| 词条 | Port of Geelong |
| 释义 |
| name = Geelong Port | image =Grain-elevator-geelong.jpg | imagesize = 280 px | caption = The Bulk Grain Pier and grain elevator at North Geelong | country = Australia | location = Geelong | coordinates = {{coord|38|7|S|144|23|E|region:AU-VIC_type:landmark|display=title}} | opened = | operated = | owner = LINX Cargo Care Group | type = Artificial | sizewater = | sizeland = | size = | berths = 9 | wharfs = | piers = | employees = | leadershiptitle = CEO | leader = Brett Winter | blankdetailstitle1 = | blankdetails1 = | blankdetailstitle2 = | blankdetails2 = | blankdetailstitle3 = | blankdetails3 = | arrivals = | cargotonnage = | containervolume = | cargovalue = | passengertraffic = | revenue = | profit = | blankstatstitle1 = | blankstats1 = | blankstatstitle2 = | blankstats2 = | blankstatstitle3 = | blankstats3 = | website = {{url|www.geelongport.com.au}} }} The Port of Geelong is located on the shores of Corio Bay at Geelong, Victoria, Australia. The port is the sixth-largest in Australia by tonnage.[1] Major commodities handled by the port include crude oil and petroleum products, export grain and woodchips, alumina imports, and fertiliser.[2] Major port industries include Alcoa's Point Henry smelter, AWB Limited's grain elevator, and the Viva Energy oil refinery at Corio. The Port of Geelong handled $5.6 billion worth of bulk cargo in 2004–05, made up of 12 million tonnes of cargo from 543 ship visits.[2] HistoryBefore the initial settlement of Geelong, a sandbar across the bay from Point Lillias to Point Henry only allowed small ships to enter the inner harbour. Larger ships were required to drop anchor in the bay, and their cargo was brought into Geelong on lighters. At times it was possible to walk across the bay on the sandbar at low tide.[3] The first channel through the sandbar was started in 1853, providing less than 4 metres draught for ships. This channel was straightened out and dredged at a depth of 6 metres in the 1860s. In 1881 dredging of a new channel was started which took 12 years to complete. It was named the Hopetoun Channel after the then Governor of Victoria, Lord Hopetoun, who opened it on 20 December 1893.[4] By the early twentieth century shipping traffic had increased and the existing piers in the city area were proving inadequate. As a result, new port facilities were progressively provided in the North Geelong area. ManagementManagement of the channels and port of Geelong was the responsibility of the Geelong Harbor Trust that was formed in December 1905.[5] In addition, the Authority was responsible for the associated ports at Queenscliff, Barwon Heads, Lorne and Apollo Bay. In 1981, the trust was reconstituted as the Port of Geelong Authority as an attempt to follow modern practice with the naming of organisations responsible for ports operation throughout the world.[5] The authority was privatised by the State Government, being sold to TNT Logistics for $49.6 million on 1 July 1996.[6] The port was later rebranded as Toll GeelongPort after the acquisition of TNT by Toll Holdings. The port is now branded as GeelongPort, and is a part of LINX Cargo Care Group, following the sale of the Asciano group of companies in August 2016 (Asciano formed from the demerger of Toll Holdings in 2007). In 2008 the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) revoked Asciano's exclusive equipment contract with the Port of Geelong. The ACCC found that the compulsory use of Asciano cranes for dry bulk and fertiliser unloading was anti-competitive, and that the negative effects of the arrangement outweighed any productivity improvements derived from use of a single equipment type.[7] FacilitiesMajor piers in the Port of Geelong include:
By the early 1900s shipping traffic has increased and the existing piers in the city area were inadequate. As a result, new port developments were started in the North Geelong area.
