| 词条 | Police Benevolent Association of the City of New York |
| 释义 |
| name = NYC PBA | full_name = Police Benevolent Association of the City of New York | native_name = | native_name_lang = | motto = | mottoeng = | image = Police Benevolent Association badge.png | founded = 1892 | predecessor = | successor = | current = | dissolved_date = | dissolved_state = | merged_into = | members = 23,810 (2017)[1] | country = United States | head = | affiliation = NAPO | people = Patrick J. Lynch, president | office = 125 Broad Street, 11th Floor New York, NY 10004-2400 | website = {{URL|nycpba.org}} | footnotes = }} The Police Benevolent Association of the City of New York (NYC PBA) is the largest labor union representing police officers of the New York City Police Department.[2] It represents about 24,000 of the department's 36,000 officers.[2] The union was unable to reach a labor contract with the city between 2012 and 2017.[3] Several representatives of the association sit on the board of the New York City Police Pension Fund.[4] On January 14, 2019, the Patrolmen's Benevolent Association of the City of New York changed their name to the gender neutral Police Benevolent Association of the City of New York.[5] HistoryAs a benevolent or fraternal organization, the New York City's Patrolmen's Benevolent Association was founded in 1892. In 1901 it pushed for and got an 8-hour workday.[6] In 1967 New York state passed the Taylor Law, which sets the rules for municipal union organization with regard to representation and bargaining. New York City set up the Office of Collective Bargaining for municipal union demands.[7] Relationship with Mayor John LindsayThe PBA was successful in its campaign to defeat Mayor John Lindsay's proposed Civilian Complaint Review Board in 1967.[6] After a SBA (NYPD Sergeant's Benevolent Association) lawsuit which was expected to succeed failed, officers who had been expecting a favorable settlement began a wildcat strike.[8] This unplanned police strike of 1971 was in violation of the Taylor Act which prohibits police from engaging in job actions.[9][10] The PBA publicly disavowed the strike.[11] In 1973, the city allowed women to work street patrols. The association was opposed to the change claiming women lacked the strength to back up male officers.[12] Relationship with Mayor Edward KochIn January 1978, Mayor Koch prohibited city agencies from discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. Samuel DeMilia, then the president of the association, explained in an article in the New York Times that the order was "unworkable in the police department and can do more harm than good." [13] Relationship with Mayor David DinkinsIn September 1992, the Patrolmen's Benevolent Association organized a rally of thousands of police officers who blocked the Brooklyn Bridge to protest police oversight proposed by Mayor David Dinkins. Other uniformed officers jumped over police barricades to rush City Hall. Some were openly drinking, damaging cars and physically attacking journalists from the New York Times on the scene. On-duty officers did little to control the riot.[14][15] Rescue and recovery work at the World Trade CenterMany officers perished at the Twin Towers during the September 11, 2001 attacks in Lower Manhattan. Scores more were exposed to toxins—produced by the collapse of the Twin Towers—in the course of their work-shifts during the Rescue and recovery effort after the September 11, 2001 attacks at Ground Zero. Surviving first responders and their advocates are asserting that their illnesses resulted from exposure to toxins at Ground Zero. The PBA filed a lawsuit to secure benefits for Officer Christopher Hynes, 36. In March 2004 he was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. However, the NYPD has refused to bestow line-of-duty injury status to him. Hynes had worked for 111 hours at Ground Zero and its vicinity. He claims that he was never given a proper respirator for his work at Ground Zero. He has had difficulty in paying medical bills because of the denial of line-of-duty status. The PBA noted that firefighters, by contrast, have been given line-of-duty status for their injuries.[16][17] Relationship with Mayor GiulianiPBA relations with Mayor Rudy Giuliani (mayoralty, 1994–2001) were marked by years of labor disputes. In 1997 it led a campaign asking Giuliani to not attend the funerals of city officers killed on duty.