| 词条 | Peter Hillary |
| 释义 |
| image = Peter Hillary.jpg | caption = Hillary in 2015 | birth_name = Peter Edmund Hillary | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1954|12|26|df=yes}} | birth_place = Auckland, New Zealand | spouse = Ann Moorhead (div.) Yvonne Oome | parents = {{plainlist|
| children = 4 | occupation = Mountaineer, philanthropist, writer }}Peter Edmund Hillary (born 26 December 1954) is a New Zealand mountaineer, philanthropist and writer. He is the son of adventurer Sir Edmund Hillary, who, along with Nepalese Sherpa mountaineer Tenzing Norgay, completed the first successful ascent of Mount Everest.[1] When Peter Hillary summited Everest in 1990, he and his father were the first father/son duo to achieve the feat. Hillary has achieved two summits of Everest, an 84-day trek across Antarctica to the South Pole, and an expedition guiding astronaut Neil Armstrong to land a small aircraft at the North Pole. He has climbed many of the world's major peaks, and on 19 June 2008, completed the Seven Summits, reaching the top of the highest mountains on all seven continents, when he summited Denali in Alaska.[2] Personal lifePeter Edmund Hillary was born in Auckland, New Zealand on 26 December 1954. He had two younger sisters, Sarah Louise and Belinda Mary, and was the eldest of the three children of Sir Edmund Hillary and his first wife, Louise Mary Rose.[3] Peter Hillary received his education at King's College, Auckland and at Auckland University.[4] As a child, Hillary travelled the world extensively. In 1962, when he was seven, his family travelled all over the United States and Canada while Sir Edmund was on an extended lecture tour. On the way back to New Zealand, the Hillary family capped off their year abroad in Nepal for a visit with Tenzing Norgay. Additional travels included trips to the United Kingdom; drives in the deserts of Australia; learning to ski on New Zealand's South Island; climbing New Zealand's highest peak, Mount Cook; and sitting around campfires in the Himalayas.[5] At age eleven, his father took him to climb Mount Everest.[6] On 31 March 1975, after having spent a year in Nepal, Hillary's mother and youngest sister, sixteen-year-old Belinda, were killed when their plane crashed shortly after taking off from a Kathmandu airfield.[3] Hillary, then twenty, was in Assam, India, visiting a friend, when he received the news that there were no survivors in the crash.[7] He described Lady Hillary and Belinda as 'the glue that bonded the family together'.[8] Hillary's climbing friend, Australian Mark Moorhead, died on 15 October 1983 attempting to ascend Makalu, a Himalayan mountain that is the fifth-highest in the world.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}} When Hillary went to pay his respects to the family, he met Moorhead's sister Ann, whom he would later marry. They separated in 1993 when Hillary began talking about resuming his mountaineering career after a three-year hiatus, and were subsequently divorced.[9]{{rp|57}} Hillary later married Yvonne Oomen, with whom he has two children, Alexander and Lily; he also has two children, Amelia and George, from his first marriage.[10] On 11 January 2008, Hillary was in Lisbon, Portugal, at a dinner with some clients when he was informed his father had died of a sudden heart attack at Auckland Hospital.[7] Sir Edmund lay in state at the Auckland Cathedral of the Holy Trinity and his funeral on 22 January 2008 at Auckland's St. Mary's Church was televised live throughout New Zealand.[11] Hillary delivered a eulogy for his father in which he said, recalling his childhood, 'Growing up in the Hillary family, was quite an adventure... Adventure was compulsory'.[12] On 29 February 2008, Hillary, his sister Sarah, and Sir Edmund's widow, Lady Hillary (formerly June Anderson Mulgrew) scattered most of his ashes, in a private ceremony held on Auckland's Hauraki Gulf, from the youth sail training ship Spirit of New Zealand.[13] Apa Sherpa, who at the time had summited Everest more than anyone else, proposed a small portion of Sir Edmund's ashes should be held in reserve to be scattered on the summit of Mount Everest, and Hillary transferred them to a nearby Nepalese monastery. However, in 2010, a committee of Sherpas decided against it, concerned that it could set a precedent.[14] After Sir Edmund's death, there was an immediate clash between his son and his widow over the future of the Himalayan Trust that Sir Edmund had established to assist the people of Nepal, resulting in Hillary not being appointed to its board of directors.