| 词条 | Pipunculidae |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = {{Fossilrange|Ypresian|recent| Ypresian - Present}} | image = Verrallia aucta.jpg | image_caption = Verrallia aucta, Chalarinae | taxon = Pipunculidae | synonyms =
| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies | subdivision =
}} Pipunculidae is a family of flies (Diptera) commonly termed big-headed flies, a reference to the large (holoptic) eyes, which cover nearly the entire head. The family is found worldwide and more than 1300 species have been described. The larvae of Pipunculidae develop as parasitoids almost exclusively in Auchenorrhyncha, the exception being the genus Nephrocerus, whose hosts are adult Tipulidae (crane flies). The larvae develop rapidly within the crane flies before pupating in the soil.[1] In all pipunculids there are only two larval stages. Some species are used as biological control agents in rice fields. TaxonomyTaxonomy as shown at the Tree of life,[2] with modification based on Kehlmaier, Dierick and Skevington (2014).[3] Subfamily Chalarinae
Subfamily Nephrocerinae
Subfamily {{extinct}}Protonephrocerinae
Subfamily Pipunculinae
GallerySee alsoList of British PipunculidaeReferences1. ^{{Cite journal|author=Koenig, D.P. & C.W. Young.|date=January 2007|title=First observation of parasitic relations between bigheaded flies of the genus Nephrocerus (Diptera: Pipunculidae) and crane flies of the genus Tipula (Diptera: Tupulidae: Tipulinae), with larval and puparial descriptions of Nephrocerus atrapilus Skevington.|pages=52–65|publisher=Allen Press/The Entomological Society of Washington|journal= Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington|volume=109|issue=1 |location = Washington DC| issn = 0013-8797}} 2. ^Pipunculidae at the Tree of life 3. ^{{cite journal |last1=Kehlmaier |first1=C |last2=Dierick |first2=M |last3=Skevington |first3=JH |year=2014 |title=Micro-CT studies of amber inclusions reveal internal genitalic features of big-headed flies, enabling a systematic placement of Metanephrocerus Aczel, 1948 (Insecta: Diptera: Pipunculidae) |journal=Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny |volume=72 |issue=1 |pages=23–36}} External links{{Wikispecies|Pipunculidae}}
2 : Pipunculidae|Brachycera families |
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