| 词条 | Eddie Adams (photographer) |
| 释义 |
|name = Eddie Adams |image = Eddie Adams (1969).jpg |caption = Eddie Adams (1969) |birthname = Edward Thomas Adams |birth_date = {{birth date|1933|06|12}} |birth_place = New Kensington, Pennsylvania, U.S.[1] |death_date = {{death date and age|2004|09|19|1933|06|12}} |death_place = New York City, New York |occupation = Photojournalism |alias = |title = |family = |spouse = Alyssa Adams |children = August Adams |relatives = |ethnicity = |religion = |salary = |networth = |credits = Pulitzer Prize–winner |URL = |agent = }}Eddie Adams (June 12, 1933 – September 19, 2004) was an American photographer and photojournalist noted for portraits of celebrities and politicians and for coverage of 13 wars. He is best known for his photograph of the execution of a Viet Cong soldier, for which he won a Pulitzer Prize in 1969.[2][3][4] Adams was a resident of Bogota, New Jersey.[5] Early lifeEdward Thomas Adams was born on June 12, 1933 in New Kensington, Pennsylvania.[6] CareerEarlyAdams joined the United States Marine Corps in 1951 during the Korean War as a combat photographer.[7] One of his assignments was to photograph the entire Demilitarized Zone from end to end immediately following the war. This took him over a month to complete.{{Citation needed|date = February 2013}} Pulitzer Prize–winning photographIt was while covering the Vietnam War for the Associated Press that he took his best-known photograph—that of police chief General Nguyễn Ngọc Loan, summarily executing Nguyễn Văn Lém, a Vietcong prisoner. This took place on a Saigon street on February 1, 1968, during the opening stages of the Tet Offensive. Adams won the 1969 Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography[7] and a World Press Photo award[8] for the photograph. Writer and critic David D. Perlmutter points out that "no film footage did as much damage as AP photographer Eddie Adams's 35mm shot taken on a Saigon street ... When people talk or write about [the Tet Offensive] at least a sentence is devoted (often with an illustration) to the Eddie Adams picture".[9] Anticipating the impact of Adams's photograph, an attempt at balance was sought by editors at The New York Times. In his memoirs, John G. Morris recalls that assistant managing editor Theodore M. Bernstein "determined that the brutality manifested by America's ally be put into perspective, agreed to run the Adams picture large, but offset with a picture of a child slain by Vietcong, which conveniently came through from AP at about the same time."[10] Nonetheless, it is Adams's photograph that is remembered while the other far less dramatic image was overlooked and soon forgotten. In Regarding the Pain of Others (2003), Susan Sontag was disturbed by what she saw as Loan's staging of the execution in the street for journalists' photographs. She wrote that "he would not have carried out the summary execution there had they [journalists] not been available to witness it" and positioned himself in profile view with the prisoner facing the cameras.[11] However, Donald Winslow of The New York Times quoted Adams as having described the image as a "reflex picture" and "wasn't certain of what he'd photographed until the film was developed". Furthermore, Winslow noted that Adams "wanted me to understand that 'Saigon Execution' was not his most important picture and that he did not want his obituary to begin, 'Eddie Adams, the photographer best known for his iconic Vietnam photograph 'Saigon Execution{{'"}}.[7] Adams would later lament the impact of the photo.[12] On Loan and his photograph, Adams wrote in Time in 1998: {{quote|Two people died in that photograph: the recipient of the bullet and General Nguyen Ngoc Loan. The general killed the Viet Cong; I killed the general with my camera. Still photographs are the most powerful weapons in the world. People believe them; but photographs do lie, even without manipulation. They are only half-truths. ... What the photograph didn't say was, "What would you do if you were the general at that time and place on that hot day, and you caught the so-called bad guy after he blew away one, two or three American people?".... This picture really messed up his life. He never blamed me. He told me if I hadn't taken the picture, someone else would have, but I've felt bad for him and his family for a long time. ... I sent flowers when I heard that he had died and wrote, "I'm sorry. There are tears in my eyes."[13]}}Loan moved to the United States, and in 1978, there was an unsuccessful attempt to rescind his permanent residence status (green card).[12] Adams advocated for Loan when the U.S. government sought to deport him based on the photograph, and apologized in person to Loan and his family for the irreparable damage it did to his honor while he was alive.{{Citation needed|date=July 2018}} When Loan died, Adams praised him as a "hero" of a "just cause".