| 词条 | Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| 释义 |
| name = Augusta Wilhelmine | title = | image = Portrait der Pfalzgräfin Auguste Wilhelmine von Pfalz-Zweibrücken (1765-1796).jpg | caption = | succession = Duchess consort of Zweibrücken | consort = yes | reign = 1 April 1795 – 30 March 1796 | birth_date = {{birth date|1765|4|14|df=y}} | birth_place = Darmstadt | death_date = {{death date and age|1796|3|30|1765|4|14|df=y}} | death_place = Rohrbach | spouse = {{marriage|Maximilian, Duke of Zweibrücken|1785}} | issue = {{plainlist|
}} | full name = {{lang-de|Marie Auguste Wilhelmine}} | house = Hesse-Darmstadt | father = Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt | mother = Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Falkenburg-Dagsburg | religion = Lutheranism }} Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt ({{lang-de|Marie Auguste Wilhelmine von Hessen-Darmstadt}}) (14 April 1765 – 30 March 1796) was Duchess consort of Zweibrücken by marriage to Maximilian, Duke of Zweibrücken, and the mother of King Ludwig I of Bavaria. BiographyAugusta Wilhelmine was born at Darmstadt, the fourth daughter and ninth child of Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt (second son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt) and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Falkenburg-Dagsburg. MarriageOn 30 September 1785, in Darmstadt, Augusta Wilhelmine married Maximilian, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (later King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria). Maximilian was an officer in the French army stationed at Strasbourg, but the couple also often visited Paris.[1] There Augusta Wilhelmine met Queen Marie Antoinette with whom she maintained an ongoing correspondence. In 1789, Maximilian's regiment rose in revolt and he and Augusta Wilhelmine fled to her parents' home in Darmstadt.[2] For the next five years, they lived mostly in the neighboring town of Mannheim. In December 1794, the French army attacked Mannheim. Augusta Wilhelmine fled the city when her home was shelled by French artillery.[3] Duchess of ZweibrückenIn April 1795 Maximilian succeeded his brother as reigning Duke of Zweibrücken; however, his duchy was entirely occupied by the French. In March 1796 Augusta Wilhelmine, who had always had delicate lungs, finally succumbed and died at {{Interlanguage link multi|Heidelberg-Rohrbach|de|3=Rohrbach (Heidelberg)|lt=Rohrbach}}.[4] She was buried in the Schlosskirche in Darmstadt.[5] IssueShe had five children:
Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |ref=[6] | boxstyle_1 = background-color: #fcc; | boxstyle_2 = background-color: #fb9; | boxstyle_3 = background-color: #ffc; | boxstyle_4 = background-color: #bfc; | boxstyle_5 = background-color: #9fe; | 1 = 1. Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt | 2 = 2. Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt | 3 = 3. Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg | 4 = 4. Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | 5 = 5. Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg | 6 = 6. Count Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg | 7 = 7. Countess Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim | 8 = 8. Ernest Louis, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | 9 = 9. Margravine Dorothea Charlotte of Brandenburg-Ansbach | 10 = 10. Johann Reinhard III, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg | 11 = 11. Margravine Dorothea Friederike of Brandenburg-Ansbach | 12 = 12. Johann, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg | 13 = 13. Countess Johanna Magdalene of Hanau-Lichtenberg | 14 = 14. Count Georg Ludwig of Solms-Rödelheim | 15 = 15. Countess Charlotte Sibylle of Ahlefeldt | 16 = 16. Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt | 17 = 17. Princess Elisabeth Dorothea of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg | 18 = 18. Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach | 19 = 19. Countess Sophia Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen | 20 = 20. Johann Reinhard II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg | 21 = 21. Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler | 22 = 22. John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach | 23 = 23. Margravine Johanna Elisabeth of Baden-Durlach | 24 = 24. Count Georg Wilhelm of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg | 25 = 25. Countess Anna Elisabeth of Daun-Falkenstein | 26 = 26. Johann Reinhard II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (= 20) | 27 = 27. Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler (= 21) | 28 = 28. Johann August, Count of Solms-Rödelheim | 29 = 29. Countess Eleonore Cratz of Scharffenstein | 30 = 30. Count Friedrich of Ahlefeldt | 31 = 31. Countess Maria Elisabeth of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Hartenburg }} Footnotes1. ^Egon Caesar Corti, Ludwig I of Bavaria (London: Thornton Butterworth, 1938), 15. 2. ^Corti, 19. 3. ^Corti, 21. 4. ^Corti, 24. 5. ^Hans Rall, Wittelsbacher Lebensbilder von Kaiser Ludwig bis zur Gegenwart (Munich: Wittelsbacher Ausgleichsfonds), 142. 6. ^{{cite book|title=Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans| trans-title=Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AINPAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA70|year=1768|publisher=Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel|location=Bourdeaux|language=fr|page=70}} Bibliography{{Commons category|Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt}}
6 : 1765 births|1796 deaths|House of Hesse-Darmstadt|House of Wittelsbach|People from Darmstadt|18th-century deaths from tuberculosis |
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