| 词条 | Polar fleece |
| 释义 |
Polar fleece is a soft napped insulating fabric made from polyester. UsesPolar fleece is used in jackets, hats, sweaters, sweatpants, cloth diapers (nappies), gym clothes, hoodies, blankets, and high-performance outdoor clothing. It can be made partially from recycled plastic bottles and is very light, soft, and easy to wash. Polar fleece can stretch more easily in one direction than in others.[1] HistoryPolar fleece originated in Massachusetts in 1979 when Malden Mills, (now Polartec LLC), and Patagonia developed Synchilla (synthetic chinchilla).[2] It was a new, light, strong pile fabric meant to mimic, and in some ways surpass, wool. Company CEO Aaron Feuerstein intentionally declined to patent polar fleece, allowing the material to be produced cheaply and widely by many vendors, leading to the material's quick and wide acceptance.[3][4][5] CharacteristicsA lightweight, warm and soft fabric, fleece has some of wool's good qualities but weighs a fraction of the lightest available woolens. Polar fleece garments traditionally come in different thicknesses: micro, 100, 200, and 300, with 300 being the thickest and least flexible. It is hydrophobic, holding less than 1% of its weight in water. It retains much of its insulating quality even when wet. It is machine washable and dries quickly. It is a good alternative to wool for those who are allergic or sensitive to wool. It can also be made out of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, or even recycled fleece. Regular polar fleece is not windproof[6] and does not absorb moisture (although this is often seen as a benefit, per above).[7][8][9] Fleece readily generates static electricity, which causes the accumulation of lint, dust, and pet hair. It is also susceptible to damage from high temperature washing, tumble drying, or ironing under unusual conditions. Lower-quality polyester fleece material is also prone to pilling. Environmental issues{{see|plastic pollution}}Berners-Lee reckons the average greenhouse gas footprint of European polar fleece carpets at 5.55 kg CO2 equivalent per kilo. This gives it almost the same carbon footprint as wool but with greater durability.[10] Non-recycled fleece is made from non-renewable petroleum derivatives. Even if made of recycled materials, fleece relies on a continued production of non-renewable fossil fuels for the raw material. When fleece goes through the laundry, it generates microplastics that become part of domestic waste water.[11] Municipal waste water systems often discharge into rivers and oceans. PET does not biodegrade, and suspended microplastics are easily ingested by marine life, thus entering the food chain. See also
References1. ^Polar Fleece history and the history of pile fabrics 2. ^{{Cite news|title = The Evolution of Fleece, From Scratchy to Snuggie|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/27/magazine/fleece-scratchy-to-snuggie.html|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 2011-11-25|access-date = 2015-08-03|issn = 0362-4331|first = Hilary|last = Greenbaum|first2 = Dana|last2 = Rubinstein}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://citizensforabetternorwood.blogspot.com/2009/03/xavier-hosting-aaron-feuerstein-on.html|title=Xavier hosting Aaron Feuerstein on March 30|date=2009-06-29|publisher=Citizens For A Better Norwood}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.aish.com/ci/be/48881397.html|title=Mr. Feuerstein is a legend in the corporate world, keeping his employees on the payroll until the plant could be rebuilt after a fire. His company went bankrupt, and was purchased out of bankruptcy, yet he doesn't regret a thing.|date=2002-06-22|author=Rabbi Avi Shafran}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YcWLXBXaD8|title=Aaron Feuerstein|date=2006-07-07}} 6. ^Polartec Windpro web page {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217143416/http://polartec.com/shelter/polartec-wind-pro/ |date=2012-02-17 }} 7. ^Columbia Layering Guide for Warmth and Comfort by Frank Ross {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090321122759/http://www.frank-ross-outdoor-info.com/buyers_guides/columbia_layering_gd.php |date=2009-03-21 }} 8. ^Choosing and Using a Quarter Sheet. Discussion of characteristics of wool vs. fleece 9. ^Moisture Buffering {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025144058/http://www.csiro.au/files/files/p50w.pdf |date=2007-10-25 }} 10. ^Mike Berners-Lee, How Bad are Bananas? The Carbon Footprint of Everything (London: Profile, 2010), p. 112 (table 6.1), https://books.google.is/books?id=zs13m5JquBwC&. 11. ^ Hartline, N.L., Bruce, N.J., Karba S.N., Ruff, E.O., Sonar, S.U., and Holden, P.A. (2016) Microfiber Masses Recovered from Conventional Machine Washing of New or Aged Garments, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 50, No.21, pp.11532-11538, https://brenmicroplastics.weebly.com/project-findings.html External links
4 : American inventions|Pile fabrics|Technical fabrics|1990s fashion |
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