“Public transport in Bristol”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The majority of public transport users in the Bristol Urban Area are transported by bus, although rail has experienced growth and does play an important part, particularly in peak hours. There were plans for a light rail system, however this has now been dropped although it remains in the long-term local transport plan.^[1]

From 2017 the Mayor of the West of England and the West of England Combined Authority have the primary responsibility for organising public transport in the Bristol area.

Bus

The Bristol bus station, in Marlborough Street, was opened in 1958. It was redeveloped in 2006

There are five main bus companies operating across the Greater Bristol area. They are First West of England,^[2] National Express,^[3] Abus,^[4] Bugler Coaches^[5] and Stagecoach South West. They provide services around Bristol and in to South Gloucestershire. The University of the West of England sponsors bus services (ULink) open to the public throughout the year, which are operated by Wessex Connect.^[6] National Express provides services including London, Plymouth, Glasgow and Swansea. Megabus run services to London, Newport and Cardiff.^[7] City Sightseeing Bristol operate tourist buses from all year except January.^[8]

Rail

The main railway stations in Bristol are Bristol Temple Meads, near the city centre, and Bristol Parkway in the northern suburb of Stoke Gifford. Although the latter is in the Bristol urban area, it is in South Gloucestershire. There are services to UK destinations from both Temple Meads and Parkway stations. There are also smaller stations across Bristol on different railway lines, including the Severn Beach Line, South Wales Main Line, Cross-Country Route, Great Western Main Line and Wessex Main Line.

Journey time to Cardiff is around 45–60 minutes and to London Paddington around 90 minutes.

There are three private rail companies that operate across the Greater Bristol area. They are Greater Western Railway, CrossCountry and South Western Railway. Great Western Railway operate all the local and regional services and intercity services between London Paddington and South Wales/Southwest England that pass through or terminate at Bristol. CrossCountry run cross-country intercity services that serve Bristol on routes between Southwest England and the Midlands, North of England and Scotland. South Western Railway operate four services a day between Bristol Temple Meads and Salisbury, three of which continue to London Waterloo.

There are several local, suburban rail routes throughout Bristol but many have either been closed or seen massively reduced services. The Severn Beach line which runs from Temple Meads to Severn Beach is regarded as a particularly attractive route.^[10]

Following a successful campaign by Friends of Suburban Bristol Railways, the Severn Beach Line began to be served by an increased frequency from May 2008.^[11] It is hoped this will pave the way for better services across the conurbation. An additional train now operates on the line meaning services average around every 40 minutes. Fares are set over two zones, and the trip from Bristol Temple Meads to Severn Beach is £3.00 return. There is, for the first time, a Sunday service to Avonmouth. The result is a service that can actually be used to commute to Bristol centre from outlying areas. Information has been improved at all the stations, from a push-button link to a computer-generated voice link, to real-time display screen. There has been a dramatic increase in passenger numbers, giving rise to complaints about not be able to buy tickets for through train journeys from the onboard train crew.

MetroWest

MetroWest is a current initiative in the West of England area to improve local rail services by reopening disused rail lines and stations and improving existing services. Phase One includes reopening the Portishead railway line to passenger traffic and improving services to the Severn Beach Line and Bath Spa. Phase Two will see the Henbury railway line reopen, along with half-hourly services between Weston-super-Mare and Yate. The phases are due to open in 2019^[12] and 2021^[13] respectively.

Light rail

In November 2016, the West of England Local Enterprise Partnership began a consultation process on their Transport Vision Summary Document, outlining potential light rail/tram routes from the city centre to Bristol Airport, the eastern and north west fringes of the city, and a route along the A4 road to Bath.^[15]

Water

Bristol Ferry Boats operates passenger ferry boat services on Bristol Harbour in the centre of Bristol.^[16] Services are operated for the leisure market to and from both the city centre and Bristol Temple Meads railway station. Services are provided by a fleet of yellow and blue painted ferry boats.

