| 词条 | Pope John XVIII of Alexandria |
| 释义 |
| type = Pope | honorific-prefix = Pope | name = John XVIII of Alexandria | honorific-suffix = | title = Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark | image = | church = | enthroned = 23 October 1769 | ended = 7 June 1796 | predecessor = Mark VII | successor = Mark VIII | ordination = | consecration = | birth_name = Joseph | birth_date = | birth_place = Fayoum, Egypt | death_date = 7 June 1796 | death_place = Egypt | buried = Saint Mercurius Church in Coptic Cairo | nationality = Egyptian | religion = Coptic Orthodox Christian | residence = Saint Mary Church (Haret Elroum) | parents = | spouse = | children = | alma_mater = | signature = }} Pope John XVIII of Alexandria (Abba Youannis), 107th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. Pope John XVIII was born in Fayoum, Egypt. His lay name was Joseph. He became a monk in the Monastery of Saint Anthony. At the departure of Pope Mark VII, he was unanimously chosen to succeed him. He was ordained at the church of Saint Mercurius Church in Coptic Cairo, on Sunday, 15 Paopi, 1486 A.M. (23 October 1769 AD) The Seat of the Pope during his papacy remained in the Saint Mary Church (Haret Elroum) in Cairo. Relations with RomeDuring his papacy, Pope Pius VI of Rome attempted to attract the Eastern Churches to Roman Catholicism. Thus, he published the proceedings of the Council of Chalcedon and distributed it in all the countries of the East. Pope Pius VI of Rome even sent an envoy to Pope John XVIII of Alexandria asking him to unite with the Roman Catholic Church. The famous scholar and theologian Joseph el-Abbah, Bishop of Girga responded to the message, refuting its claims and defending Orthodoxy. PersecutionDuring the papacy of Pope John XVIII, the Copts were persecuted by the Ottoman rulers. The Jizya was increased to unprecedented amounts of money, and those who could not pay it had to convert to Islam or be executed. The commander of the Ottoman army stationed in Egypt seized the treasury of the Patriarchate and confiscated all its funds. Pope John XVIII had to go into hiding for some time. Ibrahim El-GoharyPope John XVIII was a good friend of the famous Coptic layman Ibrahim El-Gohary. Together, they worked on restoring monasteries and churches. They also prepared the Holy Myron. Pope John XVIII departed on 2 Paoni, 1512 A.M. (7 June 1796 AD) He remained on the papal Throne of Saint Mark for 26 years, 7 months, and 16 days. He was buried in the tombs of the Patriarchs at Saint Mercurius Church in Coptic Cairo. The papal Throne remained vacant after his departure for 3 months and 26 days. {{s-start}}{{s-rel|oo}}{{s-bef|before=Mark VII}}{{s-ttl|title=Coptic Pope|years=1769–1796}}{{s-aft|after=Mark VIII}}{{s-end}}{{Patriarchs of Alexandria}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:John 18 Of Alexandria, Pope}} 7 : Year of birth missing|1796 deaths|People from Faiyum|Popes of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria|Coptic Orthodox saints|18th-century Christian saints|18th-century Oriental Orthodox archbishops |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。