| 词条 | Population Matters |
| 释义 |
| name = Population Matters | image = | image_size = 150px | type = Environmental charity Sustainability organisation Think tank Advocacy group | tax_id = | registration_id = | formerly = Optimum Population Trust | founded_date = {{start date and age|1991}} | founder = David Willey | location = United Kingdom | origins = | key_people = President, Jonathon Porritt Chair, Terry Murphy | area_served = | product = | focus = Promotion of smaller families,[1] and sustainable consumption.[2] | mission = | method = Research, education, campaigning and lobbying | revenue = | expenses = | endowment = | num_volunteers = | num_employees = | num_members = | subsid = | owner = | homepage = {{URL|http://populationmatters.org/}} }} Population Matters, formerly known as the Optimum Population Trust, is a UK-based charity that addresses population size and its effects on environmental sustainability. It considers population growth as a major contributor to environmental degradation, resource depletion, conflict and involuntary migration and societal problems such as housing scarcity and transport congestion. History and backgroundPopulation Matters was launched as the Optimum Population Trust following a meeting on 24 July 1991 by the late David Willey and others concerned about population numbers and sustainability. They were impelled to act by the failure of United Kingdom governments to respond to a series of recommendations regarding population growth and sustainability.[3] The Optimum Population Trust prepared analyses and lobbied on issues affected by population growth. It also lobbied developmental and environmental campaigners on the need to incorporate population issues in their thinking. It was granted charitable status on 9 May 2006.[4] Population Matters was adopted as its campaign name in 2011.[5] Views and aimsPopulation Matters aims to achieve a future with decent living standards for all, a healthy and biodiverse environment and a sustainable population size.[6] The charity holds the following policy positions: PopulationPopulation growth increases damage to the environment and depletes natural resources. Therefore, human numbers should be reduced voluntarily to a sustainable level that enables an acceptable quality of life for all.
Development and climate changePopulation growth increases the number of wealthy carbon emitters and poorer climate change victims and hampers mitigation and adaptation efforts. In 2018, humanity used the sustainable resource output of 1.7 Earths.[9]
Women’s rights and reproductive healthWomen’s empowerment and gender equality are essential for reproductive health, economic development and population stabilisation. Population Matters therefore supports programmes to improve the status of women.
MigrationMigration often results from conflict, poverty, inequality or population and consumption pressures. Population Matters calls for fair trade terms and increased foreign aid and knowledge transfer to promote sustainable development, global justice and resilience.
Ageing and parenthood
ActivitiesPopulation Matters campaigns to stabilise population at a sustainable level through encouraging a culture shift towards smaller family sizes worldwide and improving resources for women's empowerment and family planning in lower income countries.[19][20] Over the years, the organization has supported various campaigns, including Caroline Lucas’ Bill to make Personal, Social, Health and Economic education (PSHE) a statutory requirement in state-funded schools.[21] It also produces material to help its supporters raise awareness of population growth.[22] The charity also runs [https://populationmatters.org/empower-to-plan/ Empower to Plan], a crowdfunding project that offers members of the public the opportunity to donate directly towards family planning and women's empowerment projects around the world.[23] This project superseded the carbon offsetting project called PopOffsets. Other activities include the Population Matters Overshoot Index, which presents assessments of the extent to which countries and regions of the world are considered to be able to support themselves on the basis of their own renewable resources. It also produces short films, such as “[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfl3zJA6HbY Zombie Overpopulation]”.[24][25] Organisational structurePopulation Matters consists of patrons, an advisory council, a board, a team of staff/contractors and volunteers and members.[26] It relies on members and donors for its funding.[27] PatronsPopulation Matters' patrons include prominent and successful public figures such as the broadcaster Sir David Attenborough, Jonathon Porritt, the economist Sir Partha Dasgupta, the biologist Professor Paul Ehrlich, the primatologist Dr Jane Goodall, Professor John Guillebaud and Leilani Münter.[28] CriticismIn 2013, Population Matters was criticised for advocating that Syrian refugees should not be accommodated in the UK,[29] calling for “zero-net migration” to the UK and for supporting a UK government policy of stopping child benefit and tax credits for third and subsequent children.[29] In 2017, the organisation stopped advocating for these policies, replacing them with a call for a Sustainable Population Policy.[30] See also{{Portal|Environment|Sustainable development}}{{colbegin}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.populationmatters.org/issues-solutions/population/smaller-families/|title=Smaller families|author=|date=|work=populationmatters.org}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.populationmatters.org/take-action/consume-mindfully/|title=Consume mindfully|author=|date=|work=populationmatters.org}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/governance|title=Governance|date=2018-09-13|website=Population Matters|language=en|access-date=2019-01-24}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityWithoutPartB.