| 词条 | Podlaskie Voivodeship (1513–1795) |
| 释义 |
|conventional_long_name = Podlaskie Voivodeship |common_name = Podlaskie |native_name = {{lang-pl|Województwo Podlaskie}} |subdivision = Voivodeship |nation = Poland¹ |year_start = 1513 |event_end = Third partition |year_end = 1795 |date_end = 24 October |p1 = Trakai Voivodeship |image_p1 = |p2 = Berestia |flag_p2 = |s1 = Białystok Department |flag_s1 = Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1750-1801).svg |s2 = West Galicia |flag_s2 = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg |image_coat = POL województwo podlaskie IRP COA.svg |image_map = RON województwo podlaskie map.svg |image_map_caption = The Podlaskie Voivodeship in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1619. |capital = Drohiczyn |stat_area1 = |stat_year1 = |stat_pop1 = |political_subdiv = 3 lands, which were equivalent to counties |footnotes = ¹ Voivodeship of the Kingdom of Poland in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Voivodeship of Grand Duchy of Lithuania before 1569. }} The Podlaskie Voivodeship was formed in 1513 by Sigismund I the Old as a voivodeship in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, from a split off part of the Trakai Voivodeship.[1][2] After Lithuania's union with the Kingdom of Poland in 1569 and formation of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the voivodeship was transferred to the Polish Crown,[3][4] where it belonged to the Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown. DescriptionIn ca. 1274, the historical Podlasie region was added to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In 1391 the Polish King and Lithuanian Grand Duke Jogaila attempted to transfer the region to Duke Vytautas' brother-in-law, Janusz I of Warsaw, Duke of Masovia, but from 1413 on Podlaskie was managed as part of the Grand Duchy's Trakai Voivodeship. After the administrative reform of 1514, Podlaskie was isolated from Trakai Voivodeship as a separate voivodeship, with the capital at the town of Drohiczyn. King of Poland Sigismund gave a privilege to Iwan Sapieha to form a government of Podlaskie Voivodeship on 29 August 1513.[2] It originally consisted of following former Trakai lands Drohoczin, Mielnik, Bielsk, and Brzesc.[2] In 1566 based on Brzesc lands there was formed separate Brest Litovsk Voivodeship.[2] In 1569, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund II Augustus transferred Podlaskie voivodeship, together with the Kiev, Volyn and Braclaw Voivodeships to the Polish Crown. Podlaskie remained part of Poland until the Partitions of Poland. In 1795 it was divided between the Kingdom of Prussia (north) and Russian Empire (lunch), but in 1807 its whole territory was annexed by Russia, where it remained in 1918. Zygmunt Gloger gives the following description of Podlasie Voivodeship: “Historic Podlasie stretched from north to south for some 30 miles, and was located between Mazovia and Rus principalities of Brzesc and Grodno (...) It was a sparsely populated province, covered by dense forests, with four major rivers: the Biebrza, the Narew, the Bug and the Krzna. Due to population growth in Mazovia and Rus, Podlasie became a settlement area - Mazovians settled near Tykocin, Rajgrod and Goniadz, while Ruthenians settled near Bielsk Podlaski. In northern districts of Podlasie, near Augustow, the Yotvingians resided (...) After the 1241 Mongol invasion of Poland, Podlasie turned into a desert, with population decimated by Asiatic hordes. Poles did not return here until the late 13th century, despite the fact that the province was already controlled by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (...) King Sigismund I the Old created Podlasie Voivodeship, which was part of Lithuania, but in 1569 was transferred to Poland, after the Union of Lublin (...) After the third partition of Poland, most of the voivodeship was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia. When in 1815, Congress Poland was divided into new provinces, the Podlasie Voivodeship was re-created, but it covered only a small part of Podlasie itself, together with areas belonging to historic Mazovia, Polesie and Lesser Poland. As a result, boundaries of Podlasie proper changed. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the voivodeship had two senators, who were the voivode and the castellan of Podlasie. It was divided into three lands, those of Drohiczyn, Bielsko and Mielnik. Each land had its own regional government, and elected two envoys to the Sejm. Furthermore, the voivodeship sent two deputies to the Lesser Poland Tribunal at Lublin or Radom”. Administrative SubdivisionsThe Voivodeship consisted of the following ziemias:
HeraldryThe emblem of the region is connected by two arms of Polish and Lithuanian – an eagle without a crown on a red field, and Lithuanian knight. VoivodesThe governor of the Podlaskie Voivodeship was first located in Bielsk Podlaski, but later moved to Drohiczyn. Voivodes included
References1. ^Volumina Legum T. II s. 77 2. ^1 2 3 4 Mykhailovskyi, V. Podlaskie Voivodeship (ПІДЛЯСЬКЕ ВОЄВОДСТВО). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0521559170&id=NpMxTvBuWHYC&vq=Lublin&dq=Union+of+Lublin&lpg=PA63&pg=PA64&sig=y527sUhbGjuW06QxDCIWbZtoZOg] 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&vid=ISBN0195121791&id=KRjcXHliMpcC&pg=PA137&lpg=PA137&dq=Union+of+Lublin&sig=uqrEC1Ob3PQ0rGtMpffsV7XA9lo]
4 : Former voivodeships of Lithuania|Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|1513 establishments in Lithuania|1795 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth |
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