| 词条 | Puerto Rican crested toad |
| 释义 |
| name = Puerto Rican crested toad | image = Puerto Rican crested toad.jpg | status = CR | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Peltophryne lemur | authority = Cope, 1869 | synonyms = Bufo lemur (Cope, 1869) }} The Puerto Rican crested toad or simply Puerto Rican toad (Peltophryne lemur) is a species of toad found only in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.[2] It is the only species of toad native to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. The species formerly occurred in Virgin Gorda and along the southern and northern karst in Puerto Rico.[3] It is listed as a threatened by the US Fish and Wildlife Service due to habitat loss and introduced species. At one period of time it was believed to be extinct until it was rediscovered in 1966. The IUCN has the species listed as critically endangered.[1] ConservationThe U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, and the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums have worked together to create a captive breeding program run by the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums. In 2013, the group released 71,000 tadpoles and 520 toadlets across three locations. The group has released 260,000 tadpoles over the last twenty years.[4] References1. ^1 {{Cite journal | author = Ariadne Angulo | title = Peltophryne lemur | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2010 | page = e.T54345A11127094 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2010 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/54345/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T54345A11127094.en | access-date = 10 January 2018}} {{Wikispecies-inline|Peltophryne lemur}}{{Commonscat-inline|Bufo lemur}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q28004559}}{{Bufonidae-stub}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Peltophryne/Peltophryne-lemur |title=Peltophryne lemur Cope, 1869 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2014 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=19 March 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fws.gov/endangered/bulletin/99/05-06/08-09.pdf |title=Recovery of the Puerto Rican Crested Toad |accessdate=November 27, 2006|author=Bob Johnson |work=Endangered Species Bulletin |publisher= fws.gov}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fws.gov/endangered/map/ESA_success_stories/PR/PR_story2/index.html |title=The Puerto Rican Crested Toad |author=Carlos Pacheco |date=17 January 2013 |work= |publisher= |accessdate=19 March 2015}} 5 : Peltophryne|Amphibians of Puerto Rico|Fauna of the British Virgin Islands|Amphibians of the United States Virgin Islands|Amphibians described in 1869 |
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