“Polish Democratic Society”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Polish Democratic Society (Polish: Towarzystwo Demokratyczne Polskie, TDP) was a radical constitutionalist political organization established in Paris by émigrés from the Kingdom of Poland in 1832. While not explicitly socialist with respect to their political program, the Democratic Society nonetheless was influenced by French Utopian socialist thinking of the era and advocated the right of citizens to own land or other means of production.

The Polish Democratic Society continued in existence into the decade of the 1840s, when it was a leading voice for agrarian revolution in Galicia. It is recognized as a forerunner of the Polish socialist movement which culminated in the establishment of the Communist Party of Poland.

Organizational history

Establishment

The Polish Democratic Society (TDP) was established in the Kingdom of Poland in March 1832.^[1] The first program of the TDP, a so-called "Small Manifesto," was adopted on March 17, 1832, in Paris by a pair of the group's founders, Tadeusz Krępowiecki and Aleksandr Puławski.^[2] These individuals traced their organizational roots to earlier activity in the Polish National Committee established in 1831.

Program

The TDP argued for the need of drastic reforms in reconstituted Poland and published an official newspaper, Demokrata Polski (The Polish Democrat). The group gained support for its cause through its official slogan, "Everything by The People and for The People."^[1]

In 1846, some members of the Polish Democratic Society participated in the Krakow uprising. Other notable activists included Stanisław Worcell and Ludwik Mierosławski.

Termination

Footnotes

1. ^¹M.K. Dziewanowski, The Communist Party of Poland. Second edition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1976; pg. 3.
2. ^Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN (Universal Encyclopedia PWN). Third Edition. Warsaw: State Publishing House, 1987; pp. 514-515.