| 词条 | Dwayne McDuffie |
| 释义 |
| image = | birth_name = Dwayne Glenn McDuffie | birth_date = {{Birth date|1962|02|20}}[1] | birth_place = Detroit, Michigan, United States | death_date = {{Death date and age|2011|02|21|1962|02|20}} | death_place = Burbank, California, United States | nationality = American | alma_mater=University of Michigan | area = Writer, producer, editor | write = y | art = | pencil = | ink = | edit = y | publish = | alias = | signature = | signature_alt = | notable works = Comics: Milestone Media, Static TV: Static Shock, Justice League Unlimited, Alien Force, Ultimate Alien, All-Star Superman | collaborators = Charlotte Fullerton (wife; 2009–2011) | influences = | influenced = | awards = | website = | subcat = American }} Dwayne Glenn McDuffie (February 20, 1962{{spaced ndash}}February 21, 2011) was an American writer of comic books and television, known for creating the animated television series Static Shock, writing and producing the animated series Justice League Unlimited and Ben 10, and co-founding the pioneering minority-owned-and-operated comic-book company Milestone Media. McDuffie earned three Eisner Award nominations for his work in comics.[2] Early life and educationMcDuffie was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan, the son of Leroy McDuffie[3] and Edna (Hawkins) McDuffie Gardner. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in English from the University of Michigan in 1983, then earning a master's degree in physics.[4] He then moved to New York to attend film school at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts. While McDuffie was working as a copy editor at the business magazine Investment Dealers' Digest, a friend got him an interview for an assistant editor position at Marvel Comics.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} Posthumously, comedian Keegan-Michael Key discovered he was biologically half-brother to Dwayne McDuffie, by their father.[5][6] CareerMarvel and MilestoneGoing on staff at Marvel as editor Bob Budiansky's assistant on special projects,[7] McDuffie helped develop the company's first superhero trading cards.[8] He also scripted stories for Marvel. His first major work was Damage Control, a miniseries about the company that shows up between issues and tidies up the mess left by the latest round of superhero/supervillain battles. After becoming an editor at Marvel, McDuffie submitted a spoof proposal for a comic entitled Teenage Negro Ninja Thrashers in response to Marvel's treatment of its black characters.[9] Becoming a freelancer in 1990, McDuffie wrote for dozens of various comics titles for Marvel, DC Comics, and Archie Comics. In addition, he wrote Monster in My Pocket for Harvey Comics editor Sid Jacobson, whom he cites on his website as having taught him everything he knows.[10] In early 1991, he divorced his first wife, Patricia D. Younger, in Seminole County, Florida.[11] In the early 1990s, wanting to express a multicultural sensibility that he felt was missing in comic books, McDuffie and three partners founded Milestone Media, which The Plain Dealer of Cleveland, Ohio, described in 2000 as "the industry's most successful minority-owned-and operated comic company."[8] McDuffie explained: {{quote|text=If you do a black character or a female character or an Asian character, then they aren't just that character. They represent that race or that sex, and they can't be interesting because everything they do has to represent an entire block of people. You know, Superman isn't all white people and neither is Lex Luthor. We knew we had to present a range of characters within each ethnic group, which means that we couldn't do just one book. We had to do a series of books and we had to present a view of the world that's wider than the world we've seen before.[12]}}Milestone, whose characters include the African-American Static, Icon, and Hardware; the Asian-American Xombi, and the multi-ethnic superhero group the Blood Syndicate, which include black, Asian and Latino men and women, debuted its titles in 1993 through a distribution deal with DC Comics.[8] Serving as editor-in-chief, McDuffie created or co-created many characters, including Static. Movies, television, and video gamesAfter Milestone had ceased publishing new comics, Static was developed into an animated series Static Shock. McDuffie was hired to write and story-edit on the series, writing 11 episodes.[8] His other television writing credits included Teen Titans and What's New, Scooby-Doo?. McDuffie was hired as a staff writer for the animated series Justice League and was promoted to story editor and producer as the series became Justice League Unlimited. During the entire run of the animated series, McDuffie wrote, produced, or story-edited 69 out of the 91 episodes. McDuffie also wrote the story for the video game Justice League Heroes. McDuffie was hired to help revamp and story-edit Cartoon Network's popular animated Ben 10 franchise with Alien Force, continuing the adventures of the ten-year-old title character into his mid and late teenage years. During the run of the series, McDuffie wrote episodes 1–3, 14, 25–28, 45 and 46 and/or story-edited all forty-six episodes. McDuffie also produced and story edited for the second sequel series Ultimate Alien, which premiered April 23. 