| 词条 | Pierce M. B. Young |
| 释义 |
|name= Pierce Manning Butler Young |birth_date= {{birth date|1836|11|15}} |death_date= {{death date and age|1896|7|6|1836|11|15}} |image= PMBYoung.jpg |caption= |nickname= |birth_place= Spartanburg, South Carolina |death_place= New York City |placeofburial= |placeofburial_label= Place of burial |allegiance={{flag|Confederate States of America}} |branch= {{army|CSA}} |serviceyears= 1861–1865 |rank= Major General |unit= |commands= Young's Cavalry Division Young's Cavalry Brigade Cobb's Legion |battles={{plainlist|
Maryland Campaign{{WIA}} Gettysburg Campaign Bristoe Campaign Mine Run Campaign Overland Campaign Carolinas Campaign }} |awards= |relations= |laterwork= U.S. Congressman }} Pierce Manning Butler Young (November 15, 1836 – July 6, 1896) was a Major General in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and a post-war politician, diplomat, and four-term United States Congressman from Georgia. Early life and careerYoung was born at Spartanburg, South Carolina on November 15, 1836.[1] His father, Dr. R. M. Young, was a son of Capt. William Young, a soldier in the American Revolution under George Washington. When Pierce was a small boy, his father moved to Bartow County, Georgia, and enlisted private tutors for his children.[1] At the age of thirteen, Young entered the Georgia Military Institute in Marietta, and graduated in 1856.[1] He subsequently briefly studied law. In 1857, he was appointed to the United States Military Academy but resigned only two months before graduation due to Georgia's secession.[2][1] Civil WarReturning home in early 1861, he was appointed Second Lieutenant in the 1st Georgia Infantry regiment, but declined that commission for the same rank in the artillery. In July, he was promoted to First Lieutenant and was attached to the staff of General Braxton Bragg at Pensacola, Florida. He was at the same time aide-de-camp to Gen. W. H. T. Walker. In July, Young was appointed adjutant of the Georgia Legion, better known as Cobb's Legion, and was promoted to Major in September and to Lieutenant Colonel in November, commanding the cavalry portion of the legion.[3] Young's cavalry was attached to Wade Hampton's brigade of J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry division in the Army of Northern Virginia in 1862.[3] He was distinguished for "remarkable gallantry," as Stuart expressed it, in the Maryland Campaign.[3][4] Promoted to Colonel, he rendered brilliant service at the Battle of Brandy Station and participated in the cavalry operations of the Gettysburg Campaign.[3][4][5] In early August, he was wounded in another fight near Brandy Station. In October, he was promoted to Brigadier General and assigned command of Hampton's old brigade, consisting of the 1st and 2nd South Carolina cavalry regiments, the Cobb Legion, Jeff Davis Legion and Phillips' Legion.[3][5][6] He was actively engaged during the Bristoe and Mine Run Campaigns, where on October 12, 1863, by adroit maneuvering, he compelled an enemy division to recross the Rappahannock River.[2] An admiring Stuart reported, "The defeat of an expedition which might have proved so embarrassing entitles the officers who effected it to the award of distinguished skill and generalship."[2][5] In 1864, Young played a prominent part in the Overland Campaign in Virginia, and when Hampton assumed command of the cavalry after Stuart's death at Yellow Tavern, he temporarily took Hampton's place as division commander.[5] In November, Young was sent to Augusta to gather reinforcements and aid in the defense of that city, threatened by William T. Sherman. Promoted to Major General in December, he was actively engaged in the defense of Savannah and the 1865 campaign in the Carolinas under General Hampton until the close of the war.[2][6] Postbellum careerAfter the war, he returned to Georgia and lived as a planter.[1] He was elected to the US House of Representatives, as a Democrat for four terms (1868-1875).[1][7] Young ran for a fifth term, but was defeated by the Grange-backed candidate William Harrell Felton. Young was appointed United States commissioner to the Paris Exposition in 1878.[1] He served as consul-general at St. Petersburg, Russia (1885–87) and as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Guatemala and Honduras (1893-1896) by appointment of President Grover Cleveland.[1] Young died on July 6, 1896, in New York City, with interment in Oak Hill Cemetery, Cartersville, Georgia[1][2] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{citeweb|url=https://history.house.gov/People/Listing/Y/YOUNG,-Pierce-Manning-Butler-(Y000048)/|title=Pierce Manning Butler Young 1836–1896|publisher=U.S. House of Representatives - Office of the Historian|date=|accessdate=March 31, 2019}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|author=Lynwood M. Holland|title=Pierce M. B. Young: The Warwick of the South|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zr_hDC-FHTwC|date=1 August 2009|publisher=University of Georgia Press|isbn=978-0-8203-3445-5}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{citeweb|url=http://markerhunter.wordpress.com/2015/10/20/shock-action-of-cavalry/|title=The most important hand-to-hand contest” of the war on Fleetwood Hill: Shock action of cavalry at Brandy Station|publisher=To The Sound Of Guns|author=Craig Swain|date=October 20, 2015|accessdate=March 31, 2019}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|author=Major Henry Brainerd McClellan|title=The Life and Campaigns of Major-General J. E. B. Stuart, Commander of the Cavalry of the Army of Northern Virginia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JzxLAAAAYAAJ|year=1885|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin|page=277}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author=Alonzo Gray|title=Cavalry Tactics as Illustrated by the War of the Rebellion: Together with Many Interesting Facts Important for Cavalry to Know|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mKFDAAAAIAAJ|year=1910|publisher=U.S. Cavalry Association}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|author=Darrell L. Collins|title=The Army of Northern Virginia: Organization, Strength, Casualties, 1861-1865|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TGUuCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA90|date=11 December 2015|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-2364-1|page=90}} 7. ^{{cite book|author=United States. Congress. House|title=Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7gZFAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA707|year=1873|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|page=707}} See also{{Portal|United States Army|American Civil War|Biography}}
External links
|state = Georgia |district = 7 |before= American Civil War |after= Reclaimed seat |years= July 25, 1868 - March 3, 1869}}{{USRepSuccessionBox |state = Georgia |district = 7 |before= Self, seat vacated |after= William H. Felton |years= December 22, 1870 - March 3, 1875}}{{s-dip}}{{s-bef |before = Romualdo Pacheco |rows = 2}}{{s-ttl |title = United States Minister to Guatemala |years = June 12, 1893–May 23, 1896}}{{s-aft |after = Macgrane Coxe |rows = 2}} |-{{s-ttl |title = United States Minister to Honduras |years = November 12, 1893–May 23, 1896}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Young, Pierce M. B.}} 15 : 1836 births|1896 deaths|Ambassadors of the United States to Guatemala|Ambassadors of the United States to Honduras|Confederate States Army major generals|Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives|Georgia (U.S. state) Democrats|Members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state)|Military history of the American Civil War|People from Bartow County, Georgia|Politicians from Spartanburg, South Carolina|People of Georgia (U.S. state) in the American Civil War|United States Military Academy alumni|19th-century American diplomats|19th-century American politicians |
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