| 词条 | Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome |
| 释义 |
| name = {{PAGENAME}} | synonyms = | image = Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome-11192007.png | alt = | caption = Retinal photograph of ocular histoplasmosis | pronounce = | field = | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS) is a syndrome affecting the eye, which is characterized by peripheral atrophic chorioretinal scars, atrophy or scarring adjacent to the optic disc and maculopathy. The loss of vision in POHS is caused by choroidal neovascularization. PresentationThe diagnosis of POHS is based on the clinical triad of multiple white, atrophic choroidal scars, peripapillary pigment changes (dark spots around optic disc of the eye), and a maculopathy caused by choroidal neovascularization. Completely distinct from POHS, acute ocular histoplasmosis may rarely occur in immunodeficiency.[1][2] CausesDespite its name, the "presumed" relationship of POHS to Histoplasma capsulatum is controversial and has been questioned by a number of medical professionals.[3][4][5] The fungus has rarely been isolated from cases with POHS,[6]{{medical citation needed|date=November 2014}} the condition has also been found in locations where histoplasmosis is rare,[7] and there appears to be a relationship with tobacco smoking.{{medical citation needed|date=November 2014}} DiagnosisFluorescein angiography is usually performed for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with POHS. TreatmentTreatment requires careful consideration of angiographic findings when a choroidal neovascular membrane is suspected which is a condition that responds to treatment. A vitreo-retinal specialist (an ophthalmologist specialized in treatment of retinal diseases) should be consulted for proper management of the case.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have been successfully treated with laser, anti-vascular endothelial growth factors and photodynamic therapy. Ophthalmologists are using anti-vascular endothelial growth factors to treat AMD and similar conditions since research indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the causes for the growth of the abnormal vessels that cause these conditions.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} See also
References1. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Macher A, Rodrigues MM, Kaplan W, Pistole MC, McKittrick A, Lawrinson WE, Reichert CM | year = 1985 | title = Disseminated bilateral chorioretinitis due to Histoplasma capsulatum in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome | url = | journal = Ophthalmology | volume = 92 | issue = 8| pages = 1159–64 | pmid = 2413418 | doi=10.1016/s0161-6420(85)33921-0}} 2. ^{{Cite journal | pmid = 10768335| year = 2000| author1 = Gonzales| first1 = C. A.| title = Endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum var. Capsulatum: A case report and literature review| journal = Ophthalmology| volume = 107| issue = 4| pages = 725–9| last2 = Scott| first2 = I. U.| last3 = Chaudhry| first3 = N. A.| last4 = Luu| first4 = K. M.| last5 = Miller| first5 = D| last6 = Murray| first6 = T. G.| last7 = Davis| first7 = J. L. | doi=10.1016/s0161-6420(99)00179-7}} 3. ^{{cite journal |author1=Thuruthumaly C |author2=Yee D. C. |author3=Rao P. K. | year = 2014 | title = Presumed ocular histoplasmosis | url = | journal = Current Opinion in Ophthalmology | volume = 25 | issue = 6| pages = 508–12 | doi = 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000100 | pmid = 25237930 }} 4. ^{{cite journal |author1=Nielsen J. S. |author2=Fick T. A. |author3=Saggau D. D. |author4=Barnes C. H. | year = 2012 | title = Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for choroidal neovascularization secondary to ocular histoplasmosis syndrome | url = | journal = Retina | volume = 32 | issue = 3| pages = 468–72 | doi = 10.1097/IAE.0b013e318229b220 | pmid = 21817958 }} 5. ^{{cite journal|author=Woods AC|author2=Wahlen HE|year=1959|title=The probable role of benign histoplasmosis in the etiology of granulomatous uveitis|journal=Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society|volume=57|pages=318–347|pmc=1316339|pmid=16693576}} 6. ^ Presumed Ocular Histoplasmosis Syndrome 7. ^{{cite book|author1=Stefan Dithmar|author2=Frank Gerhard Holz|title=Fluorescence Angiography in Ophthalmology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ebTzQKwQuNEC&pg=PA168|accessdate=29 June 2010|date=28 April 2008|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-540-78359-6|pages=168–}} }} External links
| ICD10 = | ICD9 = | ICDO = | OMIM = | DiseasesDB = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = article | eMedicineTopic = 1224400 | MeSH = | GeneReviewsNBK = | GeneReviewsName = | Orphanet = }}{{Eye pathology}} 2 : Diseases of the eye and adnexa|Syndromes |
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