| 词条 | Pole cell |
| 释义 |
PurposeIn early Drosophila development, the first 13 cells pass through mitosis are nuclear divisions (karyokinesis) without cytokinesis, resulting in a multinucleate cell (generally referred to as a syncytium, but strictly a coenocyte[1]). Pole cells are the cells that form at the polar ends of the Drosophila egg, which begin the adult germ cells.[2] Pole plasm functions to bud the development of polar cells as well as restore fertilization, even when the cell was previously sterile.[3] FormationDuring early development of the Drosophila development, pole plasm assembles at the posterior pole of the Drosophila embryo, allowing determination of the abdominal patterning. Late in oogenesis, polar organelles, which are electro-negative granules, are in the pole plasm. When the pole plasm further matures, it continues to consist of polar granules into the development of germ cells, which develop into adult germ cells.[4] Serine protease activity occurs less than 2 hours after the budding of the pole cells from the pole plasm, and ending just prior to the movement of the pole cells via gastrulation.[5] Pole cells begin their migration in a cluster in the midgut primordium. To reach their final destination, pole cells must migrate through the epithelial wall. It is known that the cells migrate through the epithelial wall, but little is known about the mechanisms used to do so.[6] Formation disruption{{Empty section|date=March 2019}}References1. ^Willmer, P. G. (1990). Invertebrate Relationships : Patterns in Animal Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. {{cell-cycle-stub}}2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Saito|first=Kuniaki|date=2013|title=The epigenetic regulation of transposable elements by PIWI-interacting RNAs in Drosophila|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1266/ggs.88.9|journal=Genes & Genetic Systems|volume=88|issue=1|pages=9–17|doi=10.1266/ggs.88.9|issn=1341-7568}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Kobayashi|first=Satoru|last2=Okada|first2=Masukichi|date=August 1989|title=Mitochondrial lrRNA sequences restore pole cell-forming ability to UV-sterilized embryos|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0922-3371(89)90382-1|journal=Cell Differentiation and Development|volume=27|pages=123|doi=10.1016/0922-3371(89)90382-1|issn=0922-3371}} 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Harria|first=Adam|last2=Macdonald|first2=Paul|date=2001|title=aubergine encodes a Drosophila polar granule component required for pole cell formation and related to eIF2C|url=|journal=Development|volume=128|pages=2823–2832|via=}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jakobsen|first=Rasmus Kragh|last2=Ono|first2=Shin|last3=Powers|first3=James C.|last4=DeLotto|first4=Robert|date=2004-12-18|title=Fluorescently labeled inhibitors detect localized serine protease activities in Drosophila melanogaster pole cells, embryos, and ovarian egg chambers|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-004-0734-5|journal=Histochemistry and Cell Biology|volume=123|issue=1|pages=51–60|doi=10.1007/s00418-004-0734-5|issn=0948-6143}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Callaini|first=Giuliano|last2=Riparbelli|first2=Maria Giovanna|last3=Dallai|first3=Romano|date=August 1995|title=Pole Cell Migration through the Gut Wall of the Drosophila Embryo: Analysis of Cell Interactions|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1995.1222|journal=Developmental Biology|volume=170|issue=2|pages=365–375|doi=10.1006/dbio.1995.1222|issn=0012-1606}} 1 : Mitosis |
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