| 词条 | Pollachius pollachius |
| 释义 |
| name = Atlantic pollock | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | image = Pollachius pollachius aquarium.jpg | taxon = Pollachius pollachius | authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonyms = Gadus pollachius Linnaeus, 1758
}}Pollachius pollachius (Atlantic or European pollock) is a species of marine fish in the Pollachius genus. FAO uses the English name pollack for this species. Together with Pollachius virens, it may also be referred to as pollock. Other names include European pollock, lieu jaune, and lythe. It is common in the north-eastern parts of the Northern Atlantic, including the Bay of Biscay and North Sea. Adults can grow up to {{convert|130|cm|abbr=on}} and weigh up to {{convert|18.1|kg|abbr=on}}, although more commonly their maximum length is {{convert|75|cm|abbr=on}}.[2][3] Ecology and life historyPollack are fast-growing and relatively short-lived.[3] The maximum reported age is 15 years.[3] They are said to spawn offshore, although their spawning grounds are poorly known; a study of a fjord population in Norway suggested local spawning.[4] Polla are benthopelagic, that is, they live near the sea floor.[5] They seem to be relatively sedentary.[4][6] FisheriesPollack is of value to fisheries, although it mainly represents bycatch. Landings data show two fairly distinct centres of distribution, one in the northern North Sea/Skagerrak extending north along the Norwegian coast and one between the English Channel, the Irish Sea, and the northern part of the French west coast. Total reported landings are on the order of a few thousand tonnes.[3] Pollack is an important species in recreational fisheries. In Norway, tourist fishers alone were estimated to catch 100 tonnes of pollack in 2009.[7] In France, 3,500 tonnes of pollock were estimated to be caught in all recreational fisheries.[8] References1. ^{{cite journal | author = Cook, R. | author2 = Fernandes, P. | author3 = Florin, A. | author4 = Lorance, P. | author5 = Nedreaas, K. | year = 2014 | title = Pollachius pollachius | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2014 | page = e.T18125103A45098355 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T18125103A45098355.en }} {{cod topics}}2. ^{{FishBase species | genus=Pollachius | species=pollachius | year=2010 | month=October}} 3. ^1 {{cite book |title=Report of the Working Group on the Assessment of Demersal Stocks in the North Sea and Skagerrak (WGNSSK), 4–10 May 2011, ICES Headquarters, Copenhagen |last=ICES |authorlink=International Council for the Exploration of the Sea |year=2011 |publisher=International Council for the Exploration of the Sea |location=Copenhagen |pages=844 | series = ICES Document | volume = CM 2011/ACOM:13 |url=http://www.ices.dk/reports/ACOM/2011/WGNSSK/WGNSSK%202011.pdf}} 4. ^1 {{Cite journal | last1 = Heino | first1 = M. | last2 = Svasand | first2 = T. | last3 = Nordeide | first3 = J. T. | last4 = Ottera | first4 = H. | title = Seasonal dynamics of growth and mortality suggest contrasting population structure and ecology for cod, pollack, and saithe in a Norwegian fjord | doi = 10.1093/icesjms/fss043 | journal = ICES Journal of Marine Science | volume = 69 | issue = 4 | pages = 537 | year = 2012 | pmid = | pmc = }} 5. ^1 2 {{Cite book| publisher = FAO| pages = 442| last = Cohen| first = Daniel M.|author2=Tadashi Inada |author3=Tomio lwamoto |author4=Nadia Scialabba | title = FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date| location = Rome| series = FAO Fisheries Synopsis| year = 1990}} 6. ^{{Cite book| publisher = ICES| pages = 3| last = Jakobsen| first = Tore| title = Tagging of pollack on the Norwegian west coast in 1979| location = Copenhagen| series = ICES Document| volume = CM 1985/G: 24| year = 1985}} 7. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Volstad | first1 = J. H. | last2 = Korsbrekke | first2 = K. | last3 = Nedreaas | first3 = K. H. | last4 = Nilsen | first4 = M. | last5 = Nilsson | first5 = G. N. | last6 = Pennington | first6 = M. | last7 = Subbey | first7 = S. | last8 = Wienerroither | first8 = R. | doi = 10.1093/icesjms/fsr077 | title = Probability-based surveying using self-sampling to estimate catch and effort in Norway's coastal tourist fishery | journal = ICES Journal of Marine Science | volume = 68 | issue = 8 | pages = 1785 | year = 2011 | pmid = | pmc = }} 8. ^{{cite book |title=Report of the Planning Group on Recreational Fisheries (PGRFS), 7-11 June 2010, Bergen, Norway |last=ICES |authorlink=International Council for the Exploration of the Sea |year=2010 |publisher=International Council for the Exploration of the Sea |location=Copenhagen |pages=168 | series = ICES Document | volume = CM 2010/ACOM:34 |url=http://www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication%20Reports/Expert%20Group%20Report/acom/2010/PGRFS/PGRFS%202010.pdf}} External links{{Commonscat inline|Pollachius pollachius|Pollachius pollachius}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q752683}} 5 : Pollock|Commercial fish|Fish of the North Sea|Fish described in 1758|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus |
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