| 词条 | Percy Charles Pickard |
| 释义 |
|name= Percy Charles Pickard |image= Percy Charles Pickard.2.jpg |image_size= |alt= |caption= P. Charles Pickard |birth_date= {{Birth date|1915|05|19|df=y}} |death_date= {{Death date and age|1944|02|18|1915|05|19|df=y}} |birth_place=Handsworth, Sheffield, West Riding of Yorkshire, England |death_place=Amiens, France |placeofburial= |nickname= "Pick" |allegiance= United Kingdom |branch= Royal Air Force |serviceyears= 1937–1944 |rank= Group Captain |servicenumber= |unit= |commands= No. 140 Wing RAF No. 51 Squadron No. 161 Squadron |battles= Second World War |awards= Distinguished Service Order & Two Bars Distinguished Flying Cross Mentioned in Despatches Czechoslovak War Cross 1939 |relations= |laterwork= }} Group Captain Percy Charles "Pick" Pickard, {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|DSO2|DFC}} (16 May 1915 – 18 February 1944) was an officer in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War. He served as a pilot and commander and was one of the only officers of the RAF to be awarded the DSO three times in the Second World War. He flew over a hundred sorties and distinguished himself in a variety of operations requiring coolness under fire. In 1941 he participated in the making of the 1941 wartime film Target for To-night, which made him a public figure in England. He led the squadron of Whitley bombers that carried paratroopers to their drop for the Bruneval raid. Throughout 1943 he flew the Lysander on nighttime missions into occupied France for the SOE, performing insertions of agents and picking up personnel from very small landing strips. Pickard lead a group of Mosquitos on the Amiens raid, in which he was killed in action 18 February 1944. BackgroundPickard was born in Handsworth, Sheffield, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England and was educated at Framlingham College.[1] Pickard was the son of the late P. C. Pickard and Mrs. Pickard. His sister was actress Helena Pickard, married to English actor Sir Cedric Hardwicke.[1] Service historyPickard received a short service commission into the Royal Air Force in January 1937,[2] which was made Permanent in November.[3] He served with a bomber squadron before being appointed personal assistant to the air officer commanding a training group at Cranwell in 1938. He participated in fighting over Norway, France and during the Dunkirk evacuation.[1] He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) in July 1940 while serving as a flight lieutenant in a bomber squadron. He was promoted to squadron leader with No. 311 (Czechoslovak) Squadron and was awarded a Distinguished Service Order (DSO) in March 1941. In May 1942, as wing commander in charge of No. 51 Squadron, he was awarded a bar to the DSO in recognition of his leadership in Operation Biting (also known as the Bruneval raid) on 27 February 1942. In March 1943, while commanding No. 161 Squadron – which carried out operations in support of the SOE in occupied Europe – at RAF Tempsford he was awarded a second bar to the DSO for outstanding leadership ability and fine fighting qualities.[4] He was the first RAF officer in the Second World War to be awarded the DSO and two bars.[5] For a while Pickard was station commander at RAF Sculthorpe. In October 1943 he was given command of No. 140 Wing of the Second Tactical Air Force by Basil Embry. This put him in charge of three squadrons of de Havilland Mosquito fast bombers. They became specialised in low level precision attacks.[6] Pickard led the February 1944 low-level attack on the Amiens Prison, in the raid known as Operation Jericho. The attack was carried out at the request of the French resistance in order to allow a considerable number of their imprisoned members, who were soon to be executed by the occupying Nazis, the chance to escape. The Resistance stated that the prisoners had said they would rather take the chance of being killed by RAF bombs than be shot by the Nazis. Operation Jericho was a success but Pickard, together with his Navigator, Flight Lieutenant J. A. "Bill" Broadley, were killed when their Mosquito, HX922/"EG-F", was shot down by a Fw 190 flown by Feldwebel Mayer of 7. Jagdgeschwader 26 in the closing stages of the operation. Pickard and Broadley were initially reported missing and then in September 1944 it was announced that they had been 'killed in action'.[1] Pickard is buried in plot 3, row B, grave 13 at St. Pierre Cemetery near Amiens, France.[7] Broadley is buried in plot 3, row A, grave 11 of the same cemetery. Pickard was married and had a son at the time of his death.[1] The French government called for him to receive a posthumous Victoria Cross.[8] References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news| last =| first =| coauthors =| title =Deaths| work = Issue 49962; col D| page = 7| language =| publisher =The Times| date = 22 September 1944| url =| accessdate = }} 2. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34369|date=9 February 1937|page=895}} 3. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34457|date=23 November 1937|page=7352}} 4. ^{{London Gazette|issue=35954|date=23 March 1943|page=1413|supp=y}} 5. ^K. R. M. Short, ‘Pickard, Percy Charles (1915–1944)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edition, May 2008, {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/62384}}. Retrieved on 5 November 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://www.webcitation.org/5wTIdzSoT?url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/62384 |date=13 February 2011 }} 6. ^Heroes of the Skies Michael Ashcroft 7. ^Casualty details—Pickard, Percy Charles, Casualty details—Broadley, John Alan, Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved on 5 November 2008. {{webarchive |url=https://www.webcitation.org/5wTIfGmND?url=http://www.cwgc.org/search/casualty_details.aspx?casualty%3D2847235 |date=13 February 2011 }} 8. ^'Operation Jericho', BBC (TV), 20 October 2011 Further reading
14 : 1915 births|1944 deaths|Aviators killed by being shot down|British military personnel killed in World War II|British World War II pilots|British World War II bomber pilots|Companions of the Distinguished Service Order|People educated at Framlingham College|People from Sheffield|Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|People who were rejected for the Victoria Cross|Royal Air Force officers|Royal Air Force personnel of World War II|Recipients of the Czechoslovak War Cross |
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