| 词条 | Pinal Airpark |
| 释义 |
| name = Pinal County Airpark | image = Pinal Airpark 2006 Topo.jpg | nativename = {{smaller|Marana Army Airfield}} | nativename-a = | nativename-r = | image-width = 250 | caption = 2006 USGS aerial image | IATA = MZJ | ICAO = KMZJ | FAA = MZJ | type = Public | owner = Pinal County | operator = | city-served = Marana, Arizona | location = | elevation-f = 1,893 | elevation-m = 577 | coordinates = {{Coord|32|30|35|N|111|19|31|W|region:US-AZ_type:airport|display=inline,title}} | website = https://pinalcountyairpark.com/ | pushpin_map = Arizona#USA | pushpin_mapsize = 250 | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Pinal Airpark | pushpin_label = KMZJ | pushpin_label_position = bottom | built = 1942 | r1-number = 12/30 | r1-length-f = 6,849 | r1-length-m = 2,088 | r1-surface = Asphalt | stat-year = 2004 | stat1-header = Aircraft operations | stat1-data = 10,628 | footnotes = Source: US Federal Aviation Administration[1] }}Pinal Airpark {{airport codes|MZJ|KMZJ|MZJ}} is a county-owned, public-use airport located {{convert|8|mi|nmi km}} northwest of the central business district of Marana, in Pinal County, Arizona, United States.[1] Its primary function serves as a boneyard for civilian commercial aircraft, where the area's dry desert climate mitigates corrosion of the aircraft. It is the largest commercial aircraft storage and heavy maintenance facility in the world.[2] Even so, many aircraft which are brought there wind up being scrapped. Nearby the 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base provides the same service to the United States Federal Government. Aircraft at Pinal Airpark include those formerly operated by Delta Air Lines, Northwest Airlines, Aerosur, Hellenic, Surinam Airways,[3] and other carriers.{{Additional citation needed|date=August 2018}} HistoryBuilt in 1942 by the Sundt & Del Webb Construction Companies and opened in March 1943, the facility was known as Marana Army Air Field. During World War II, the airfield was under the command of the 389th Army Air Force Base Unit, AAF West Coast Training Center and used as a training base, as part of the 50,000 Pilot Training Program. Marana conducted basic flight training & the training of transport pilots in instrument flying and navigation, being the home of the 3024th (Pilot School, Basic). Chinese pilots were also trained there. Five satellite airfields were established for Marana during World War II:
The infrastructure installed at Marana during World War II was extensive. This included water, sewer, and gas systems that were still used until some problems developed in the 1990s. There was also a massive storm drain system. The airfield also had a railroad spur line and railroad station. Marana was closed after World War II and in 1948, after the establishment of the U.S. Air Force as an independent service, Pinal County accepted a deed to the property, subsequent to the Air Force's disposal of most of the buildings, waterlines, gas lines, and electrical lines. From 1948-51, Pinal County leased the property to multiple tenants, and from 1951–56, Marana was reused as a contractor-operated USAF basic flying school, operated by Darr Aeronautical Technical Company. Marana became the headquarters of all Central Intelligence Agency air operations during the Vietnam War years, when it was the primary facility of Intermountain Airlines, a wholly owned CIA "front" company which was used to supply covert operations in Southeast Asia and elsewhere. Intermountain was infamous for its thinly veiled CIA special ops which included development and use of the Fulton Skyhook, but its cover was its non-scheduled freight and maintenance operations. Marana was the principal continental United States maintenance base for Southeast Asia CIA operations including Air America and Continental Air Services. One of the more notable aircraft assigned to Marana during its CIA years was a Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress, AAF Serial 44-85531. 531 was registered September 1957 to Western Enterprises, Inc. of Taiwan (founded by the CIA in 1951). In late 1957 missions were staged from Kurmitola Air Field in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) to parachute agents into Tibet. The aircraft was disassembled for parts at Clark Air Base, Philippines between March and October 1958, and it is believed that this plane was eventually scrapped. The serial number 44-85531 appeared again as registered on another B-17G, 1 September 1960 registered to Atlantic General Enterprise, Washington DC (another CIA front) as N809Z. These registration numbers were then changed to the true numbers of 44-83785. Based again at Marana, this aircraft later flew black operations over Vietnam and was used to retrieve two American agents from an abandoned Soviet scientific base in the Arctic using the Fulton Skyhook in Operation Coldfeet. Current usagePinal Airpark is the home of Silverbell Army Heliport (SAHP) and the private companies: Marana Aerospace Solutions, Aircraft Demolition, and Jet Yard. The Western Army National Guard Aviation Training Site (WAATS) and other numerous Army National Guard units are located inside SAHP. WAATS discontinued training of the AH-64 Apache attack helicopter at the site in 2012.[4] Pinal Airpark also hosts the US Special Operations Command's Parachute Training and Testing Facility.[5] On 28 March 2013, Navy SEAL Brett Shadle was killed during parachute training here and another SEAL was injured.[6] Since the early 2010s, airport economic development director Jim Petty has opened the facility to the public, giving free tours of the airport and the airplanes stored there.[7] Facilities and aircraftPinal Airpark covers an area of {{convert|1,508|acre|ha|lk=on}} at an elevation of 1,893 feet (577 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 12/30 with an asphalt surface measuring 6,849 by 150 feet (2,088 x 46 m). For the 12-month period ending 31 January 2004, the airport had 10,628 aircraft operations, an average of 29 per day: 69% general aviation and 31% military.[1] See also{{Portal| Military of the United States | United States Air Force | World War II }}
References1. ^1 2 {{FAA-airport|ID=MZJ|use=PU|own=PU|site=00728.*A}}. Federal Aviation Administration. Effective 8 April 2010. 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/aircraft/storage/prweb9213530.htm |title=Evergreen Maintenance Center, Inc. Appoints Colin Buxton As Vice President of Sales And Marketing |publisher=Prweb.com |date= |accessdate=2014-01-12}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.airliners.net/photo/Surinam-Airways/Boeing-747-306M/2318567/ |title=Photos: Boeing 747-306M Aircraft Pictures |website=Airliners.net |date=2013-05-21 |accessdate=2016-02-14}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.az.ngb.army.mil/waats/09092003_1.asp?waats_id=8 |accessdate=June 13, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070623025128/http://www.az.ngb.army.mil/waats/09092003_1.asp?waats_id=8 |archivedate=June 23, 2007 }} 5. ^Arizona Daily Star (Tucson), September 7, 2008, p. 1. 6. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/30/brett-shadle-dead-dies_n_2984788.html |title=Brett Shadle Dead: Navy SEAL Killed In Arizona Parachuting Accident |publisher=Huffingtonpost.com |date= 30 March 2013|accessdate=2014-01-12}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.azcentral.com/story/travel/road-trips/2015/03/27/pinal-airpark-secretive-aircraft-boneyard-slowly-opens-gates/70499204/ |title=Pinal Airpark: Once-secretive aircraft boneyard slowly opens its gates |website=Azcentral.com |date=2015-03-27 |accessdate=2016-02-14}} Other sources{{Refbegin}}
External links{{Commons category|Pinal Airpark}}{{Commons category|Marana Army Airfield}}
{{Arizona during World War II}}{{USAAF Training Bases World War II}}{{Airports with boneyards}} 10 : 1942 establishments in Arizona|Airports established in 1942|Airports in Pinal County, Arizona|World War II airfields in the United States|Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces in Arizona|Aircraft boneyards|USAAF Western Flying Training Command|American Theater of World War II|Aviation in Arizona|Del E. Webb buildings |
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