| 词条 | Rabigh |
| 释义 |
{{original research|date=April 2016}} {{refimprove|date=October 2014}}}}{{Infobox settlement |official_name = Rabigh |nickname = One of the Miqat |native_name = رَابِغ {{ar icon}} |other_name = {{lang-ar|مِيْقَات ٱلْجُحْفَة|Mīqāt Al-Juḥfah}} | image_skyline = Mosque at Johfa.JPG | image_size = 250px |image_caption = Masjid Miqat Al-Juhfah, Wadi Rabigh |image_map = Medina, Saudi Arabia locator map.png |map_caption = Location of al Juhfah is ES. of Rabigh |coordinates = {{Coord|22|48|N|39|02|E|region:SA_type:city_source:enwiki-GNS|display=title}} |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{KSA}} |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Makkah |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |established_title = Rabigh, Saudi Arabia |established_date = |established_title2 = Rabigh, Saudi Arabia |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |unit_pref = Metric |area_magnitude = |area_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |area_urban_km2 = |elevation_m = |area_footnotes = |timezone = AST |utc_offset = +3 | }}Rābigh ({{lang-ar|رَابِغ}}) is an ancient Hejazi town on the Red Sea coast of the Arabian Peninsula, now within the province of Makkah in Saudi Arabia. It is located {{convert|17|km|mile|abbr=off}} northwest of Masjid Miqat al-Juhfah.[1] HistoryUbaydah's Expedition in Batn Rabigh{{Main|Expedition of Ubaydah ibn al-Harith}}According to Islamic historical sources, in April 623 CE, the Prophet Muhammad sent Ubaydah ibn al-Harith with a party of sixty armed Muhajirun to the valley of Rabigh. They expected to intercept a Qurayshi caravan that was returning from Syria under the protection of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and 200 armed riders.[2][3][4][5][6] The Muslim party travelled as far as the wells at Thanyat al-Murra,[2][5] where Ubaydah ibn al-Harith shot an arrow at the Quraysh. This is known as the first arrow of Islam.[7][8] Despite this surprise attack, "they did not unsheath a sword or approach one another," and the Muslims returned empty-handed;[3][4][5] however, two Meccan traders left their caravan, became Muslim, and went with the expedition back to Medina.[9] Ghadir Khumm{{main|The event of Ghadir Khumm}}{{see also|Wikisource:The Last Sermon of Muhammad}}The hadith of the pond of Khumm narrates that Muhammad is reported to have pronounced Ali ibn Abi Talib the mawla of those for whom Muhammad was mawla.[10] Shi'ite Muslims take and claim this hadith as an announcement and investiture of Ali bin Abi Talib as the first caliph or successor after the Prophet's death and they celebrate this announcement each year as Eid al-Ghadeer. Many Sunnis also accept that the Prophet did actually declare Ali as the mawla, however they refuse to believe that this meant succession to the Prophet. Part of the sermon is as follows: {{quote|O people, Allah the Most Kind the Omniscient has told me that no apostle lives to more than half the age of him who had preceded him. I think I am about to be called (to die) and thus I must respond. I am responsible and you are responsible, then what do you say?' They said, 'We witness that you have informed, advised and striven. May Allah bless you.' He said, 'Do you not bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and Apostle, and that His Heaven is true, His Hell is true, death is true, the Resurrection after death is true, that there is no doubt that the Day of Judgment will come, and that Allah will resurrect the dead from their graves?' They said, 'Yes, we bear witness.' He said, 'O Allah, bear witness.' Then he said, 'O people, Allah is my Lord and I am the lord of the believers. I am worthier of believers than themselves. Of whomsoever I had been Mawla, Ali here is to be his Mawla.{{efn|Man kuntu mawlāhu fa-ʿAlī mawlāh ({{lang-ar|مَنْ كُنْتُ مَوْلَاهُ فَعَلِي مَوْلَاه}}).[11]}} O Allah, be a supporter of whoever supports him (Ali) and an enemy of whoever opposes him and divert the Truth to Ali.'