[15] In 2010, Hillary and his sister had to get an injunction to stop Lady Hillary from having their father's watches sold through a Swiss auction house, including one that was presented to him after his Everest triumph. Hillary said he and his sister owned the watches as per their father's will. It was ruled that, under New Zealand's heritage laws, the Everest watch should never have left the country and was a violation of the Protected Objects Act. Lady Hillary had to withdraw the items from auction.[16] Hillary then spent a year in mediation attempting to establish ownership of the watches and other items that were of great significance to the family, as Lady Hillary had given away an additional 17 items of sentimental value without consulting the family.[17] When the courts awarded ownership of the watches to Sir Edmund's children, Hillary donated them to the Auckland War Memorial Museum.[18] Finally, in October 2011, Lady Hillary resigned as the head of the Himalayan Trust, with five additional board members going with her.[19] Mount EverestHillary has been to Everest five times, once reaching 8,300 metres on the West Ridge and twice reaching the summit by the South Col route. With his first summit of Mount Everest in 1990, he and Sir Edmund became the first father and son to achieve the feat.[20] His second ascent in May 2002[21] was part of a National Geographic Society expedition to mark the 50th anniversary of Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay's historic first ascent in 1953. The anniversary expedition brought together Peter Hillary, Jamling Norgay and Brent Bishop, the sons of Sir Edmund, Tenzing Norgay, and Dr Barry Bishop, a member of the first successful American team to reach the summit in 1963. The 1990 expedition was led by veteran Everest climber Pete Athans, who holds the record for the most summits of Everest by a Western climber. PhilanthropyPeter Hillary now devotes most of his time to fundraising in support of his father's Himalayan Trust, which was established in 1960 to fund capital projects in the Khumbu Valley region of Nepal. He is also a director of the Australian Himalayan Foundation.[22] Hillary is also the patron for the Everest Rescue Trust, a non-profit, independent trust set up to operate and manage a self-funding rescue helicopter service for the high altitude regions of Nepal.[23] MediaPeter Hillary has written and co-written several books, including: A Sunny Day in the Himalayas (1980);[24] First Across the Roof of the World: The First-ever Traverse of the Himalayas, 5,000 Kilometres from Sikkim to Pakistan (with Graham Dingle, 1982);[25] Two Generations (with his father, Sir Edmund Hillary, 1984);[26] Ascent: Two Lives Explored – The Autobiographies of Sir Edmund and Peter Hillary (also with his father, 1986);[27] Rimo: Mountain on the Silk Road (1992);[28] Bridgit was Bored (a children's book written with his first wife, Ann Moorhead, 1992);[29] and In the Ghost Country: A Lifetime Spent on the Edge (with John Elder, 2003).[30] Hillary wrote the afterword for the book Letters from Everest: A First-hand Account from the Epic First Ascent by George Lowe, who was Sir Edmund Hillary's best friend and accompanied him on the 1953 Everest expedition.[31] In the wake of the 1996 Mount Everest disaster, Hillary wrote an article for The New York Times Magazine entitled Everest is Mighty, We are Fragile.[32] He also wrote an article called In the Name of the Father, describing what it was like on K2 in August 1995 when the mountain claimed the lives of seven summiters, leaving him as one of three survivors of that expedition.[33] Like many successful adventurers, Peter Hillary has made a career as a professional public speaker, writer, and designer of speciality outdoor equipment. He has also worked as an adventure travel operator and guide, specialising in the Himalayas and Antarctica. Hillary has done numerous television, radio, and satellite interviews in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and his native New Zealand, and participated in several documentaries such as National Geographic's Surviving Everest, celebrating the 50th anniversary of Sir Edmund Hillary's first summit[34] Awards