2010. He wrote episodes 1, 10, 11, 16, 30, 39 together with J. M. DeMatteis and 52. McDuffie wrote a number of direct-to-DVD animated films featuring DC Comics characters – including Crisis on Two Earths and Doom.[13] He scripted the direct-to-DVD adaptation of All-Star Superman,[14] which was released one day after his death.[13] Doom was released posthumously in 2012. McDuffie's work was also seen on Omniverse, having shared story by credit on the first two episodes, "The More Things Change, Parts 1 and 2." Return to comicsAfter his popular work in Justice League and Justice League Unlimited, McDuffie returned to writing comic books. He wrote the Marvel miniseries Beyond!. In 2007, McDuffie wrote several issues of Firestorm for DC Comics, starting in January through to its cancellation. Later that year, he became the regular writer on Fantastic Four, scripting issues #542–553 (cover-dated Dec. 2006 March 2008).[15] As well, he wrote Justice League of America vol. 2, writing virtually every issue from #13–34 (Nov. 2007 – Aug. 2009).[16] He was fired from that series following a Lying in the Gutters compilation of his frank answers to fans about the creative process.[17] He married comic book and animation-TV writer Charlotte Fullerton in 2009.[8] McDuffie wrote Milestone Forever for DC Comics, a two-issue, squarebound miniseries chronicling the final adventures of his Milestone characters before a catastrophic event that fuses their continuity with the continuity of the DC Universe. DeathOn February 21, 2011, one day after his 49th birthday, McDuffie died at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center in Burbank, California of complications from emergency heart surgery.[18] TributesThe 2012 film Doom was dedicated to the memory of Dwayne McDuffie, and the Blu-ray and 2-Disc DVD editions of the movie included the documentary, A Legion of One: The Dwayne McDuffie Story. That same year, a diner named "McDuffie's" was depicted in the The Animated Series episode "The New Guy". Also in 2012, the Ultimate Spider-Man episode "Damage" was dedicated in memory of Dwayne McDuffie. In the episode, a new character named "Mac" was introduced as the CEO of the Damage Control, the fictional company created by McDuffie. In Ultimate Alien in 2012, the final episode "The Ultimate Enemy: Part 2", the crew of the series dedicated the episode in his memory in the credits. The same tribute appeared in the race video game based on the series, Galactic Racing. In the 2011 Static Shock comics series, Virgil Hawkins' new high school is named after McDuffie. In 2015, the Long Beach Comic Expo gave out the first Dwayne McDuffie Award for Diversity in Comics.[19] It has since become an annual event for the expo.[20][21] Awards and nominations
Filmography
BibliographyRegular writer
Fill-in writer
Editor
References1. ^[https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/VSH3-9NG "United States Social Security Death Index"], index, FamilySearch. Retrieved Mar 13, 2013), Dwayne Glenn Mcduffie, February 21, 2011. 2. ^Moore, Matt (February 23, 2011). [https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/obit/2011-02-22-mcduffie_N.htm "Dwayne McDuffie, comic and animation writer, dies at 49"], USA Today 3. ^{{cite web|title=Charlotte L. Fullerton and Dwayne G. McDuffie|url=http://www.eagletribune.com/celebrations/x712198615/Charlotte-L-Fullerton-and-Dwayne-G-McDuffie|publisher=Eagle Tribune|accessdate=October 9, 2013}} 4. ^What Dwayne McDuffie Meant To Comics And Why There's An Award In His Name, by Matt Wayne, in Playboy; published February 27, 2015; retrieved April 18, 2017 5. ^{{cite web|title=YOU MADE IT WEIRD #275: KEEGAN-MICHAEL KEY|url=http://nerdist.com/you-made-it-weird-275-keegan-michael-key/|publisher=Nerdist Podcast|accessdate=October 9, 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Keegan-Michael Key Has Learned That He And Dwayne McDuffie Were Half Brothers|url=http://www.bleedingcool.com/2015/09/18/keegan-michael-kay-has-learned-that-he-and-dwayne-mcduffie-were-half-brothers/|publisher=Bleeding Cool|accessdate=October 9, 2015}} 7. ^"Bullpen Bulletins", Marvel Comics cover-dated June 1990. 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 Fox, Margalit (February 23, 2011). [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/24/arts/design/24mcduffie.html "Dwayne McDuffie, Comic-Book Writer, Dies at 49"]. The New York Times. [https://www.webcitation.org/5wmz1bGKK?url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/24/arts/design/24mcduffie.html?_r=1 WebCitation archive]. Print edition February 24, 2011, p. B12. 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2008/01/17/comic-book-urban-legends-revealed-138/|title=Comic Book Urban Legends Revealed #138|last=Cronin|first=Brian|date=February 18, 2008|publisher=Comic Book Resources|accessdate=2009-08-11}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://dwaynemcduffie.com/scripts/|title=Comic Book Scripts, DwayneMcDuffie.com|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321120657/http://dwaynemcduffie.com/scripts/|archivedate=March 21, 2012|df=mdy-all}} 11. ^"Public Record: Divorce Orders", Orlando Sentinel, January 13, 1991. [https://www.webcitation.org/5wn25uOAk?url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1991-01-13/news/9101100528_1_robert-g-robert-n-robert-c WebCitation archive]. 