}}{{quote|O people, I will go ahead of you and you will arrive at my Pond (in Heaven) which is wider than the distance between Basra and San'a. It has receptacles as numerous as the stars, and two cups of gold and two of silver. I will ask you about the two weighty things that I have left for you when you come to me to see how you dealt with them. The greater weighty thing is Allah's book—the Holy Qur'an. One end is in Allah's hand and the other is in your hands. Keep it and you will not deviate. That other weighty thing is my family and my descendents. The Most Kind the Omniscient had told me that both of them, would not separate until they come to my Pond.}}According to a similar narration of the event, the Prophet said:{{efn|Note, however, that these above quotes are part of Muhammad's speech. The full sermon that Muhammad delivered is much longer.}} {{quote|O people! Reflect on the Quran and comprehend its verses. Look into its clear verses and do not follow its ambiguous parts, for by Allah, none shall be able to explain to you its warnings and its mysteries, nor shall anyone clarify its interpretation, other than the one that I have grasped his hand, brought up beside myself (and lifted his arm), the one about whom I inform you that whomever I am his Mawla, this Ali is his Mawla; and he is Ali Ibn Abi Talib, my brother, my Waṣiyy ({{lang-ar|وَصِيّ}}, "Executor of Will"), whose appointment as your guardian and leader has been sent down to me from Allah, the mighty and the majestic.[12]}}Right after Muhammad finished delivering the speech, the following verse of the Qu'ran was revealed:[13][14][15] This day have those who reject faith given up all hope of your religion: yet fear them not but fear Me. This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion (5:3). TransportRabigh is connected by Highway 60 to Yanbu and Thuwal.[16] See also
Notes{{notelist}}References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://hajjumrahplanner.com/al-juhfah/|title=Al-Juhfah {{!}} Hajj & Umrah Planner|website=hajjumrahplanner.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2017-04-10}} 2. ^1 Ibn Ishaq/Guillaume, p. 281. 3. ^1 Ibn Saad/Bewley, p. 37. 4. ^1 Haykal, M. H. (1935). Translated by al-Faruqi, I. R. A. (1976). The Life of Muhammad, p. 256. Chicago: North American Trust Publications. 5. ^1 2 Mubarakpuri, S. R. (1979). Ar-Raheeq Al-Maktum (The Sealed Nectar), p. 92. Riyadh: Darussalem Publishers. 6. ^{{cite book|last=Hawarey|first=Dr. Mosab|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vJVqNwAACAAJ&dq=9789957051648|isbn=9789957051648|title=The Journey of Prophecy; Days of Peace and War (Arabic)|publisher=Islamic Book Trust|year=2010}}Note: Book contains a list of battles of Muhammad in Arabic, English translation available [https://www.webcitation.org/5zLhjeYyz?url=http://military.hawarey.org/military_english.htm here] 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Razwy|first1=Sayed Ali Asgher|title=A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims|page=128}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Muir|first1=Sir William|title=The Life of Mohammed|date=1877|location=London}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Razwy|first1=Sayed Ali Asgher|title=A Restatement of the History of Islam & Muslims|page=128}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e706?_hi=6&_pos=2|title=Ghadir Khumm|work=oxfordislamicstudies.com}} 11. ^{{cite book| title = E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936| url = https://books.google.com/?id=GpQ3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA134| year = 1987| publisher = BRILL| isbn = 90-04-08265-4| page = 134 }} 12. ^The Last Sermon of Muhammad by Shia Accounts 13. ^{{cite book|last1=al-Bahrani|first1=Seyyed Hashim|title=Al-Burhan Fi Tafsir al-Quran|volume=1|pages=434–437}} 14. ^{{cite book|last1=Makarem Shirazi|first1=Naser|title=Tafsir Nemooneh|volume=4|pages=263–271}} 15. ^{{cite book|last1=Sobhani|first1=Ja'far|title=Al-Iman va al-Kofr fi al-Ketab va al-Sunnah|volume=1|page=244}} 16. ^{{cite news |publisher=Al-Yaum |title=الأمير عبدالله يدشن طريق القصيم ـ المدينة المنورة ـ ينبع ـ رابغ ـ ثول السريع غدا |language=ar |url=http://www.alyaum.com/article/1112773 |date=2003-09-23 |access-date=}} External links
7 : Populated places in Makkah Province|Geography of Saudi Arabia|Islam in Saudi Arabia|Islamic holy places|Hajj|Wadis of Saudi Arabia|Ziyarat |
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