In 2010 the city council supported commuter services formerly operated by the Bristol Ferry Boat Company were transferred to a new operator, Number Seven Boat Trips.^[17] This company also operates daily tourist services.^[18]

The Bristol Packet operates guided tours throughout the year around the harbour, and in the tourist season also downriver to Avonmouth and upstream to Beese's Tea Gardens, the Chequers Inn at Hanham and via the Kennet and Avon Navigation to Bath.^[19]

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=West of England Joint Local Transport Plan 3 2O11 — 2O26|url=http://travelwest.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/joint-local-transport-plan.pdf|publisher=Travel West|accessdate=12 December 2015|page=73}}
2. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.firstgroup.com/ukbus/southwest/bristol/home/ |title=Bus Bristol, Bath and the West |work=FirstGroup |accessdate=29 March 2010}}
3. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.nationalexpress.com/coach/destinations/DestinationDetails.aspx?location_code=41065 |title=Bristol |work=National Express Coach |accessdate=29 March 2010}}
4. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.abus.co.uk/ |title=Bus Service Timetables and Route Map |work=A-Bus |accessdate=29 March 2010}}
5. ^{{Cite web |url = http://www.buglercoaches.co.uk/pagedraw.aspx?id=1 |title = Timetables |work = Bugler Coaches |accessdate = 29 March 2010 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100807110748/http://www.buglercoaches.co.uk/pagedraw.aspx?id=1 |archivedate = 7 August 2010 |df = dmy-all}}
6. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.uwe.ac.uk/hsv/transport/bus.shtml |title=Bus Services |work=University of the West of England |accessdate=29 March 2010}}
7. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.megabus.com/uk/timetables/bristol_london_all.php |title=Timetables for Bristol to London |work=megabus.com |accessdate=29 March 2010}}
8. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.citysightseeingbristol.co.uk/timetable.html |title=City Sightseeing Bristol: timetables 2011 |work=citysightseeingbristol.co.uk |accessdate=3 January 2011}}
9. ^{{cite web|title=MetroBus|url=http://travelwest.info/metrobus|publisher=travelwest.info|accessdate=14 April 2016}}
10. ^BBC Inside Out – Bristol's Severn Beach Railway Line
11. ^The Lib Dem Council Cabinet amended their budget to provide an extra train on the Severn Beach line from December 2007
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://travelwest.info/projects/metrowest/metrowest-phase-1 |title=MetroWest: Phase 1}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://travelwest.info/project/metrowest-phase-2 |title=MetroWest: Phase 2}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.jointplanningwofe.org.uk/gf2.ti/-/636578/18103781.1/PDF/-/151203_JSPTS_Key_Principles_Report_revised_final.pdf|title=Issues and Options for Consultation. Key Principles Report|publisher=West of England Joint Transport Study|accessdate=12 July 2016}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.jointplanningwofe.org.uk/gf2.ti/-/757442/23234053.1/PDF/-/Joint_Transport_Study__Transport_Vision.pdf|title=West of England Joint Transport Study - Transport Vision Summary Document |access-date=16 November 2016}}
16. ^{{Cite web |url= http://www.bristolferry.com/ferryService.php?service=timetables |title=Timetable |work=Bristol Ferry Boat Company |accessdate=29 March 2010}}
17. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.bristol.gov.uk/committee/2014/sc/sc048/1023_14.pdf | title = Ferry Operations | publisher = Bristol City Council | work = Committee Minutes | date = 23 October 2014 | accessdate = 18 March 2015 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402130012/https://www.bristol.gov.uk/committee/2014/sc/sc048/1023_14.pdf | archivedate = 2 April 2015 | df = dmy-all }}
18. ^{{Cite web |url = http://www.numbersevenboattrips.co.uk/home.html |title = Number Seven Boat Trips |work = Number Seven Boat Trips |accessdate = 3 January 2011 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110717091515/http://www.numbersevenboattrips.co.uk/home.html |archivedate = 17 July 2011 |df = dmy-all}}
19. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.bristolpacket.co.uk/public_trips.html |title = Boat Trips in Bristol's Floating Harbour and on the River Avon – 0117 926 8157 |work = Bristol Packet |accessdate = 3 January 2011 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20101230234654/http://www.bristolpacket.co.uk/public_trips.html |archivedate = 30 December 2010 |df = dmy-all}}