| 词条 | Quintus Sextius |
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Life{{See also|School of the Sextii}}Sextius was born no later than 70 BC.[2] He founded a school of philosophy combining some features of the Pythagoreans with others of the Stoics; and which was consequently classed sometimes with one, and sometimes with the other of those sects. Seneca describes Sextius as a Stoic but mentions that Sextius himself denied it.[3] From the Epistles of Seneca we learn that Sextius, though born of an illustrious family, had declined the office of Senator when offered him by Julius Caesar.[4] He also subjected himself to a scrupulous self-examination at the close of each day;[5] and he abstained from animal food, though for different reasons than those ascribed to Pythagoras: Sextius believed that man had enough sustenance without resorting to blood, and that a habit of cruelty is formed whenever butchery is practised for pleasure.[6] Sextius' son succeeded him as head of his school. He may be identical with the writer on pharmacology, Sextius Niger.[7] A Xystus Pythagoricus philosophus is recorded in Jerome's version of the Chronicon of Eusebius. He is also mentioned by Plutarch,[8] and by the elder Pliny.[9] Seneca writes (c. 65 AD) that the school was extinct.[10] WorkSeneca delighted much in a work of Sextius, the title of which he does not give, but which he praises, as written with great power: Ye Gods, what strength and spirit one finds in him! This is not the case with all philosophers; there are some men of illustrious name whose writings are sapless. They lay down rules, they argue, and they quibble; they do not infuse spirit simply because they have no spirit. But when you come to read Sextius you will say: "He is alive; he is strong; he is free; he is more than a man; he fills me with a mighty confidence before I close his book." I shall acknowledge to you the state of mind I am in when I read his works: I want to challenge every hazard; I want to cry: "Why keep me waiting, Fortune? Enter the lists! Behold, I am ready for you!"[11] It has sometimes been suggested that the extant Sentences of Sextus were (in their original form) written by Sextius.[12] See also
Notes1. ^Seneca, Epistles, {{ws|lix. 7-8}}, {{ws|lxiv, 2-5}}, {{ws|lxxiii. 12-15}}, {{ws|xcviii. 13}}, {{ws|cviii. 17-18}}; De Ira, ii. 36, iii. 36. 2. ^[https://www.academia.edu/8891772/The_Philosophical_Thought_of_the_School_of_the_Sextii_in_Epekeina_vol._4_n._1-2_2014_pp._327-339 The Philosophical Thought of the School of the Sextii by Omar Di Paola] 3. ^Seneca, Epistles, lxiv, 2. 4. ^Seneca, Epistles, xcviii. 13. 5. ^Seneca, De Ira, iii. 36. 6. ^Seneca, Epistles, cviii. 18. 7. ^Lana (1953), 8-9. 8. ^Plutarch, De Profect. Virtut. Sentent. Opp. vol. vi. 9. ^Pliny, Naturalis Historia, xviii. 68, alibi. 10. ^Seneca, Naturales Quaestiones, vii. 32 11. ^Seneca, Epistles, lxiv, 3. 12. ^Richard M. Gummere, Seneca, Epistles 1-65, page 412. Loeb Classical Library. Bibliography
5 : 1st-century BC Romans|Neo-Pythagoreans|Philosophers of Roman Italy|Roman-era Stoic philosophers|Sextii |
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