There are also a number of special purpose piers on Corio Bay:
See also{{Portal|Victoria}}
References1. ^{{cite web| title =City of Greater Geelong:Transportation – Sea | publisher =City of Greater Geelong | year =2006 | url =http://www.geelongaustralia.com.au/Accessing_Council/Transportation/Sea/ | accessdate =8 February 2008 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070903094716/http://www.geelongaustralia.com.au/Accessing_Council/Transportation/Sea/ |archivedate = 3 September 2007}} 2. ^1 The Age: Geelong port contributes $500mn a year to Victoria – September 12, 2005 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zades.com.au/bellhs/bellpen.html|title=The History of the Bellarine Peninsula|accessdate=2 August 2007}} 4. ^{{cite book | last = Begg | first = Peter | title = Geelong – The First 150 Years | publisher = Globe Press | date = 1990 | isbn = 0-9592863-5-7 }} 5. ^1 Public Record Office Victoria – Agency VA 1425 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070908163225/http://www.access.prov.vic.gov.au/public/component/daPublicBaseContainer?component=daViewAgency&entityId=1425 |date=8 September 2007 }} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.doi.vic.gov.au/doi/doielect.nsf/2a6bd98dee287482ca256915001cff0c/9db05d5823e38074ca256be9000d0835/$FILE/PortReform02_chap1.pdf|title=DoI – THE REVIEW OF PORT REFORM IN VICTORIA|accessdate=2 August 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071023060445/http://www.doi.vic.gov.au/doi/doielect.nsf/2a6bd98dee287482ca256915001cff0c/9db05d5823e38074ca256be9000d0835/$FILE/PortReform02_chap1.pdf |archivedate = 23 October 2007}} 7. ^{{cite news|title =ACCC seeks to revoke dictated Geelong Port equipment use | work =Lloyd's List Daily Commercial News | publisher = | date =8 February 2008 | url =http://www.lloydslistdcn.com.au/informaoz/LLDCN/home.jsp?source=wire&var_sect=News&art_id=1202338727484 | accessdate =8 February 2008 }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.railgeelong.com/lineguide/cunningham-pier|title=Rail Geelong: Cunningham Pier Line|accessdate=12 December 2008}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shipmate.com.au/file/doc_file_15.pdf|title=Shipmate News|date=February 2007|publisher=www.shipmate.com.au|accessdate=29 June 2008}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.railgeelong.com/location/harbour-trust-sidings|title=Rail Geelong: Harbor Trust Sidings|accessdate=12 December 2008}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.doi.vic.gov.au/doi/doielect.nsf/2a6bd98dee287482ca256915001cff0c/9db05d5823e38074ca256be9000d0835/$FILE/PortReform02_chap1.pdf|title=DoI – THE REVIEW OF PORT REFORM IN VICTORIA|accessdate=2 August 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071023060445/http://www.doi.vic.gov.au/doi/doielect.nsf/2a6bd98dee287482ca256915001cff0c/9db05d5823e38074ca256be9000d0835/$FILE/PortReform02_chap1.pdf |archivedate = 23 October 2007}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.doi.vic.gov.au/doi/doielect.nsf/2a6bd98dee287482ca256915001cff0c/9db05d5823e38074ca256be9000d0835/$FILE/PortReform02_chap1.pdf|title=DoI – THE REVIEW OF PORT REFORM IN VICTORIA|accessdate=2 August 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071023060445/http://www.doi.vic.gov.au/doi/doielect.nsf/2a6bd98dee287482ca256915001cff0c/9db05d5823e38074ca256be9000d0835/$FILE/PortReform02_chap1.pdf |archivedate = 23 October 2007}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/pwc/ecac/ecacRep.pdf|title=REPORT relating to the proposed EAST COAST ARMAMENT COMPLEX POINT WILSON, VIC|accessdate=26 July 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610062913/http://www.aph.gov.au/house/committee/pwc/ecac/ecacRep.pdf|archivedate=10 June 2007|df=dmy-all}} External links
3 : Ports and harbours of Victoria (Australia)|Transport in Geelong|Economy of Geelong |
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