| 词条 | Prilocaine |
| 释义 |
| verifiedrevid = 464214246 | IUPAC_name = (RS)-N-(2-methylphenyl)-N2-propylalaninamide | image = Prilocaine.svg | width = 200px | chirality = Racemic mixture | tradename = | Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|prilocaine-hydrochloride}} | MedlinePlus = a603026 | pregnancy_category = B (U.S.) | licence_EU = yes | legal_status = | routes_of_administration = | bioavailability = | protein_bound = 55% | metabolism = Hepatic and renal | elimination_half-life = 10-150 minutes, longer with impaired hepatic or renal function | IUPHAR_ligand = 7276 | CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} | CAS_number = 721-50-6 | ATC_prefix = N01 | ATC_suffix = BB04 | ATC_supplemental = | PubChem = 4906 | DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} | DrugBank = DB00750 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 4737 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = 046O35D44R | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | KEGG = D00553 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 8404 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 1194 | C=13 | H=20 | N=2 | O=1 | molecular_weight = 220.311 g/mol | smiles = O=C(Nc1ccccc1C)C(NCCC)C | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C13H20N2O/c1-4-9-14-11(3)13(16)15-12-8-6-5-7-10(12)2/h5-8,11,14H,4,9H2,1-3H3,(H,15,16) | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = MVFGUOIZUNYYSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N | melting_point = 37 | melting_high = 38 }} Prilocaine ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|r|aɪ|l|ə|ˌ|k|eɪ|n}}{{refn|{{MerriamWebsterDictionary|accessdate=2016-01-21|Prilocaine}}}}) is a local anesthetic of the amino amide type first prepared by Claes Tegner and Nils Löfgren. In its injectable form (trade name Citanest), it is often used in dentistry. It is also often combined with lidocaine as a topical preparation for dermal anesthesia (lidocaine/prilocaine or EMLA), for treatment of conditions like paresthesia. As it has low cardiac toxicity, it is commonly used for intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA). ContraindicationsIn some patients, ortho-toluidine, a metabolite of prilocaine, may cause methemoglobinemia, which may be treated with methylene blue. Prilocaine may also be contraindicated in people with sickle cell anemia, anemia, or symptomatic hypoxia.[1] CombinationsIt is given as a combination with the vasoconstrictor epinephrine under the trade name Citanest Forte. It is used as an eutectic mixture with lidocaine, 50% w/w, as lidocaine/prilocaine. The mixture is an oil with a melting point of {{convert|18|C|F}}. A 5% emulsion preparation, containing 2.5% each of lidocaine/prilocaine, is marketed by APP Pharmaceuticals under the trade name EMLA (an abbreviation for eutectic mixture of local anesthetics).[2] Compendial status
Notes1. ^{{Cite book|title = Practical and Professional Clinical Skills|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_DY5PCOFH4EC&pg=PA267|publisher = Oxford University Press|date = 2011-09-15|isbn = 9780199585618|first = Vinod|last = Patel|first2 = John|last2 = Morrissey|page = 267}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/704761_2 |title=Topical Anesthesia Use in Children: Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics |publisher=Medscape.com |date= |accessdate=2014-01-07}} 3. ^{{cite| last =The United States Pharmacopeial Convention| first =| authorlink =| coauthors =| title =Revision Bulletin: Lidocaine and Prilocaine Cream–Revision to Related Compounds Test| work =| publisher =| date =| url =http://www.usp.org/USPNF/notices/lidocaineAndPrilocaine.html| doi =| accessdate =10 July 2009| deadurl =yes| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20100705213713/http://www.usp.org/USPNF/notices/lidocaineAndPrilocaine.html| archivedate =5 July 2010| df =}} See also
2 : Local anesthetics|Anilides |
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