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalgeographic.com/speakers/profile_hillary.html|title=National Geographic Speakers Bureau: Peter Hillary|publisher=National Geographic Society|accessdate=13 November 2007}} 2. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10517264 |title=Peter Hillary completes climb of seven summits |date=19 June 2008 |agency=NZPA |work=The New Zealand Herald |accessdate=2 November 2011}} 3. ^1 {{cite news|last=Calder|first=Peter|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10482158|title=Sir Edmund Hillary's life|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=11 January 2008}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://keynotespeakers.com/speaker_detail.php?speakerid=3706|title=Keynote Speakers|accessdate=18 May 2013}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/celebritytravel/9072728/The-great-adventures-of-Sir-Edmund-Hillarys-family.html|title=The great adventures of Sir Edmund Hillary's family|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=18 May 2013|location=London|first=Jessica|last=Salter|date=10 February 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.peterhillary.com/about/|title=Peter Hillary – About|website=Peterhillary.com|accessdate=18 May 2013}} 7. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/08/08/1218139078212.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1|title=In his father's footsteps|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=9 August 2008}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Laxon|first=Andrew|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501119&objectid=10840255|title=Sir Edmund Hillary: Down to earth|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=13 October 2012}} 9. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cdNl2T34vD4C&pg=PA57&lpg=PA57&dq=ann+moorhead+peter+hillary+married&source=bl&ots=EliGo7chg0&sig=3M0gff1Flbij_oqq_YX0GIvzpCE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=h5KLUfn1G4zjrAeMm4DIAg&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=ann%20moorhead%20peter%20hillary%20married&f=false |last1=Hillary|first1=Peter|last2=Elder|first2=John E.|title=In the Ghost Country: A Lifetime Spent on the Edge|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2003|accessdate=4 March 2014|isbn=978-0-7432-4369-8}} 10. ^{{cite news|last=du Chateau|first=Carroll|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10488238|title=Two families share long connection|date=23 January 2008|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=McManus|first1=Ruth|last2=Du Plessis|first2=Rosemary|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/30417/sir-edmund-hillarys-state-funeral-2008|title= Death and dying - Funeral and memorial services: Sir Edmund Hillary's state funeral|accessdate=4 March 2014}} 12. ^{{cite news|author=|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10487990|title=Minute by minute coverage: Sir Edmund's funeral|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=22 January 2008}} 13. ^{{cite news|author=|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10495373|title=Sir Edmund Hillary takes final voyage, ashes scattered at sea|work=The New Zealand Herald|agency=NPZA|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=29 February 2008}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8612256.stm|title=Sherpas cancel plan to spread Hillary ashes on Everest|publisher=BBC|accessdate=18 May 2013|date=9 April 2010}} 15. ^{{cite news|last=Powley|first=Kathryn|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10685965|title=Hillary family rift widens|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=7 November 2010}} 16. ^{{cite news|author=|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10687986|title=Lady Hillary unlikely to be charged over watch row|work= The New Zealand Herald|agency=NZPA|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=16 November 2010}} 17. ^{{cite news|last=Irvine|first=Katherine|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10687300|title=Sir Ed's children stop sale of historic watches|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=13 November 2010}} 18. ^{{cite news|last=Wade|first=Ameila|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/sir-edmund-hillary-1919-2008/news/article.cfm?c_id=1501792&objectid=10761931|title=Sir Ed's Rolex on show at museum|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=4 March 2015|date=27 October 2011}} 19. ^{{cite news|last=Douglas|first=Ed|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/oct/05/edmund-hillary-family-feud-charity|title=Edmund Hillary family feud comes to a head as widow