| 词条 | Retinoic acid receptor |
| 释义 |
| Name = retinoic acid receptor alpha | caption = | image = | width = | HGNCid = 9864 | Symbol = RARA | AltSymbols = | EntrezGene = 5914 | OMIM = 180240 | RefSeq = NM_000964 | UniProt = P10276 | PDB = | ECnumber = | Chromosome = 17 | Arm = q | Band = 21.1 | LocusSupplementaryData = }}{{infobox protein | Name = retinoic acid receptor beta | caption = | image = | width = | HGNCid = 9865 | Symbol = RARB | AltSymbols = | EntrezGene = 5915 | OMIM = 180220 | RefSeq = NM_000965 | UniProt = P10826 | PDB = | ECnumber = | Chromosome = 3 | Arm = p | Band = 24 | LocusSupplementaryData = }}{{infobox protein | Name = retinoic acid receptor gamma | caption = | image = | width = | HGNCid = 9866 | Symbol = RARG | AltSymbols = | EntrezGene = 5916 | OMIM = 180190 | RefSeq = NM_000966 | UniProt = P13631 | PDB = | ECnumber = | Chromosome = 12 | Arm = q | Band = 13 | LocusSupplementaryData = }} The retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is a type of nuclear receptor which can also act as a transcription factor[1] that is activated by both all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid.[2] There are three retinoic acid receptors (RAR), RAR-alpha, RAR-beta, and RAR-gamma, encoded by the {{gene|RARA}}, {{gene|RARB}}, {{gene|RARG}} genes, respectively. Each receptor isoform has ten splice variants: four for alpha, four for beta, and two for gamma. As with other type II nuclear receptors, RAR heterodimerizes with RXR and in the absence of ligand, the RAR/RXR dimer binds to hormone response elements known as retinoic acid response elements (RAREs) complexed with corepressor protein. Binding of agonist ligands to RAR results in dissociation of corepressor and recruitment of coactivator protein that, in turn, promotes transcription of the downstream target gene into mRNA and eventually protein. In addition, the expression of RAR genes is under epigenetic regulation by promoter methylation. [3] See also
References1. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Germain P, Chambon P, Eichele G, Evans RM, Lazar MA, Leid M, De Lera AR, Lotan R, Mangelsdorf DJ, Gronemeyer H |title=International Union of Pharmacology. LX. Retinoic acid receptors |journal= Pharmacol Rev |volume= 58 |issue= 4 |pages= 712–25 |year= 2006| doi = 10.1124/pr.58.4.4 |pmid= 17132850}} 2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Allenby G, Bocquel MT, Saunders M, Kazmer S, Speck J, Rosenberger M, Lovey A, Kastner P, Grippo JF, Chambon P, Levin AA |title=Retinoic acid receptors and retinoid X receptors: interactions with endogenous retinoic acids |journal= Proc Natl Acad Sci USA |volume= 90 |issue= 1 |pages= 30–4 |year= 1993| doi = 10.1073/pnas.90.1.30 |pmid= 8380496 |pmc=45593}} 3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Rotondo JC, Borghi A, Selvatici R, Mazzoni E, Bononi I, Corazza M, Kussini J, Montinari E, Gafà R, Tognon M, Martini F | title = Association of Retinoic Acid Receptor β Gene With Onset and Progression of Lichen Sclerosus-Associated Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma. | journal = JAMA Dermatology | volume = 154| issue = 7| pages = 819-823 | date = 2018 | pmid = 29898214| doi = 10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.1373 }} External links
2 : Intracellular receptors|Transcription factors |
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