| 词条 | Peter Larson |
| 释义 |
Early life and educationPeter Larson grew up on a ranch near Mission, South Dakota. He began rock hunting at the age of four on his parent's ranch. He attended the South Dakota School of Mines to study paleontology. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1974. Shortly after graduating college he started Black Hills Minerals. CareerLarson founded what eventually became the Black Hills Institute in 1974.[3] Partners Robert Farrar and (Larson's brother) Neal Larson later joined the company. In 1990, Larson led the excavation of the Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton later named "Sue". With only a bachelor's degree in geology,[1] Larson has written and co-authored numerous publications on dinosaurs, has excavated more T. rex skeletons than any other paleontologist,[1] and his organization's work on excavation and preparation of fossils has been recognized by paleontologists Robert Bakker, Philip Currie, Phillip Manning, and Jack Horner for its quality.[2][3] He was one of the first to work with T. rex bone pathologies, has worked to uncover sexual dimorphism in the chevron length of T. rex, and argues that the controversial tyrannosaurid Nanotyrannus is not a juvenile T. rex, as some claim.[4] In 1992, Larson's team helped to discover second largest Tyrannosaurus rex Stan. Larson, along with paleontologist Kenneth Carpenter, edited the scholarly text Tyrannosaurus Rex, the Tyrant King. Larson and his ex-wife Kristin Donnan wrote the book Rex Appeal, which relates the story of how the U.S. Government took possession of the "Sue" T. rex skeleton following its excavation, and Bones Rock!, a children's book about the history of paleontology and requirements on how to become a palaeontologist.[2] In 2013 Larson and colleagues began excavating at a site located in Wyoming, US containing the remnants of three nearly complete skeletons of Triceratops.[5] Federal lands disputeIn 1992, an acting U.S. Attorney led about 35 F.B.I. agents and 20 National Guardsmen on a raid on the Black Hills Institute of Geological Research, Larson's company. The federal agents seized the skeleton of Sue, along with other fossils and records.[3] Larson and associates believed they were excavating "Sue" on private land, and had paid the owner $5,000 for permission. The U.S. Attorney charged that the fossil had been illegally taken from land under Federal administration. In 1994, a Federal court ruled that "Sue" belonged to the landowner, an Indian whose deed was held in trust by the Bureau of Indian Affairs.[12] After the sale to the Field Museum, the landowner received $7.6 million.[6] Following a trial on charges unrelated to the "Sue" T. rex find,[7] Larson was convicted of two felonies and two misdemeanors,[8] charges which some considered politically motivated.[3] The felonies involved the "failure to fill out forms," which resulted from contested instructions from the judge. The trial record shows that the judge told the jury to ignore testimony from the government's own customs witnesses, testimony that normally would have resulted in acquittals in these charges.[9] Richard Howard Battey sentenced Larson two years in federal prison despite the maximum sentence being only six months. In 2015, South Dakota lawmakers have petitioned Barack Obama for a formal full pardon of Larson.[10] LegacyLarson has developed a controversial standing among some academic paleontologists who object to his organization's commercial selling of fossils and his lack of pedigree,[2][11] though Robert Bakker has backed Larson as a responsible paleontologist.[8] Selected worksJournal articles
Popular books
See also
References1. ^{{cite news|last=Alden|first=John|title='Rex Appeal' - one historic fossil, three stories|date=August 11, 2002|newspaper=The Baltimore Sun|url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2002-08-11/entertainment/0208110352_1_peter-larson-rex-appeal-fossil-collectors}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|last=Mullen|first=William|title=Bones of contention: Academics and commercial fossil hunters may never settle their differences|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2003-01-21/features/0301210056_1_black-hills-institute-peter-larson-rex-appeal|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=January 21, 2003}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|title=A Dinosaur Named Sue Divides Fossil Hunters|last=Browne|first=Malcolm W.|newspaper=New York Times|date=July 21, 1992|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/07/21/science/a-dinosaur-named-sue-divides-fossil-hunters.html?src=pm&pagewanted=2&pagewanted=all}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last=Switek|first=Brian|title=(News Feature) Palaeontology: The truth about T. rex|journal=Nature|date=23 October 2013|volume=502|issue=7472|pages=424–426|doi=10.1038/502424a|url=http://www.nature.com/news/palaeontology-the-truth-about-t-rex-1.13988}} 5. ^{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Matt|title=Triceratops trio unearthed in Wyoming|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/03/us/triceratops-found|publisher=CNN|accessdate=18 April 2014|date=June 4, 2013}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Steve Fiffer|year=2000|title=Tyrannosaurus Sue|publisher=W. H. Freeman and Company, New York|isbn=0-7167-4017-6}} Chapter 12 "Everything Changed that Day". 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Kjærgaard|first1=Peter C.|title=The Fossil Trade: Paying a Price for Human Origins|journal=ISIS|date=June 2012|volume= 103| issue = 2|pages=340–355|jstor=10.1086/666365}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Browne|first=Malcolm|title=Fossil Dealer, Target of Federal Prosecutors, Begins Jail Term|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/22/us/fossil-dealer-target-of-federal-prosecutors-begins-jail-term.html|accessdate=18 April 2014|newspaper=New York Times|date=February 22, 1996}} 9. ^{{Cite book|title=Rex Appeal: The Amazing Story of Sue, the Dinosaur That Changed Science, the Law, and My Life|last=Larson & Donnan|first=Peter & Kristin|publisher=Invisible Cities Press|year=2002|isbn=|location=|pages=}} Note: primary source, written by Larson. 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Associated Press|title=Panel calls for pardon of famous paleontologist credited in discovery of 'Sue' the T. rex|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/museums/chi-peter-larson-pardon-20150305-story.html|website=Chicago Tribune}} 11. ^1 {{cite web|last=Rooney|first=Brian|title=Racing Against Time and Weather for Dinosaur Bones|work=ABC News|date= Nov 13, 2007|accessdate=26 April 2014|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/story?id=3818951&page=1&singlePage=true}} External links
7 : 1952 births|Living people|American paleontologists|People from Pennington County, South Dakota|Businesspeople from South Dakota|South Dakota School of Mines and Technology alumni|People from Mission, South Dakota |
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