| 词条 | Racket-tailed coquette |
| 释义 |
| image = Trochilidae - Discosura longicauda.JPG | image_caption = Mounted specimen of Discosura longicaudus, the racket-tailed coquette | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | genus = Discosura | species = longicaudus | authority = Gmelin, 1788 | range_map = Discosura longicaudus map.svg | range_map_alt = Map of South America with northern Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, southern Venezuela, and the eastern tip of Brazil highlighted in green | range_map_caption = Range of the racket-tailed coquette | synonyms = Discosura longicauda (Gmelin, 1788) | synonyms_ref = [2] }} The racket-tailed coquette (Discosura longicaudus; sometimes Discosura longicauda[3]) is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae native to northern South America. TaxonomyGerman naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin described the racket-tailed coquette in 1788.[4] Its species name is from the Latin words longus "long" and cauda "tail".[5] It is sometimes considered to be the only member of the genus Discosura, as the thorntails, the other possible members of the genus, are often placed in the genus Popelairia.[6][7] Martin Johnson Heade depicted two coquettes in his painting Two Green-Breasted Hummingbirds ({{circa|1863}}), as part of his "Gems of Brazil".[8]DescriptionThe species weighs about {{convert|3.4|g|oz}} and is sexually dimorphic. The male is around {{convert|10.2|cm|in}} long and has a distinctive brilliant green head and throat with a copper-coloured abdomen. The dark purple-brown tail is {{convert|5.1|cm|in}} long, and forked, with two very long prongs, ending with a pair of round paddle- ("racket") shaped feathers. The female is shorter with a length of {{convert|6.9|cm|in}}. It has duller green upperparts and breast, black throat bordered by white and a white belly. Its tail is grey tipped with white,[9] and lacks "rackets".[10] Distribution and habitatThe racket-tailed coquette has a wide distribution range; it is found in northern Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and southern Venezuela. It is also found on the eastern tip of Brazil[6] Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, as well as riparian forests and scrubby savannahs.[7] BehaviorRacket-tailed coquettes typically gather in the canopy of hapaxanth trees with other hummingbirds and steal other larger hummingbirds' nectar. They are consequently chased by the larger birds.[9] They build their cup-sized nests out of soft plants and down {{convert|3|–|6|m|ft}} up a tree. Females usually have a clutch of two eggs, which are incubated for 13–14 days.[10] References1. ^{{IUCN|id=22687285 |title=Discosura longicaudus |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Discosura longicaudus (Gmelin, 1788)|url=http://avesamericanas.lifedesks.org/pages/89108|publisher=Colaboraciones Americanas Sobre Aves|accessdate=23 February 2013}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Zoological Citation Notes --L|url=http://www.zoonomen.net/avtax/n/l.html#D.longicaudusSpell|work=Zoological Nomenclature Resource|accessdate=23 February 2013|date=14 July 2002}} 4. ^{{cite book| last1 = Sibley| first1 = Charles Gald| authorlink1 = Charles Sibley| last2 = Monroe| first2 = Burt Leavelle| authorlink2 = Burt Monroe| title = Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk-vyrNVAccC&pg=PA148&dq=Racket-tailed+Coquette&hl=en&sa=X&ei=SAstUa3rIuHamAWQj4G4Ag&ved=0CFkQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Racket-tailed%20Coquette&f=false| year = 1990| publisher = Yale University Press| isbn = 0300049692| page = 148 }} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Jobling|first=James A.|title=Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names|url=http://nature.baikal.ru/files/605/1408125013.pdf|accessdate=23 February 2013|year=2010|publisher=Christopher Helm|isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4|page=229}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|title=Racket-tailed Coquette (Discosura longicauda)|url=http://ibc.lynxeds.com/node/3735|publisher=The Internet Bird Collection|accessdate=21 February 2013}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|last=Sedgwick|first=Carolyn W.|editor=T. S. Schulenberg|title=Discosura longicaudus|url=http://neotropical.birds.cornell.edu/portal/species/overview?p_p_spp=243451|work=Neotropical Birds|publisher=Cornell Lab of Ornithology|accessdate=26 February 2013|year=2011}} 8. ^{{cite book|last1=Theodore E. Jr.|first1=Stebbins|authorlink1=Theodore Stebbins|last2=Comey|first2=Janet L.|last3=Quinn|first3=Karen E.|title=The Life and Work of Martin Johnson Heade: A Critical Analysis and Catalogue Raisonné|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gNFx52gtYpUC&pg=PA71|accessdate=25 February 2013|year=2000|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-08183-1|page=71}} 9. ^1 {{cite book|last=Hilty|first=Steven L.|title=Birds of Venezuela|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2002|page=408|isbn=1400834090|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=40mFwoALUFUC&pg=PA408&dq=Racket-tailed+Coquette&hl=en&sa=X&ei=84EoUdyiA4fLmgWF2ICADQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Racket-tailed%20Coquette&f=false}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|title=Racket-tailed Coquette (Discosura longicaudus)|url=http://www.planetofbirds.com/apodiformes-trochilidae-racket-tailed-coquette-discosura-longicaudus|publisher=Planetofbirds.com|accessdate=26 February 2013|date=8 May 2011}} External links{{Commons category|Discosura longicaudus}}{{Wikispecies|Discosura longicauda}}
8 : Discosura|Birds of the Atlantic Forest|Birds of the Guianas|Birds of the Amazon Basin|Birds of the Venezuelan Amazon|Birds described in 1788|Birds of Brazil|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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