“Priority to the right”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Priority to the right is a right-of-way system, in which the driver of a vehicle is required to give way to vehicles approaching from the right at intersections. The system is stipulated in Article 18.4.a of the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic for countries where traffic keeps to the right and applies to all intersections where it is not overridden by priority signs (uncontrolled intersections), including side roads and roundabouts (but not paths or earth-tracks).

Usage

The system is widely used in countries with right-hand traffic, including most European countries. What varies, however, is the prevalence of uncontrolled intersections. In some countries, the right of way at virtually all but the most minor road junctions is controlled by the display of priority vs. stop / yield signs or by traffic lights, while in others (such as France) priority-to-the-right is sometimes applied even at heavily trafficked intersections such as the Place de l'Étoile (around the Arc de Triomphe) and on the Boulevard Périphérique (Paris ring road).

Most states in the United States enforce priority-to-the-right at uncontrolled intersections, where motorists must yield to the right,^[1] although these intersections are less common. Increasingly, municipalities across the US have introduced all way stops, traffic signals and other designations such as multiple lane right-of-way or paved vs. unpaved roads as a means of controlling the intersections to decrease the likelihood of a collision and to make it easier to determine liability in the event of an accident.^[1] At T-Intersections, traffic on the terminating road must yield to all traffic at the termination point.

Some countries use the priority-to-the-right rule, despite driving on the left. Australia uses the priority-to-the-right rule at four-way intersections where the roads all have equal priority, but specific rules apply for T-intersections.^[2] Singapore also uses priority-to-the-right, as well as priority to vehicles going straight and turning vehicles to give way to vehicles going straight.

Local abolition in Belgium

In Belgium, experts from the Flemish Automobile Association (VAB) argue for the abolition of priority to the right. They claim it is an outdated rule that too often causes accidents, because people assume that they will receive priority, and therefore that it is safe to cross. Across the country in 2017, more than 15,000 collisions took place at intersections with priority to the right (on average 42 times a day) - this amounted to almost 5% of all damage claims, according to insurance companies federation Assuralia. In the 2010s, therefore, a number of Flemish municipalities decided to reduce the number of intersections where priority is given to the right and to designate more priority roads by placing additional traffic signs, namely inverted triangles (B1, which oblige road users to give priority to others before they cross themselves) and stop signs (B5, which oblige road users to stop at the intersection and give priority to others before they cross themselves). The municipalities include Bekkevoort, Dilbeek, Geel, Gooik, Lede, Linter, Lubbeek, Tielt-Winge en Wervik; Glabbeek (Flemish Brabant) went so far as to abolish all intersections with priority to the right in December 2017. In the municipalities concerned, it has been found that the number of traffic accidents has decreased significantly.^[3]

Signage

Intersections to which priority to the right applies are usually not equipped with signage or road markings. Priority signs override the priority to the right rule and are often used on roads with heavier traffic.

However, if an intersection is not easily visible, a warning sign (usually a white or yellow triangle with red border and a cross symbol) may be erected. This sign does not regulate priority but just warns of an intersection. White, yellow and black diamond signs on the main road show that users have priority over entering traffic.

Under the priority-to-the-right system, priority is always given to traffic entering an intersection from the right, unless priority signage overrules this.

In many countries, there are often no priority road signs for traffic on the priority road. This might cause a problem because the driver on the priority road doesn't necessarily know whether the traffic that comes from the right has to yield or not.

In some countries, such as Belgium and Switzerland, road markings may also be used to indicate that the junction is a priority-to-the-right junction.

Usage

Local abolition in Belgium

Signage

See also

References