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=1114109&SubsidiaryNumber=0|title=Charity overview|access-date=2016-06-02}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/governance|title=Governance|date=2018-09-13|website=Population Matters|language=en|access-date=2019-03-25}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/about-us|title=Vision & values - Population Matters|last=|first=|date=|website=Population Matters|language=en-GB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=24 January 2019}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.wwf.org.uk/updates/living-planet-report-2018|title=Living Planet Report 2018|last=|first=|date=|website=wwf.panda.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-01-24}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_KeyFindings.pdf|title=World Population Prospects 2017 (Key findings)|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.footprintnetwork.org/our-work/ecological-footprint/#worldfootprint|title=World Footprint|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Global Footprint Network|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=24 January 2019}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/esa/desa/papers/2015/wp145_2015.pdf|title=Inequality and Environmental Sustainability|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=United Nations|access-date=2 June 2016}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldwatch.org/node/810|title=The State of Consumption Today {{!}} Worldwatch Institute|website=www.worldwatch.org|access-date=2016-06-02}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.gci.org.uk/|title=Contraction and Convergence Homepage|website=www.gci.org.uk|access-date=2016-06-02}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals/goal-5-gender-equality.html|title=Gender equality|last=|first=|date=|website=UNDP|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-01-24}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.guttmacher.org/about/journals/ipsrh/2002/03/population-and-poverty-new-views-old-controversy|title=Population and Poverty: New Views on an Old Controversy|date=2005-02-02|website=Guttmacher Institute|access-date=2016-06-02}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/news/2018/12/14/making-migration-safe|title=Making migration safe|last=|first=|date=|website=Population Matters|language=en-GB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-01-24}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/apr/21/countries-responsible-climate-change|title=Which nations are most responsible for climate change?|last=Clark|first=Duncan|date=2011-04-21|website=the Guardian|access-date=2016-06-02}} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/national/education/the-economics-of-an-ageing-population-20150316-1m0g4a.html|title=The economics of an ageing population|last=Valenzuela|first=Dr Rebecca|date=2015-03-23|newspaper=The Age|access-date=2016-06-02}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/managing-ageing-sustainable-society|title=Managing an ageing society|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Population Matters|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=24 January 2019}} 19. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.meetup.com/Central-London-Humanists/events/61135812/|title=Central London Humanists|website=Meetup|access-date=2016-06-02}} 20. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2011/oct/23/why-population-growth-costs-the-earth-roger|title=Why current population growth is costing us the Earth {{!}} Roger Martin|last=Martin|first=Roger|date=2011-10-23|website=the Guardian|access-date=2016-06-02}} 21. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.carolinelucas.com/latest/pshe-briefing-for-mps|title=PSHE briefing for MPs {{!}} Caroline Lucas|website=www.carolinelucas.com|access-date=2016-06-02}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.populationmatters.org/londons-population-to-grow-by-a-quarter/|title=London's population to grow by a quarter - Population Matters|date=2016-05-25|website=Population Matters|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-06-02}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.populationmatters.org/empower-to-plan/|title=Empower to Plan|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-03-05}} 24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.mediatrust.org/our-clients/film-production-2/population-matters/|title=Population Matters — Media Trust|website=www.mediatrust.org|access-date=2016-06-02}} 25. ^{{Cite web|url=http://populationmatters.org/documents/overshoot_index_2011.pdf|title=Overshoot Index|last=|first=|date=2011|website=|publisher=Population Matters|access-date=2 June 2016}} 26. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/our-team|title=Our team - Population Matters|last=|first=|date=|website=Population Matters|language=en-GB|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-01-24}} 27. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/governance|title=Governance|date=2018-09-13|website=Population Matters|language=en|access-date=2019-01-24}} 28. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.populationmatters.org/about/people-and-story/patrons/|title=Patrons - Population Matters|website=Population Matters|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-06-09}} 29. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/adam-ramsay/charity-which-campaigned-to-ban-syrian-refugees-from-britain|title=The charity which campaigned to ban Syrian refugees from Britain|date=2015-09-23|website=openDemocracy|access-date=2016-06-09}} 30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://populationmatters.org/campaigns/sustainable-population-policy|title=Sustainable population policy - Population Matters|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=24 January 2019}} External links[https://www.populationmatters.org Official website] {{population}}{{Human impact on the environment}}{{Population country lists}}{{sustainability}}{{biological organisation}}{{Extinction}} 10 : Advocates of women's reproductive rights|Charities based in England|Conservation organizations|Environmental organisations based in the United Kingdom|Human overpopulation think tanks|Political advocacy groups in England|Political and economic think tanks|Political and economic think tanks based in the United Kingdom|Population concern advocacy groups|Population research organizations |
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