[14] On the television show War Stories with Oliver North Adams referred to Loan as "a goddamned hero!"[15] He once said, "I would have rather been known more for the series of photographs I shot of 48 Vietnamese refugees who managed to sail to Thailand in a 30-foot boat, only to be towed back to the open seas by Thai marines." The photographs, and accompanying reports, helped persuade then President Jimmy Carter to grant the nearly 200,000 Vietnamese boat people asylum.[16] He won the Robert Capa Gold Medal from the Overseas Press Club in 1977 for this series of photographs in his photo-essay, "The Boat of No Smiles" (published by AP).[17] Adams remarked, "It did some good and nobody got hurt."[16][18] On October 22, 2009 Swann Galleries auctioned a print of Saigon (General Nguyen Ngoc Loan executing a Viet Cong prisoner Nguyen Van Lém). Printed in the 1980s, it had been a gift to Adams's son. It sold for $43,200.[19] LaterAdams started a photojournalism workshop, The Eddie Adams Workshop (also known as the Barnstorm) in 1988.[20][21] It reached its thirtieth year in 2017.[22][23] AwardsAlong with the Pulitzer, Adams received over 500 awards,[24] including the George Polk Award for News Photography in 1968, 1977 and 1978,[25] World Press Photo awards on 14 occasions,[26] and numerous awards from National Press Photographers Association, Sigma Delta Chi, Overseas Press Club, and many other organizations.[27] DeathOn September 19, 2004, Adams died in New York City at age 71 from complications of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).[28][6] In 2009, his widow donated his photographic archive to the University of Texas at Austin.[29][30][31] Personal lifeHe was married to Alyssa Adams. Publications
Film about Adams
See also{{Portal bar|Biography|United States Marine Corps}}References1. ^{{cite web |last = Lucas, Dean|title = Famous Pictures Magazine - Vietnam Execution|url=http://www.famouspictures.org/vietnam-execution/|accessdate = May 1, 2013 }} 2. ^{{cite web|last=Banwell|first=Rory|title="Saigon Execution": The Consequences of Eddie Adams Pulitzer Prize Winning Photograph|date=September 19, 2013|url=http://rbp2013.wordpress.com/2013/09/19/saigon-execution-the-consequences-of-eddie-adams-pulitzer-prize-winning-photograph/comment-page-1/}} 3. ^{{cite news|last=Grundberg|first=Andy|title=Eddie Adams, Journalist Who Showed Violence of Vietnam, Dies at 71|date=September 9, 2004|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/20/arts/20adam.html}} 4. ^{{cite web|last=Adler|first=Margot|title=The Vietnam War, Through Eddie Adams' Lens|date=March 24, 2009|publisher=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=102112403}} 5. ^Kelly, Mike. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/nation-now/2017/09/30/vietnam-war-famous-photo/719243001/ "How this photographer took one of the Vietnam War's most famous photos"], USA Today, September 30, 2017. Accessed October 1, 2017. "Eddie Adams, who lived then in Bogota, N.J., took that iconic photo Feb. 1, 1968, in Saigon. It came to be known as the 'street execution' of a captured Viet Cong operative by Gen. Nguyen Ngoc Loan, the chief of South Vietnam's National Police." 6. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/photos/photogragher-eddie-adams-1390523178-slideshow/|title=Photographer Eddie Adams|access-date=2018-07-07|language=en-US}} 7. ^1 {{cite news|last=Winslow|first=Donald R.|title=The Pulitzer Eddie Adams Didn't Want|date=April 19, 2011|work=The New York Times|url=http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/the-pulitzer-eddie-adams-didnt-want/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0}} 8. ^{{cite news|accessdate=2018-07-05|title=1968 Eddie Adams SN1|url=https://www.worldpressphoto.org/collection/photo/1968/spot-news/eddie-adams|newspaper=World Press Photo}} 9. ^{{cite book|last=Perlmutter|first=David D.|title=Visions of War: Picturing Warfare from the Stone Age to the Cyber Age|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rHN_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA205 |accessdate=January 31, 2018|date=November 29, 1999|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=9780312200459|pages=205–207}} 10. ^{{cite book|last=Morris|first=John Godfrey|title=Get the Picture: A Personal History of Photojournalism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QzM2EjoCWGcC|accessdate=January 31, 2018|date=June 15, 2002|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=9780226539140}} 11. ^{{cite book | first=Susan | last=Sontag | title=Regarding the Pain of Others | location=New York | publisher=Picador/Farrar, Straus and Giroux | year=2003 | page=53}} 12. