| 词条 | Ravishankar Vyas |
| 释义 |
| name = Ravishankar Maharaj | image = Ravisankar maharaj.jpg | alt = Ravishankar Maharaj portrait | caption = | birth_name = Ravishankar Vyas | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1884|02|25}} | birth_place = Radhu village, British India (now in Kheda district, Gujarat, India) | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1984|07|01|1884|02|25}} | death_place = Borsad, Gujarat, India | nationality = Indian | other_names = | occupation = Activist, social worker | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = | spouse = Surajba | parents = Pitambar Shivram Vyas, Nathiba | signature = Ravishankar Maharaj Sign.jpg }} Ravishankar Vyas, better known as Ravishankar Maharaj, was an Indian independence activist, social worker and Gandhian from Gujarat. LifeRavishankar Vyas was born on 25 February 1884, Mahashivaratri, in Radhu village (now in Kheda district, Gujarat, India) to Pitambar Sivram Vyas and Nathiba, a Vadara Brahmin peasant family. His family was native of Sarsavani village near Mahemdavad. He dropped out after the sixth standard to help his parents in agriculture work.[1][2] He married Surajba. His father died when he was 19 and his mother died when he was 22.[3] He was influenced by Arya Samaj philosophy.[2] He met Mahatma Gandhi in 1915 and joined his independence and social activism.[2] He was one of the earliest and closest associates of Gandhi and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, and along with Darbar Gopaldas Desai, Narhari Parikh and Mohanlal Pandya, the chief organizer of nationalist revolts in Gujarat in the 1920s and 1930s. He worked for years for rehabilitation of Baraiya and Patanvadiya castes of coastal central Gujarat.[4][5] He founded Rashtriya Shala (National School) in Sunav village in 1920. He left his rights on ancestral property against wish of wife and joined Indian Independence Movement in 1921. He participated in Borsad Satyagraha in 1923 and protested against Haidiya Tax. He also participated in Bardoli Satyagraha in 1926 and was imprisoned by British authority for six months. He participated in relief work of flood in 1927 which earned him recognition. He joined Gandhi in Salt March in 1930 and was imprisoned for two years.[6] In 1942, he also participated in Quit India Movement in 1942 and also tried to pacify communal violence in Ahmedabad.[1][4][3] After independence of India in 1947, he devoted himself to social work. He joined Vinoba Bhave in Bhoodan Movement and travelled 6000 kilometres between 1955 and 1958. In 1960s, he organised and supported Sarvodaya Movement.[5] Ravishankar Maharaj inaugurated Gujarat state when it was created on 1 May 1960.[7] He also opposed the Emergency in 1975. Until his death, it was a tradition that every newly appointed Chief Minister of Gujarat visit him for blessings after taking oath of office. He died on 1 July 1984 in Borsad, Gujarat.[1][3][8][9] The memorial dedicated to him is located at Adhyapan Mandir, Vallabh Vidyalaya, Bochasan.[10] WorksHe wrote about education, rural reconstruction and Kolkata.[11][1] RecognitionThe Government of India released postal stamp in his honour in 1984. Ravishankar Maharaj Award for social work, worth {{INR}}1Lakh, is instituted by Department of Social Justice, Government of Gujarat in his honour.[12] In popular cultureJhaverchand Meghani has written Manasai Na Diva based on his experiences with him during his social work among tribals.[13] Pannalal Patel has also written a biographical novel Jene Jivi Janyu (1984) on him. References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last=Lal|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4607|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|pages=4607–4608}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=M. V. Kamath|title=Milkman from Anand: the story of Verghese Kurien|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HGjtAAAAMAAJ|year=1996|publisher=Konark Publishers|page=24}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web | title=પ.પૂ.રવિશંકર મહારાજ | website=WebGurjari | date=1 May 2014 | url=http://webgurjari.in/2014/05/01/ravishankar-maharaj/ | language=gu | accessdate=24 December 2016}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|author=David Hardiman|title=Peasant nationalists of Gujarat: Kheda District, 1917–1934|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lzWFAAAAIAAJ|year=1981|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=175, 272–273}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|author=Thomas Weber|title=Gandhi's Peace Army: The Shanti Sena and Unarmed Peacekeeping|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BJ2B1TY6dL8C&pg=PA74|year=1996|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=978-0-8156-2684-8|pages=74, 108, 125}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Thomas Weber|title=On the Salt March: The Historiography of Gandhi's March to Dandi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5BtuAAAAMAAJ|date=1 January 1997|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers India|isbn=978-81-7223-263-4|page=166}} 7. ^{{cite book|author=Parvis Ghassem-Fachandi|title=Pogrom in Gujarat: Hindu Nationalism and Anti-Muslim Violence in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EFnjJa_xefsC&pg=PA295|date=8 April 2012|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-4259-9|page=295}} 8. ^{{cite book|title=Bhavan's Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8u0DAAAAMAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan.|page=71}} 9. ^{{cite book|title=Sarvodaya|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nuwrAAAAIAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Sarvodaya Prachuralaya.|page=94}} 10. ^{{cite web | title=Our Motivator | website=Adhyapan Mandir | url=http://adhyapanmandirbochasan.org/gandhi_sardar_maharaj.html | accessdate=24 December 2016}} 11. ^{{cite book|author=Sisir Kumar Das|title=History of Indian Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sHklK65TKQ0C&pg=PA618|year=2000|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-7201-006-5|page=618}} 12. ^{{cite web | last=Justice | first=Department of Social | title=બીસીકે-૨૯૯ : પૂ. રવિશંકર મહારાજ એવોર્ડ | website=Department of Social Justice, Government of Gujarat| url=https://sje.gujarat.gov.in/ddcw/showpage.aspx?contentid=1550 | language=gu | accessdate=24 December 2016}} 13. ^{{cite book|author1=Nalini Natarajan|author2=Emmanuel Sampath Nelson|title=Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lTnv6o-d_oC&pg=PA114|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-28778-7|page=114}} External links{{Commons category|Ravishankar Vyas}}
9 : Indian independence activists from Gujarat|Gandhians|1884 births|1984 deaths|Indian social reformers|Indian pacifists|Gujarati-language writers|Indian centenarians|People from Kheda district |
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