“Quantum bus”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

A quantum bus is a device which can be used to store or transfer information between independent qubits in a quantum computer, or combine two qubits into a superposition. It is the quantum analog of a classical bus.

History

The concept was first demonstrated by researchers at Yale University and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2007.^[1]^[2]^[3] Prior to this experimental demonstration, the quantum bus had been described by scientists at NIST as one of the possible cornerstone building blocks in quantum computing architectures.^[4]

Mathematical Description

A quantum bus for superconducting qubits can be built with a resonance cavity. The hamiltonian for a system with qubit A, qubit B, and the resonance cavity or quantum bus connecting the two is

where

is the single qubit hamiltonian,

is the raising or lowering operator for creating or destroying excitations in the

th qubit, and

is controlled by the amplitude of the D.C. and radio frequency flux bias.^[5]

References

1. ^{{cite journal|author=J. Majer |author2=J. M. Chow |author3=J. M. Gambetta |author4=Jens Koch |author5=B. R. Johnson |author6=J. A. Schreier |author7=L. Frunzio |author8=D. I. Schuster |author9=A. A. Houck |author10=A. Wallraff |author11=A. Blais |author12=M. H. Devoret |author13=S. M. Girvin |author14=R. J. Schoelkopf |title=Coupling superconducting qubits via a cavity bus|date=2007-09-27|journal=Nature|volume=449|pages=443–447|doi=10.1038/nature06184|arxiv=0709.2135|pmid=17898763|issue=7161|bibcode = 2007Natur.449..443M }}
2. ^{{cite journal|author=M. A. Sillanpää|author2=J. I. Park |author3=R. W. Simmonds |title=Coherent quantum state storage and transfer between two phase qubits via a resonant cavity|journal=Nature|volume=449|pages=438–42|date=2007-09-27|doi=10.1038/nature06124|pmid=17898762|issue=7161|bibcode = 2007Natur.449..438S |arxiv = 0709.2341 }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.photonics.com/Article.aspx?AID=30972|title=All Aboard the Quantum 'Bus'|accessdate=2008-12-12|date=2007-09-27}}
4. ^{{cite journal|author=G.K. Brennen |author2=D. Song |author3=C.J. Williams|title=Quantum-computer architecture using nonlocal interactions|journal=Physical Review A|volume=67|year=2003|arxiv=quant-ph/0301012|issue=5|doi=10.1103/PhysRevA.67.050302|pages=050302|bibcode = 2003PhRvA..67e0302B }}
5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Sillanpää|first=Mika A.|last2=Park|first2=Jae I.|last3=Simmonds|first3=Raymond W.|title=Coherent quantum state storage and transfer between two phase qubits via a resonant cavity|journal=Nature|volume=449|issue=7161|pages=438–442|doi=10.1038/nature06124|pmid=17898762|arxiv=0709.2341|bibcode=2007Natur.449..438S|year=2007}}