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/01/world/asia/vietnam-execution-photo.html|title=A Photo That Changed the Course of the Vietnam War|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,139659,00.html#ixzz2Tnso3aM5|title=Eulogy: General Nguyen Ngoc Loan|author=Eddie Adams|newspaper=Time Magazine|date=July 27, 1998|accessdate=May 11, 2013| archiveurl = http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,988783,00.html| archivedate = June 24, 2001}} 14. ^Image Canon - Historic Images 15. ^{{cite news|title=An American Hero: Eddie Adams |date=January 30, 2009 |url=http://www.foxnews.com/on-air/war-stories/2009/01/30/american-hero-eddie-adams |publisher=Fox News |accessdate=January 31, 2018}} 16. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ethongluan.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2306:m-u-than-1968-nguy-n-ng-c-loan-va-eddie-adams-vo-danh-t-ng-h-p&catid=66:binh-lu-n-th-i-s&Itemid=301|title=Nguyễn Ngọc Loan và Eddie Adams|author=Vô Danh tổng hợp|publisher=Thông Luận|date=November 30, 2011|accessdate=May 11, 2013}} 17. ^The OPC's Robert Capa Gold Medal {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105202454/http://www.opcofamerica.org/opc_awards/archive/byaward/award_capa.php |date=November 5, 2007 }} 18. ^{{cite web |last = Eddie Adams|title = Interview for PBS|url=https://www.pbs.org/speaktruthtopower/hr_eddie.htm|accessdate = June 1, 2007}} 19. ^"The Price of a Picture", Phill Coomes, BBC News, January 18, 2010. Accessed July 31, 2017 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://time.com/3791997/fostering-the-next-generation-the-eddie-adams-workshop-at-25-years/|title=Fostering the Next Generation: The Eddie Adams Workshop at 25 Years|last1=Adams|first1=Alyssa|website=Time|accessdate=2018-07-05}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=https://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/05/16/barnstorming-for-25-years/|title=Barnstorming for 25 Years|last1=Estrin|first1=James|newspaper=Lens Blog|accessdate=2018-07-05}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/in-sight/wp/2017/10/06/lessons-through-the-lens-and-life-9-photographers-share-their-best-memories-of-the-eddie-adams-workshop/|title=Perspective|last1=Laurent|first1=Olivier|website=Washington Post|accessdate=2018-07-05}} 23. ^{{cite news|url=https://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2017/10/04/paying-it-forward-at-the-eddie-adams-workshop/|title=Paying It Forward at the Eddie Adams Workshop|last1=Estrin|first1=James|newspaper=Lens Blog|accessdate=2018-07-05}} 24. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/gallery/2017/apr/10/eddie-adam-photojournalism-saigon-execution-pictures|title=The photojournalism of Eddie Adams – in pictures|date=2017-04-10|work=The Guardian|access-date=2018-07-05|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}} 25. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.liu.edu/Polk/Articles/Past-Winners |title=Past Winners of the George Polk Awards |accessdate=July 7, 2015 |publisher=Long Island University}} 26. ^{{cite news|accessdate=2018-07-05|title=Eddie Adams|url=https://www.worldpressphoto.org/people/eddie-adams|newspaper=World Press Photo}} 27. ^{{Cite web|url=https://legacy.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/03104/cah-03104.html|title=A Guide to the Eddie Adams Photographic Archive, ca. 1950-2004|website=Texas Archival Resources Online|publisher=University of Texas|language=en|access-date=January 30, 2018}} 28. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/photographer-eddie-adams-dies/|title=Photographer Eddie Adams Dies|access-date=2018-07-07|language=en}} 29. ^{{Cite news|url=https://nppa.org/news/606|title=Eddie Adams' Archive Donated To University Of Texas Briscoe Center|date=2009-09-18|work=NPPA|access-date=2018-07-06|language=en}} 30. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.cah.utexas.edu/collections/photojournalists/adams.php|title=Eddie Adams - Photojournalism - Strengths - Collections|last=History|first=Dolph Briscoe Center for American|date=2014-08-04|website=www.cah.utexas.edu|language=en|access-date=2018-07-06}} 31. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.cah.utexas.edu/news/press_release.php?press=press_eddie_adams|title=Eddie Adams|last=Austin|first=Dolph Briscoe Center for the American History - UT|date=2009-09-23|website=www.cah.utexas.edu|language=en|access-date=2018-07-06}} 32. ^An Unlikely Weapon (official site)
|last = Brady |first = James |authorlink = |title = The Scariest Place in the World - A Marine Returns to North Korea |publisher = Thomas Dunne Books |year = 2005 |location = New York City |pages = |url = |doi = |isbn = 978-0-312-33243-3}}{{Refend}} External links
15 : 1933 births|2004 deaths|Deaths from motor neuron disease|American Marine Corps personnel of the Korean War|American photojournalists|Vietnam War photographers|Photography in Korea|Pulitzer Prize for Photography winners|People from Bogota, New Jersey|People from New Kensington, Pennsylvania|United States Marines|Associated Press photographers|Journalists from Pennsylvania|Military personnel from Pennsylvania|American people of the Vietnam War |
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