| 词条 | Philipsburg Proclamation |
| 释义 |
|document_name=Philipsburg Proclamation |image= |image_width= |image_caption= |date_created=June 30, 1779 |date_ratified= |location_of_document= |writer=General Sir Henry Clinton |signers= |purpose=To encourage slaves to run away and enlist in the British Armed Forces }} The Philipsburg Proclamation is a historical document issued by British Army General Sir Henry Clinton on June 30, 1779 intended to encourage slaves to run away and enlist in the Royal Forces.[1][2] The proclamation extended the scope of Dunmore's Proclamation, issued four years earlier by Virginia's last Royal governor, Lord Dunmore, granting freedom to slaves in Virginia willing to serve the Royal forces. The new document, issued from Clinton's temporary headquarters at the Philipsburg Manor House in Westchester County, New York, proclaimed all slaves in the newly established United States belonging to American Patriots free, regardless of their willingness to fight for the Crown.[3] It further promised protection, freedom and land to any slaves who left their master.[4] The move was one of desperation on the part of the British, who realized that the Revolution was not going in their favor.[5] In a way it was too successful: so many slaves escaped (over 5,000 from Georgia alone), that Clinton ordered many to return to their masters.[6][7][8] Following the war, about 3,000 former slaves were relocated to Nova Scotia,[9] where they were known as Black Loyalists. Many continued on to Sierra Leone, where they established Freetown, its capital. See also
References1. ^{{cite book |last=Carnahan |first=Burrus M. |authorlink=Burrus M. Carnahan |title=Act of Justice: Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and the Law of War |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |year=2007 |pages=18 |isbn=0-8131-2463-8}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Philipsburg Proclamation}}2. ^{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=REVOLUTIONARY WAR3/Sir Henry Clinton's Philipsburg Proclamation, June 30, 1779.jpg |url=http://negroartist.com/revolutionary%20war3/pages/Sir%20Henry%20Clinton's%20Philipsburg%20Proclamation,%20June%2030,%201779_jpg.htm |accessdate=2007-10-07 |postscript= }} 3. ^{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=The Philipsburg Proclamation |url=http://www.blackloyalist.com/canadiandigitalcollection/story/revolution/philipsburg.htm |accessdate=2007-10-07 |postscript= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071117055926/http://www.blackloyalist.com/canadiandigitalcollection/story/revolution/philipsburg.htm |archivedate=2007-11-17 |df= }} 4. ^{{Cite web |last=Hilvers |first=Julie |title=Freedom Bound: Black Loyalists |url=http://www.nku.edu/~freedomchronicle/OldSiteArchive/archive/issue4/studentscorner.php |accessdate=2007-10-07 |postscript= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071123113115/http://www.nku.edu/~freedomchronicle/OldSiteArchive/archive/issue4/studentscorner.php |archivedate=November 23, 2007 |df= }} 5. ^{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Who were the Black Loyalists? |url=http://museum.gov.ns.ca/blackloyalists/who.htm |accessdate=2007-10-07 |postscript= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024151754/http://museum.gov.ns.ca/blackloyalists/who.htm |archivedate=2007-10-24 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Poplack |first=Shana |authorlink=Shana Poplack |title=African American English in the Diaspora |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |year=2001 |pages=41–42 |isbn=0-631-21266-3}} 7. ^{{cite book |last=Davis |first=David Brion |authorlink=David Brion Davis |title=The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2006 |pages=150 |isbn=0-19-514073-7}} 8. ^{{cite book |last=Brown |first=Christopher Leslie |authorlink=Christopher Leslie Brown |title=Arming Slaves: From Classical Times to the Modern Age |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2006 |pages=190 |isbn=0-300-10900-8}} 9. ^{{cite book |last=Brooks |first=Joanna |authorlink=Joanna Brooks |title=Face Zion Forward: First Writers of the Black Atlantic, 1785–1798 |publisher=UPNE |year=2002 |pages=6 |isbn=1-55553-540-2}} 9 : American Revolution|United States historical documents|Official documents|Slavery in the United States|History of the Thirteen Colonies|Military history of the Thirteen Colonies|1779 in the United States|1779 in international relations|Proclamations |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。