[14] The PBA urged members to resist the mayor's incentive pay initiative in 1998.[18] Additionally, in a five-year contract, officers were subject to a two-year freeze on salaries before seeing salaries increased 13 percent during the last years of the Giuliani tenure.[19] During November, 2007, in anticipation of the 2008 presidential election, PBA president Patrick Lynch criticized the relationship between Giuliani and the NYPD. He said that the union would not endorse Giuliani. He criticized the mayor on pay issues, saying, "The inability to keep veteran cops on the job or to recruit adequate numbers of new ones can be traced directly back to the Giuliani mayoralty." He added, "While the city was rolling in money, the Giuliani administration cried future poverty and stuck New York police officers with three and half years without a pay raise."[19] Lynch further asserted that "Rudy Giuliani has no real credentials as a terrorism fighter."[20] Statements on Eric Garner's deathPBA president Patrick Lynch blamed the death of Eric Garner on Mr. Garner's resistance to arrest.[21][22] Relationship with Mayor Bill de BlasioFollowing NYC Mayor Bill de Blasio's election in 2013, running largely on a message of reining in abusive NYPD tactics, including "Stop and Frisk", the PBA began actively organizing against Mayor de Blasio, accusing him of failing to support the NYPD, as it has charged other mayors over the decades.[14] Following the killing of two NYPD officers in Brooklyn on December 20, 2014 in an execution-style shooting, the PBA's anti-de Blasio activities reached an all-time high, with PBA President Patrick Lynch accusing Mayor de Blasio of having blood on his hands, and of encouraging violence against police and acting like the leader of a "f-ing revolution." Further, the PBA asked members to sign letters ordering the Mayor not to attend their funerals, should they perish in the line of duty.[14][23] PBA president Patrick Lynch urged the police to stick close to the rules to protect themselves.[24] Mr. Lynch's comments were much criticised.[25] In response, Mr. Lynch has said he views critics of the NYPD as "enemies" and has further stated that the NYPD is shifting to a "wartime" posture in response.[26] Many fear Lynch's comments will further inflame the more radical elements of his opposition, may serve to incite further acts of violence against the NYPD, and lead to further police abuses carried out as a result of the "wartime" posture.[27][28] On 31 January 2017, the city and the union reached an agreement on a new contract. If ratified by the union members, the contract calls for an 11% pay increase for police officers now on the force and cuts to officers hired in the future.[29] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|first=Tina|last=Moore|first2=Shawn|last2=Cohen|first3=Michael|last3=Gartland|first4=Yoav|last4=Gonen|title= PBA, City Hall reach tentative labor agreement|url=https://nypost.com/2017/01/31/pba-city-hall-reach-tentative-labor-agreement/|work=New York Post|date=2017-01-31|accessdate=2019-03-01}} 2. ^{{cite news|last1=Rosenberg|first1=Eli|last2=Goldman|first2=J. David|title=An Addition to de Blasio's Morning Coffee and Workout: Protesting Police Officers|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/03/nyregion/de-blasio-ymca-workout-police-protest.html?_r=0|accessdate=4 August 2016|publisher=New York Times|date=2 August 2016}} 3. ^{{cite news|last1=Neuman|first1=William|title=New York Officers and Mayor Reach Deal for 12 Percent Raise Over 5 Years|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/31/nyregion/new-york-officers-and-mayor-reach-deal-for-12-raise-over-5-years.html|accessdate=20 January 2018|publisher=New York Times|date=31 January 2017}} 4. ^Nyc.gov {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061004185041/http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycppf/html/boardoftrust.html |date=2006-10-04 }} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nycpba.org/news-items/chief/2019/pba-comes-a-long-way-finally-takes-men-out-of-name/|title=PBA Comes a Long Way, Finally Takes ‘Men’ Out of Name|website=www.nycpba.org|access-date=2019-01-26}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3yWgBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA329&lpg=PA329&dq=Patrolmen%27s+Benevolent+Association+founding&source=bl&ots=qEYw1PZ4Le&sig=Jn0KIc7J4gBvaVglPHRVPlJLh8U&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lTScVNv8DcfFgwSS_oCwAQ&ved=0CDEQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=Patrolmen's%20Benevolent%20Association%20founding&f=false|title=History