| 词条 | Reid Bryson |
| 释义 |
In 1944, during World War II, he was one of the few meteorologists who accurately identified Typhoon Cobra, which savaged Halsey's Third Fleet. Bryson was made a Global Laureate by the United Nations Global Environment Program in 1990.[3] ViewsBryson's main contribution to the debate on climate change was the idea of "the human volcano" causing global cooling, via an increase in aerosol loading.[4] This idea was sparked in 1962 by his own observation, while flying across India en route to a conference, that his view of the ground was blocked not by clouds but by dust. At the time, the instrumental temperature record did not show unambiguous warming and the view that the earth might be cooling, and heading for further cooling, was not unreasonable. Others, including Hubert Lamb, who created a Dust Veil Index,[5] thought volcanoes were more responsible for global-scale aerosol.[6] In 1973, Bryson testified to Congress that global warming from fossil-fuel combustion was politically unstoppable. There is no way right now that we can control the climate to make it more benign. Even if we were to say "let us stop using fossil fuels so that we do not add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, because that impacts the world climate," how on earth could you stop using fossil fuels? Even those countries that are most heavily impacted by the climatic change are the ones who say it is our turn to be affluent and it is in the use of fossil fuels that one gains affluence.[7] In later years, when it was clear that the climate was indeed warming, Bryson argued that while climate change and a global increase in temperature are real, he did not believe that they are caused by human activity. Rather, he argued that they are part of natural global climate cycles, particularly the end of the Little Ice Age: "All this argument is the temperature going up or not, it’s absurd," Bryson continues. "Of course it’s going up. It has gone up since the early 1800s, before the Industrial Revolution, because we’re coming out of the Little Ice Age, not because we’re putting more carbon dioxide into the air."[8] Selected publicationsBryson wrote more than 230 articles and five books, including Climates of Hunger, which won the Banta Medal for Literary Achievement.[9] Books
Selected articles{{refbegin}}
References{{cite book |first=Bruce |last=Henderson |title=Down to the Sea: An Epic Story of Naval Disaster and Heroism in World War II |isbn=978-0061173172 |date=2008-11-04 }}1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.madison.com/tct/news/291195|title=UW prof Bryson, climatology pioneer, dies at 88|date=2008-06-12|work=The Capital Times|accessdate=2008-06-13|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628093903/http://www.madison.com/tct/news/291195|archivedate=2009-06-28|df=}} 2. ^http://ccr.aos.wisc.edu/about/ReidBrysonScholarship/theScholarship.php 3. ^Global 500 Environmental Forum. Reid A. Bryson 4. ^{{cite news |author=Anderson Jr., A. |title=Weather Forecast For the Future:? |newspaper=Lakeland Ledger |page=6-D |date=29 December 1974 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FPESAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0PoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4917,8525417}} 5. ^http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Lambs_dust-veil_index.aspx 6. ^http://history.aip.org/climate/aerosol.htm 7. ^{{cite book|url=http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112019044384;view=1up;seq=126|title=U.S. and world food situation. Hearings, before the Subcommittee on Agricultural Production, Marketing, and Stabilization of Prices and Subcommittee on Foreign Agricultural Policy of the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, United States Senate, Ninety-third Congress, first session|author=U.S. Congress|publisher=U.S. G.P.O.|date=October 18, 1973|page=120}} 8. ^{{cite news | first=Dave | last=Hoopman | coauthors= | title=The Faithful Heretic: A Wisconsin Icon Pursues Tough Questions | date=May 2007 | publisher= | url=http://www.wecnmagazine.com/2007issues/may/may07.html | work=Wisconsin Energy Cooperative News | pages= | accessdate=2008-04-21 | language= | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20070913051956/http%3A//www.wecnmagazine.com/2007issues/may/may07.html | archivedate=2007-09-13 | df= }} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.alumnifriends.mines.edu/photo_gallery/2003/hon_degree_medal_200305/bryson.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2007-06-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070512212406/http://www.alumnifriends.mines.edu/photo_gallery/2003/hon_degree_medal_200305/bryson.htm |archivedate=2007-05-12 |df= }} External links
8 : 1920 births|2008 deaths|Denison University alumni|University of Chicago alumni|University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty|American climatologists|American meteorologists|Environmental skepticism |
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