12. ^"The Landmark of Milestone" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110228163542/http://dwaynemcduffie.com/comics/milestone/ |date=February 28, 2011 }}, DwayneMcDuffie.com. [https://www.webcitation.org/5whRB4YBY?url=http://dwaynemcduffie.com/ WebCitation archive] 13. ^1 {{cite web|first=Kiel|last=Phegley|url=http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=30969|title=Milestone Creator Dwayne McDuffie has Died|publisher=Valnet Inc.|work=Comic Book Resources|date=February 22, 2011|accessdate=February 22, 2011|location=United States|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5whQWxgt5?url=http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=30969|archivedate=February 23, 2011|df=mdy-all}} (requires scrolldown) 14. ^Cavna, Michael. "A Top Talent Remembered: RIP, Comics/Animation Force Dwayne McDuffie", The Washington Post, February 22, 2011. [https://www.webcitation.org/5whQxz7Dq?url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/comic-riffs/2011/02/a_top_talent_remembered_rip_co.html WebCitation archive]. 15. ^"McDuffie, Dwayne" at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators]. [https://www.webcitation.org/5whSl9mDv?url=http://www.maelmill-insi.de/UHBMCC/namm15.htm WebCitation archive]. 16. ^Justice League of America (DC, 2006 series) at the Grand Comics Database 17. ^Parkin, J. K. (May 28, 2009). "Dwayne McDuffie Fired from Justice League". "Robot 6", Comic Book Resources. [https://www.webcitation.org/5whSATYNr?url=http://robot6.comicbookresources.com/2009/05/dwayne-mcduffie-fired-from-justice-league/ WebCitation archive]. 18. ^McLellan, Dennis. "Dwayne McDuffie dies at 49; comic book and animation writer", Los Angeles Times, February 24, 2011. [https://www.webcitation.org/5x08VCqLK?url=http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-dwayne-mcduffie-20110224%2C0%2C2785918.story WebCitation archive]. 19. ^http://www.cbr.com/magruders-m-f-k-wins-first-dwayne-mcduffie-award-for-diversity/ 20. ^http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/diverse-comic-book-nominees-unveiled-863727 21. ^http://www.comicsbeat.com/the-dwayne-mcduffie-award-for-diversity-in-comics-announces-2017-judges/ 22. ^{{cite web|title=1995 Will Eisner Comic Industry Award Nominees and Winners|url=http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/eisner95.php|accessdate=2019-02-28}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=About Dwayne McDuffie|url=http://dwaynemcduffie.com/?page_id=19|publisher=http://dwaynemcduffie.com|accessdate=October 9, 2013}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=About Dwayne McDuffie|url=http://dwaynemcduffie.com/?page_id=19|publisher=dwaynemcduffie.com|accessdate=October 9, 2013}} 25. ^{{cite web|title=Inkpot Awards|url=http://www.comic-con.org/awards/inkpot|publisher=Comic-Con|accessdate=October 9, 2013}} 26. ^Fernandez, Jay A. (November 17, 2011). "Dwayne McDuffie and Earl Kress to Receive WGAW Animation Writing Award". The Hollywood Reporter. External links
Matt Wayne (editor) | years=1993 (writer) (editor)}}{{Succession box| title=Hardware writer/editor| before=None | after=Adam Blaustein (writer) Matt Wayne (editor) | years=1993–1994 (writer) 1993 (editor)}}{{Succession box| title=Icon writer| before=None | after=None | years=1993–1997}}{{Succession box| title=Static writer/editor| before=None | after=Robert L. Washington III (writer) Jacqueline Ching (editor)| years=1993 (writer) (editor)}}{{Succession box| title=Shadow Cabinet writer/editor| before=None | after=Robert L. Washington III (writer) None (editor) | years=1994 (with Robert L. Washington III) (writer) (editor)}}{{Succession box| title=Xombi writer/editor| before=None | after=John Rozum (writer) Jacqueline Ching (editor) | years=1994 (writer) (editor)}}{{Succession box| title=Hardware writer| before=Adam Blaustein & Yves Fezzani | after=John Rozum | years=1995}}{{Succession box| title=X-O Manowar (vol 2) writer| before=Brian Augustyn | after=None | years=1998}}{{Succession box| title=Static Shock! Rebirth of the Cool writer/editor| before=Mark D. Bright (writer) Matt Wayne (editor) (in 1997) | after=None | years=2001}}{{Succession box| title=Legends of the Dark Knight writer| before=Mike Baron | after=John Ostrander | years=2002}}{{Succession box| title=Legends of the Dark Knight writer| before=John Arcudi | after=Tom Peyer | years=2003}}{{Succession box| title=Firestorm writer| before=Stuart Moore | after=N/A | years=2007}}{{Succession box| title=Fantastic Four writer| before=J. Michael Straczynski | after=Mark Millar | years=2007–2008}}{{Succession box| title=Justice League of America writer| before=Brad Meltzer | after= Len Wein | years=2007–2009}}{{S-end}}{{Milestone Media}}{{DC Animated Universe}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:McDuffie, Dwayne}} 13 : Writers from Detroit|American comics writers|Comic book editors|African-American writers|American writers|African-American comics creators|American comics creators|American television producers|Tisch School of the Arts alumni|University of Michigan alumni|Writers from California|1962 births|2011 deaths |
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