“Postganglionic nerve fibers”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Postganglionic nerve fibers

释义

Neurotransmitters
See also
References
External links

{{Infobox nerve
| Name = Postganglionic nerve fibers
| Latin = neurofibrae postganglionicae
| Image = Gray840.png
| Caption = Sympathetic connections of the ciliary and superior cervical ganglia.
| Image2 =
| Caption2 =
| Innervates =
| BranchFrom =
| BranchTo =
}}

In the autonomic nervous system, fibers from the ganglion to the effector organ are called postganglionic fibers.

Neurotransmitters

The neurotransmitters of postganglionic fibers differ:

In the parasympathetic division, neurons are cholinergic (that is, acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter).
In the sympathetic division, neurons are mostly adrenergic (that is, epinephrine and norepinephrine function as the primary neurotransmitters). Notable exceptions to this rule include the sympathetic innervation of sweat glands and arrectores pilorum muscles where the neurotransmitter at both pre and post ganglionic synapses is acetylcholine. Another notable structure is the medulla of the adrenal gland, where chromaffin cells function as modified post-ganglionic nerves. Instead of releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine into a synaptic cleft, these cells of the adrenal medulla release the catecholamines into the blood stream as hormones.^[1] Like other components of the sympathetic nervous system, all of these exceptions are still stimulated by cholinergic pre ganglionic fibers.
In both divisions of the autonomic nervous system, postganglionic neurons express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to receive signals from preganglionic neurons.^[2]

References

1. ^{{cite book|vauthors=Noback C, Ruggiero DA, Demarest RJ, Strominger NL|title=The Human Nervous System: Structure and Function|year=2005|publisher=Humana Press|location=New Jersey|isbn=978-1588290403|url=https://www.amazon.com/Human-Nervous-System-Structure-Function/dp/1588290409|edition=6th}}
2. ^{{cite book|last1=Costanzo|first1=Linda|title=BRS Physiology|year=2014|publisher=LWW|isbn=9781451187953|url=https://www.amazon.com/Physiology-Board-Review-Linda-Costanzo/dp/1451187955/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1426469791&sr=8-1&keywords=brs+physiology+7th+edition|edition=6th}}

External links

1 : Autonomic nervous system

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Neurotransmitters

See also

References

External links