quits charity|work=The Guardian|accessdate=4 March 2015|location=London|date=5 October 2011}} 20. ^{{cite web|last=Daly|first=Michael|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/world/asia/8729630/Everests-history-marked-in-blood|title=Everest's history marked in blood|date=29 May 2013|website=Stuff.co.nz|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 21. ^{{cite web|last=Arnold|first=Elizabeth|url=https://www.npr.org/programs/re/archivesdate/2003/apr/everest/index.html|title=NPR: Everest: To the Top of the World|date=25 April 2013|publisher=NPR|accessdate=4 March 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930002729/http://www.npr.org/programs/re/archivesdate/2003/apr/everest/index.html|archivedate=30 September 2013}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.peterhillary.com/giving-back/|title=Peter Hillary – Giving Back|website=Peterhillary.com|accessdate=30 July 2013}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.expeditions.com/why-us/expedition-team/staff-bios/PETER-HILLARY/|title=Lindblad gExpeditions|accessdate=30 July 2013}} 24. ^{{cite web|last=Hillary|first=Peter|url=https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=LuCzGwAACAAJ&dq=A+Sunny+Day+in+the+Himalayas|title=A Sunny Day in the Himalayas|website=Google Books|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton|year=1980|isbn=978-0-340-25685-5|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 25. ^{{cite web|last2=Hillary|first2=Peter|last1=Dingle|first1=Graham|url=https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=3VmSQgAACAAJ|title=First Across the Roof of the World: The First-ever Traverse of the Himalayas, 5,000 Kilometres from Sikkim to Pakistan|website=Google Books|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton|year=1982|isbn=978-0-340-32040-2|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 26. ^{{cite book|last1=Hillary|first1=Edmund|last2=Hillary|first2=Peter|title=Two Generations|publisher=Hodler & Stoughton|year=1984|isbn=978-0-340-35420-9}} 27. ^{{cite book|last1=Hillary|first1=Edmund|last2=Hillary|first2=Peter|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Ascent.html?id=9kiDAAAAMAAJ|title=Accent Two Lived Explored - The Autobiographies of Sir Edmund and Peter Hillary|publisher=Doubleday|year=1986|website=Google Books|isbn=978-0-385-19831-8|accessdate=4 March 2014}} 28. ^{{cite web|last=Hillary|first=Peter|url=https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=810gAAAACAAJ|title=Rimo: Mountain on the Silk Road|website=Google Books|publisher=Ulverscroft Large Print Books|year=1992|isbn=978-0-708-98632-5|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 29. ^{{cite web|last=Hillary|first=Peter|url=https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=yQ2sHAAACAAJ|title=Bridgit Was Bored|website=Google Books|publisher=Hodder and Stoughton|year=1992|isbn=978-0-340-57844-5|others=Contributed to by Ann Moorhead|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 30. ^{{cite web|last1=Hillary|first1=Peter|last2=Elder|first2=John|url=https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=cdNl2T34vD4C|title=In the Ghost Country: A Lifetime Spent on the Edge|website=Google Books|publisher=Simon and Schulster|year=2003|isbn=978-0-7432-4369-8|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=crhvmgEACAAJ&dq=ISBN9781775540335&hl=ja&sa=X&ei=1aT2VITcK9Pv8gXLiIGoDA&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA|title=Letters from Everest: A First-hand Account from the Epic First Ascent|website=Google Books|accessdate=4 March 2015|isbn=978-1-775-54033-5}} 32. ^{{cite web|last=Hillary|first=Peter|url=http://partners.nytimes.com/library/magazine/millennium/m3/kimmelman-everest2.html|title=Everest is Mighty, We are Fragile|date=26 May 1996|work=The New York Times|accessdate=4 March 2015}} 33. ^{{cite web|last=Hillary|first=Peter|url=http://www.peterhillary.com/article-in-the-name-of-the-father/|title=In the Name of the Father|website=Peterhillary.com|accessdate=5 May 2013}} 34. ^{{cite web|last=Guynup|first=Sharon|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/04/0424_030424_tveverest_2.html|title=On TV: Surviving Everest Tells of Triumph, Tragedy|date=24 April 2003|publisher=National Geographic|accessdate=4 March 2015}} External links{{Commons category}}
6 : 1954 births|Living people|New Zealand mountain climbers|New Zealand philanthropists|People from Auckland|Summiters of Mount Everest |
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