| 词条 | René Kalisky |
| 释义 |
| birth_name = René Kalisky (born Kaliski) | image = René Kalisky.jpg | caption = Kalisky in 1965 | parents = Abraham Kaliski Fradla Wach | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1936|7|20}} | birth_place = Etterbeek, Belgium | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1981|5|6|1936|7|20}} | death_place = Paris, France | resting_place = Paris, France | occupation = Playwright, Novelist, essayist, journalist, historian | notable_works = Falsch | known_for = Surtexte,[1] Superacting, Supertext[2] | spouse = Mechthild Esther Kaliski (1941–) | signature = René Kalisky2.svg }} René Kalisky (Brussels, 20 July 1936 - Paris, 1981) was a Belgian writer of Polish-Jewish descent descent who is best known for the plays he wrote in the last 12 years of his life. Kalisky, whose father, Abraham Kaliski was killed at Auschwitz, was himself hidden from harm during World War II. Personal lifeKalisky was born in Etterbeek, one of municipalities located in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium, the 20th of July 1936. His father Abram Kaliski was born in Lodz the 10th of May 1908. His grandparents, Solomon Yitzhak Kaliski and Hadassah Kaliski had at least 8 children, who all perished during the holocaust except for one son and one daughter. After his wife’s death, fleeing the pogroms, Solomon traveled to South Africa before ending up in Mandatory Palestine at the beginning of the century and died in Tel-Aviv in 1948, aged 80. Abram emigrated to Belgium where he became a leather merchant and a dancer. Aged 23, in 1932, he met and married Fradla Wach , born in Warsaw on November 15, 1901. They had four children: René who became a writer, Haim who became a historian, cartoonist and author, Sarah who became a painter and Ida. All of the four children were dispatched and remained hidden in separate places duringthe war. Their parents stayed alone and survived almost until the surrender of the Nazi German forces. Abram nevertheless was caught by the Belgian police while seeking milk for their newborn. After being imprisoned and tortured in the Mechelen transit camp, he reportedly was assassinated in Auschwitz around December 1945, being 36 years old. Fridla gathered her four kids and raised them alone after the war ended. Kalisky was about eight years old when he lost his father. Although their mother was illiterate, he recalled his parents always wished their children could become accomplished artists. CareerHe began his career in the field of publishing as a secretary and, in the field of journalism, notably the Patriot Illustré, before taking the path to theater. In 1968, he began with the publication of Europa, in Belgium. Kalisky wrote several historical pieces including Trotsky (1969), Skandalon (1970), Jim le Téméraire and Le Pique-Nique de Claretta (1973). He also authored two major essays published in 1968 and reissued in the 1980s on Arab political history, L’origine et l’essor du monde arabe and Le monde arabe à l'heure actuelle: Le réveil et la quête de l’unité. He worked with Jacques Lemarchand, director of the established collection “Le Manteau d’Arlequin”, at Gallimard in France until 1974. His career slowly began to flourish as he received several literary prizes, including the Annual Dramatic Literature Prize awarded by the Society of Dramatic Authors and Composers in 1974 and the Triennial Grand Prize for Dramatic Literature awarded by the Government in 1975. He then was awarded by Germany and asked to craft an original project across a yearlong stay in former western Berlin. In 1977, the French editor, Stock published several controversial pieces, including , “La passion selon Pier Paolo Pasolini”, “Dave au bord de mer”, “Résumé” and “Du sur jeu au sur texte” in which he describes us his own and personal vision of his theater work. His last pieces were mostly directed by French theatrical companies, “Sur les ruines de Carthage” (1980). Several theater and film directors expressed an increasing interest in Kalisky and brought his works to the stage, including Antoine Vitez, Albert-André Lheureux, Ewa Lewinson, Bernard de Coster, Jean- Pierre Miquel, or Marcel Delval. Since 1974, Kalisky's plays have been played and replayed on the most National stages, such as Le Botanique Garden Theater in Brussels, the Théâtre National de l'Odéon, at the Comédie Francaise,the Théâtre de l'Est Parisien, or Théâtre National de Chaillot and the Festival d’Avignon. He abruptly died of lung cancer aged 44. Among his friends and contemporary authors, Romain Gary shared a special relationship with Kalisky, as he viewed them, as recalled by their published correspondence.[3] The abundant published correspondence with Antoine Vitez showed how close they had become. Awards and Recognition
Works
Movies
Surtexte, Supertext or SuperactingThe "surtexte" technique that he forged along his short career has been studied by numerous directors and authors as defined by Encyclopedia Universalis.[18] That new concept could be related to "Brecht's "distancing effect" ("Verfremdungseffekt"), which aims to break the theatrical illusion to awaken the critical sense of the audience by giving it to see the artificial nature of representation, and thus making everyone aware of his position as a spectator"[19] Bibliography
Translations of Kalisky's Plays
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.universalis.fr/dictionnaire/surtexte/|title=Définition de surtexte - Encyclopædia Universalis|first=Encyclopædia|last=Universalis|website=www.universalis.fr}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rene-Kalisky|title=René Kalisky - Belgian author|publisher=}} 3. ^[Correspondance : Lettres de [Romain Gary] à [René Kalisky] (1972-1980)] 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1989/05/06/storia-di-coppi-campione-di-ghiaccio.html?ref=search|title=STORIA DI COPPI, CAMPIONE DI GHIACCIO - la Repubblica.it|publisher=}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1989/04/15/vitez-vediamo-un-po-com-era-il.html?ref=search|title=VITEZ: 'VEDIAMO UN PO' COM' ERA IL TEATRO DELLA RIVOLUZIONE...' - la Repubblica.it|publisher=}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/artiste/claude-mathieu|title=Claude Mathieu|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/artiste/berengere-dautun|title=Bérengère Dautun|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/artiste/patrice-kerbrat|title=Patrice Kerbrat|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/artiste/jean-le-poulain|title=Jean Le Poulain|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/evenements/aida-vaincue90-91|title=Aïda vaincue|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/comediens-de-la-troupe|title=Comédiens de la Troupe|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/artiste/alberte-aveline|title=Alberte Aveline|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/artiste/jean-yves-dubois|title=Jean-Yves Dubois|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.comedie-francaise.fr/fr/artiste/dominique-constanza|title=Dominique Constanza|first=Hands|last=Agency|publisher=}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b90649840/f1.planchecontact|title=[Aïda vaincue. Mise en scène de Patrice Kerbrat : photographies / Daniel Cande]|first=Cande, Daniel (1938-....).|last=Photographe|date=21 September 1990|website=Gallica}} 16. ^{{cite journal|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/655340/summary|title=Falsch by René Kalisky (review)|first=Judith|last=Gershman|date=21 September 1983|publisher=|journal=Performing Arts Journal|volume=7|issue=3|pages=84–85|via=Project MUSE}} 17. ^Mosley, Philip. 2013. The Cinema of the Dardenne Brothers: Responsible Realism. New York: Wallflower Press. 18. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.universalis.fr/dictionnaire/surtexte/|title=Définition de surtexte - Encyclopædia Universalis|first=Encyclopædia|last=Universalis|website=www.universalis.fr}} 19. ^Du Surjeu au surtexte» in Dave au Bord de Mer, Paris, L'Arche, 1992, pp. 91-109 External links
12 : 1936 births|1981 deaths|20th-century dramatists and playwrights|Belgian Jews|Belgian people of Polish-Jewish descent|Belgian writers in French|Belgian dramatists and playwrights|Jewish dramatists and playwrights|French dramatists and playwrights|French writers|French essayists|20th-century essayists |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。