of Criminal Justice|author=Mark Jones|author2= Peter Johnstone|page=329|year=2012|publisher=Routledge}} 7. ^{{cite book|page=118|title=Urban Politics New York Style|editor=Jewel Bellush|editor2=Dick Netzer|year=1990|publisher=New York University Press}} 8. ^BLUE FLU Cops on strike, December 1970 - January 1971 cHAPTER 384; by Jay Maeder, 25 June 2001, New York Daily News 9. ^{{cite news|title=Effort Intensified to Settle Police Strike|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XU4fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=k9EEAAAAIBAJ&dq=police-strike&pg=4562%2C4306999|accessdate=8 August 2012|newspaper=Daytona Beach Morning Journal|date=18 January 1971|agency=Associated Press|quote=As 20,000 city patrolmen refused to man their posts for a fourth day, negotiators intensified efforts Sunday to settle the walkout, spurred by a warning from the commissioner that his skeleton police force can keep going for only a few more days.}} 10. ^Edward J. Kiernan, 77, President Who Strengthened Police Union; by Wolfgang Saxon, 27 January 1999, New York Times 11. ^https://www.nycop.com/Jun_00/The_Police_Strike/body_the_police_strike.html 12. ^{{cite news|last1=Goldstein|first1=Richard|title=Gertrude Schimmel (Obituary)|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/13/nyregion/gertrude-schimmel-first-woman-named-an-nypd-chief-dies-at-96.html?ref=obituaries&_r=0|accessdate=14 May 2015|publisher=New York Times|date=13 May 2015}} 13. ^{{cite news|last1=Weber|first1=Bruce|title=Sam Ciccone, a Champion of Gay Police Officers, Dies at 71|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/18/nyregion/sam-ciccone-a-champion-of-gay-police-officers-dies-at-71.html?_r=0|accessdate=19 May 2015|publisher=New York Times|date=17 May 2015}} 14. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2014/12/nypd_killings_new_york_city_s_largest_police_union_thinks_it_s_under_attack.html|title=Déjà Blue|last=Voorhees|first=Josh|date=2014-12-22|newspaper=Slate|language=en-US|issn=1091-2339|access-date=2016-11-29}} 15. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/09/17/nyregion/officers-rally-and-dinkins-is-their-target.html|title=Officers Rally And Dinkins Is Their Target|last=Jr|first=James C. Mckinley|date=1992-09-17|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2016-11-29}} 16. ^1 {{cite news|author=David Seifman|title=PBA Sues to Boost 9/11 Air Victim|newspaper=New York Post|date=June 2, 2007|url=https://nypost.com/2007/06/02/pba-sues-to-boot-911-air-victim/}} 17. ^"Police Union Sues City Seeking Compensation For 9/11 Responder" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002945/http://www.ny1.com/ny1/content/index.jsp?stid=6&aid=70319 |date=2007-09-27 }}, ny1.com, June 1, 2007 18. ^The New York Times April 15, 1998 [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9906E4DB163CF936A25757C0A96E958260 "P.B.A. Urges Officers to Refuse Giuliani's Incentive Raises"] 19. ^1 Joshua Rhett Miller, "Cop Union Blasts Rudy: No '08 Endorsement from the Finest, Boss Says." Metro New York edition of Metro paper, November 13, 2007, p. 1 20. ^Carl Campanile, "COP RUNNETH OVER" New York Post November 12, 2007 21. ^The Huffington Post 22. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/12/04/new-york-mayor-bill-de-blasio-and-police-union-officials-clash-after-grand-jury-decision-in-eric-garners-death/ The Washington Post] 23. ^Newsday.com 24. ^Capitalnewyork.com 25. ^Nydailynews.com 26. ^Newsmax 27. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/dec/21/two-nypd-cops-killed-wartime-police-protesters The Guardian] 28. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/dec/20/two-nypd-officers-shot-dead-brooklyn-gunman-shoots-himself|title=Gunman murders two NYPD officers in Brooklyn before shooting himself|work=The Guardian|accessdate=21 December 2014}} 29. ^{{cite news|last1=Parascandola|first1=Rocco|last2=Durkin|first2=Erin|title=New York City reaches contract deal with largest police union|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/city-reaches-contract-deal-largest-union-sources-article-1.2960734|accessdate=1 February 2017|publisher=New York Daily News|date=31 January 2017}} External links
3 : New York City Police Department|Police unions|Trade unions established in 1892 |
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