16 April 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.socialistworkeronline.net/about-the-swp/|title=About the SWP|work=Socialist Worker online|accessdate=16 April 2018}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/harry-mcgee-people-before-profit-and-the-anti-austerity-alliance-spot-the-difference-1.2384459|work=The Irish Times|author=Harry McGee|title=People Before Profit and the Anti Austerity Alliance - spot the difference|quote=For anybody who has not been intimately involved with the Socialist Workers Party or the Socialist Party, you would need to have a PhD in semantics and rhetoric to winkle out the actual ideological difference between them. They are both Trotskyist and advocate permanent revolution and political agitation through working class mass action in capitalist societies such as Ireland.|date=9 October 2015|accessdate=16 April 2018}} 10. ^The Socialist Party, Joan Collins and the Bin Tax Battle An analysis by Dermot Connolly, ex Secretary of the Socialist Party 11. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.socialistworkeronline.net/socialist-workers-take-a-new-direction/|title=SOCIALIST WORKERS TAKE A NEW DIRECTION|work=Socialist Worker {{!}} Ireland|access-date=2018-02-13|language=en-gb}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rte.ie/news/elections2007/results/constit-22.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=28 May 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818183706/http://www.rte.ie/news/elections2007/results/constit-22.html |archivedate=18 August 2007 }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?ID=4256 |title=Ciaran Cuffe |website=ElectionsIreland.org |date= |accessdate=19 May 2016}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://archive.peoplebeforeprofit.ie/node/156 |title=Lisbon Treaty is unchanged and must be rejected | People Before Profit Alliance |website=Archive.peoplebeforeprofit.ie |date= |accessdate=19 May 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604231511/http://archive.peoplebeforeprofit.ie/node/156 |archivedate=4 June 2016 |df=dmy-all }} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?ID=6163|title=Pat Dunne|work=ElectionsIreland.org}} 16. ^{{cite news|first=Olivia|last=Kelly|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2009/0507/breaking70.htm|title=Left alliance to run 13 candidates|newspaper=The Irish Times|date=7 May 2009|accessdate=7 May 2009}} 17. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/anti-austerity-alliance-people-before-profit-2259896-Aug2015/|title=Could we be about to get another new political group?|work=TheJournal.ie|date=8 August 2015}} 18. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/anti-austerity-alliance-and-people-before-profit-to-launch-new-party-1.2353674|title=Anti Austerity Alliance and People before Profit to launch new party|work=The Irish Times|date=17 September 2015}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=2016&cons=113|title=Dún Laoghaire – General Election: 26 February 2016|work=ElectionsIreland.org}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=2016&cons=95|title=Dublin Mid West – General Election: 26 February 2016|work=ElectionsIreland.org}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=2016&cons=103|title=Dublin South Central – General Election: 26 February 2016|work=ElectionsIreland.org}} 22. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-councillor-resigns-from-people-before-profit-1.3750176|title=Dublin Councillor resigns from People before Profit|last=Power|first=Jack|work=The Irish Times|date=7 January 2019|access-date=7 January 2019}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/northern-ireland-constituencies/N06000004 |title=Belfast West - Northern Ireland Assembly constituency - Election 2016|publisher=BBC News|date=6 May 2016|accessdate=19 May 2016}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/politics/northern-ireland-constituencies/N06000008 |title=Foyle - Northern Ireland Assembly constituency - Election 2016 |publisher=BBC News |date=7 May 2016|accessdate=19 May 2016}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/politics/northern-ireland-constituencies/N06000004 |title=Belfast West - Northern Ireland Assembly constituency - Election 2017 |publisher=BBC News |date=3 March 2017 |accessdate=3 March 2017}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/politics/northern-ireland-constituencies/N06000008 |title=Foyle - Northern Ireland Assembly constituency - Election 2017 |publisher=BBC News |date=3 March 2017 |accessdate=3 March 2017}} 27. ^https://www.thejournal.ie/people-before-profit-ni-3221610-Feb2017/ 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishnews.com/opinion/letterstotheeditor/2016/07/04/news/brexit-fallout-has-undermined-the-principle-of-consent-586751/|title=Brexit fallout has undermined the principle of consent|work=Irish News|date=4 July 2016}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.irishnews.com/opinion/letterstotheeditor/2016/07/04/news/brexit-fallout-has-undermined-the-principle-of-consent-586751/|title=Brexit fallout has undermined the principle of consent|work=Irish News|date=4 July 2016}} 30. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/northern-ireland-constituencies/N06000008|title=Foyle – Northern Ireland Assembly constituency – Election 2016|work=BBC News|accessdate=7 May 2016}} External links
10 : 2005 establishments in Ireland|All-Ireland political parties|Anti-austerity political parties in the United Kingdom|Eurosceptic parties in Ireland|Eurosceptic parties in the United Kingdom|Far-left politics in Ireland|Political parties established in 2005|Socialist parties in Ireland|Trotskyist organisations in Ireland|Trotskyist organisations in Northern Ireland |
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