| 词条 | Petty nobility |
| 释义 |
Petty nobility refers to lower nobility classes. {{Royal and noble ranks}}Finland{{further|Finnish nobility}}Petty nobility in Finland is dated at least back to 13th century and was formed by nobles around their strategic interests. The idea was more capable peasants with leader roles in local community that were given tax exemption for taking care of services like guard duties of local strongholds. Cavalry service was not required from these petty noble families. Later on many of these petty noble families gained full nobility ranking. Finnish Vehkalahti is particularly noted in literature for as having been an example of such petty nobility (Finnish: knaappiaateli). Germany{{further|German nobility}}The Niederer Adel that held legal privileges until 1918 greater than those enjoyed by commoners, but less than those enjoyed by the Hochadel, were considered part of the lower nobility or Niederer Adel. Most were untitled, only making use of the particle von in their surnames. PolandThe nobility (szlachta) of Poland included petty nobility known as drobna szlachta. These were owners of a part of a village or owning no land at all, often referred to by a variety of colourful Polish terms such as:
Serbia{{further|Serbian nobility in the Middle Ages}}The nobility (vlastela) of Serbia in the Middle Ages is roughly divided into magnates (velikaši), nobility (vlastela) and petty noblemen (vlasteličići). Sometimes, the division is made between vlastela (including "great" and "small" ones) and vlasteličići. The vlasteličići (властеличићи) were the lower nobility class of Serbia.[2] It was a relatively numerous class of the small, warrior nobility, originating from the vojnici (warriors) from sources from the end of the 12th- and beginning of 13th century.[3] They held villages, with full rights,[2] and in socioeconomic and legal terms stood below the vlastela.[4] They had military obligations, such as joining the army individually or with a group his men (soldiers), dependent on his wealth.[5] See also
References1. ^Lwów i Wilno / [publ. by J. Godlewski]. (1948) nr 98 2. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Ćirković|first1=Sima|authorlink1=Sima Ćirković|last2=Mihaljčić|first2=Rade|authorlink2=Rade Mihaljčić|script-title=sr:Лексикон српског средњег века|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AypYAAAAMAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Knowledge|pp=91–92}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Šarkić|first=Srđan|title=Srednjovekovno srpsko pravo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BxQlAQAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Matica srpska|p=27}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Janković|first=Dragoslav|title=Istorija države i prava feudalne Srbije, XII-XV vek|publisher=Naućna knjiga|year=1961|p=46}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Nikola Stijepović|title=Srpska feudalna vojska|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEw9AAAAMAAJ|year=1954|p=50}} 1 : Nobility |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。