| 词条 | Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne |
| 释义 |
|name = Queen Elizabeth II Metro Bridge |image = File:Queen Elizabeth II bridge and River Tyne (geograph 3639295).jpg |caption = The Queen Elizabeth II Metro Bridge in 2013 |coordinates = {{coord|54.9645|-1.6139|region:GB_type:landmark|display=inline}} |os_grid_reference = NZ247634 |official_name = Queen Elizabeth II Bridge |carries = Tyne and Wear Metro |crosses = River Tyne |locale = Tyneside |owner = Nexus |maint = Nexus Rail |id = |design = Steel truss construction with fabricated box chords[1] |mainspan = {{cvt|164.7|m}} |length = {{cvt|352.7|m}}[1] |width = {{cvt|10.31|m}} |height = |load = |clearance = |below = |num_track = 2 |track_gauge = {{Track gauge|standard}} |structure_gauge = |electrification = 1500 V DC |designer = W. A. Fairhurst & Partners |builder = {{ubl|Cementation Construction Ltd|Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Company}} |begin = 1976 [1] |complete = August 1978 [1] |inaugurated = {{ubl|6 November 1981|by Queen Elizabeth II}} |open = {{start date|1981|11|15|df=yes}}[1] |clearance_below = {{cvt|25|m}} |map_type = Tyne and Wear |map_relief = no }}{{Newcastle-Gateshead RDT}} The Queen Elizabeth II Bridge carries the Tyne and Wear Metro between Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead over the River Tyne in North East England. The line is in tunnels on either side of the river and only emerges into open air to cross the bridge. HistoryThe bridge was developed as part of the Tyne and Wear Metro system, for which it was purpose-built. It was designed by W. A. Fairhurst & Partners, and constructed by Cementation Construction Ltd. and the Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Company at a cost of £4.9 million.[2] The two sections of the bridge were built simultaneously from each bank and eventually met in the centre in August 1978.[3] It was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 6 November 1981, nine days before regular Metro service began.[2] It is similar to Ballachulish Bridge on the A82 which opened in 1975, which was also built by the Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Company. It was one of two major bridges built specifically for the Tyne and Wear Metro, the other being the Byker Viaduct crossing the Ouseburn valley.[4] Nocturne artworkIn 2006, Nexus, operators of the Metro, commissioned artist Nayan Kulkarni to install a huge artwork on the bridge. The artwork, Nocturne, sees the bridge painted two distinct tones of blue, while at night, 140 Lumiflood 36 LED lighting units[5] create an ever-changing pattern of colours based on photographs submitted by members of the public.[5] Nocturne was completed and opened on 26 April 2007[6] and means that all five main bridges across the Tyne between Gateshead and Newcastle have unique lighting schemes. References1. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/tlt/photo/065753.htm |access-date=2007-06-18 |df=dmy-all |title= Construction photograph of the Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne 1977 |publisher=Newcastle City Council}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite web |url=http://sine.ncl.ac.uk/view_structure_information.asp?struct_id=964 |publisher=Newcastle University |access-date=2007-06-18 |work=Structural Images of the North East (SINE) |title=Structure Details: Queen Elizabeth II Bridge |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515144420/http://sine.ncl.ac.uk/view_structure_information.asp?struct_id=964 |archive-date=15 May 2011 |df=dmy-all }} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.twmuseums.org.uk/discovery/buildingbridges/the-queen-elizabeth-ii-metro-bridge/ |title=Building Bridges |access-date=12 September 2014 |deadurl=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913012443/http://www.twmuseums.org.uk/discovery/buildingbridges/the-queen-elizabeth-ii-metro-bridge/ |archive-date=13 September 2014 |publisher=Tyne & Wear Archives & Museums}} 4. ^"Meet Your Metro" 1978 information booklet produced by Tyne and Wear Passenger Transport Executive. 5. ^1 {{cite press release |title=Nocturne Lighting Launched |publisher=Lumivision Architectural Lighting |url=http://www.lumivision.co.uk/site/news/lumivision-win-bridge-lighting-contract |access-date=2007-05-27 |df=dmy-all}} 6. ^{{cite press release |title=Nocturne – Britain's biggest new artwork is born |publisher=Nexus |date=2007-04-26 |url=http://www.nexus.org.uk/wps/wcm/connect/Nexus/Nexus/News/News+archive/2007/Nexus+news+-+Nocturne+%E2%80%93+Britain%27s+biggest+new+artwork+is+born.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071226020107/http://www.nexus.org.uk:80/wps/wcm/connect/Nexus/Nexus/News/News+archive/2007/Nexus+news+-+Nocturne+%E2%80%93+Britain%27s+biggest+new+artwork+is+born. |archive-date=2007-12-24 |access-date=2007-04-27 |df=dmy-all}} Further reading{{refbegin}}
External links
|River = River Tyne |upstream = King Edward VII Bridge |downstream = High Level Bridge |upsub = East Coast Main Line |downsub = B1307 road and Durham Coast Line |type = bridge |location = NZ248634 |thisis = Queen Elizabeth II Bridge}} 5 : Railway bridges in Tyne and Wear|Tyne and Wear Metro|Bridges completed in 1978|Crossings of the River Tyne|Places named after Queen Elizabeth II |
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