| 词条 | Reveal system |
| 释义 |
A 20th-century system of plant taxonomy, the Reveal system (see also the Thorne & Reveal system{{sfn|Reveal|2011}}{{sfn|Thorne|Reveal|2007}}) of plant classification was drawn up by the American botanist James Reveal (1941-2015). The system was published online in 1997 in ten parts{{sfn|Reveal|1997}} as lecture notes comparing the major systems in use at that time.{{sfn|Reveal|1998}} Subsequently, Reveal became an author with the consensus Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) on the APG II 2003{{sfn|APG II|2003}} and APG III 2009{{sfn|APG III|2009}}{{sfn|Chase|Reveal|2009}} processes. Although this largely supplanted the earlier and competing systems, he collaborated with Robert Thorne on his system (2007),{{sfn|Thorne|Reveal|2007}} and subsequently continued to develop his own system.{{sfn|Reveal|2011}}{{sfn|Reveal|2012}} 1997 system
class Magnoliopsida subclass Magnoliidae class Piperopsida subclass Piperidae subclass Nymphaeidae subclass Nelumbonidae class Liliopsida [= monocots] subclass Triurididae subclass Aridae subclass Liliidae subclass Arecidae subclass Commelinidae subclass Zingiberidae class Ranunculopsida subclass Ranunculidae class Rosopsida subclass Caryophyllidae subclass Hamamelididae subclass Dilleniidae subclass Rosidae subclass Cornidae subclass Lamiidae subclass Asteridae In more detail:
class 1. Magnoliopsida subclass 1. Magnoliidae superorder 1. Magnolianae order 1. Winterales family 1. Winteraceae order 2. Canellales family 1. Canellaceae order 3. Illiciales family 1. Illiciaceae family 2. Schisandraceae order 4. Magnoliales family 1. Degeneriaceae family 2. Himantandraceae family 3. Magnoliaceae order 5. Eupomatiales family 1. Eupomatiaceae order 6. Annonales family 1. Annonaceae order 7. Myristicales family 1. Myristicaceae order 8. Austrobaileyales family 1. Austrobaileyaceae superorder 2. Lauranae order 1. Laurales family 1. Amborellaceae family 2. Trimeniaceae family 3. Monimiaceae family 4. Gomortegaceae family 5. Hernandiaceae family 6. Lauraceae order 2. Calycanthales family 1. Calycanthaceae family 2. Idiospermaceae order 3. Chloranthales family 1. Chloranthaceae class 2. Piperopsida subclass 1. Piperidae superorder 1. Piperanae order 1. Piperales family 1. Saururaceae family 2. Piperaceae superorder 2. Lactoridanae order 1. Lactoridales family 1. Lactoridaceae order 2. Aristolochiales family 1. Aristolochiaceae superorder 3. Rafflesianae order 1. Hydnorales family 1. Hydnoraceae order 2. Rafflesiales family 1. Apodanthaceae family 2. Mitrastemonaceae family 3. Rafflesiaceae family 4. Cytinaceae superorder 4. Balanophoranae order 1. Cynomoriales family 1. Cynomoriaceae order 2. Balanophorales family 1. Mystropetalaceae family 2. Dactylanthaceae family 3. Lophophytaceae family 4. Sarcophytaceae family 5. Scybaliaceae family 6. Heloseaceae family 7. Langsdorffiaceae family 8. Balanophoraceae subclass 2. Nymphaeidae superorder 1. Nymphaeanae order 1. Nymphaeales family 1. Nymphaeaceae family 2. Barclayaceae subclass 3. Nelumbonidae superorder 1. Nelumbonanae order 1. Nelumbonales family 1. Nelumbonaceae order 2. Hydropeltidales family 1. Hydropeltidaceae family 2. Cabombaceae superorder 2. Ceratophyllanae order 1. Ceratophyllales family 1. Ceratophyllaceae class 3. Liliopsida subclass 1. Alismatidae superorder 1. Butomanae order 1. Butomales family 1. Butomaceae superorder 2. Alismatanae order 1. Alismatales family 1. Limnocharitaceae family 2. Alismataceae order 2. Hydrocharitales family 1. Hydrocharitaceae order 3. Aponogetonales family 1. Aponogetonaceae order 4. Najadales family 1. Najadaceae order 5. Juncaginales family 1. Scheuchzeriaceae family 2. Juncaginaceae order 6. Potamogetonales family 1. Potamogetonaceae family 2. Ruppiaceae family 3. Zannichelliaceae family 4. Zosteraceae family 5. Posidoniaceae family 6. Cymodoceaceae subclass 2. Triurididae superorder 1. Triuridanae order 1. Triuridales family 1. Triuridaceae subclass 3. Aridae superorder 1. Acoranae order 1. Acorales family 1. Acoraceae superorder 2. Aranae order 1. Arales family 1. Araceae superorder 3. Cyclanthanae order 1. Cyclanthales family 1. Cyclanthaceae superorder 4. Pandananae order 1. Pandanales family 1. Pandanaceae subclass 4. Liliidae order 1. Lilianae order 1. Tofieldiales family 1. Tofieldiaceae order 2. Dioscoreales family 1. Trichopodaceae family 2. Stenomeridaceae family 3. Avetraceae family 4. Dioscoreaceae family 5. Stemonaceae family 6. Croomiaceae family 7. Pentastemonaceae family 8. Taccaceae order 3. Smilacales family 1. Ripogonaceae family 2. Smilacaceae family 3. Petermanniaceae order 4. Nartheciales family 1. Nartheciaceae order 5. Petrosaviales family 1. Petrosaviaceae order 6. Melanthiales family 1. Chionographidaceae family 2. Heloniadaceae family 3. Xerophyllaceae family 4. Melanthiaceae family 5. Japonoliriaceae family 6. Campynemataceae order 7. Trilliales family 1. Trilliaceae order 8. Alstroemeriales family 1. Alstroemeriaceae order 9. Colchicales family 1. Burchardiaceae family 2. Colchicaceae family 3. Tricyrtidaceae family 4. Uvulariaceae family 5. Scoliopaceae family 6. Calochortaceae order 10. Liliales family 1. Liliaceae family 2. Medeolaceae order 11. Hypoxidales family 1. Hypoxidaceae order 12. Orchidales family 1. Orchidaceae order 13. Tecophilaeales family 1. Lanariaceae family 2. Ixioliriaceae family 3. Walleriaceae family 4. Tecophilaeaceae family 5. Cyanastraceae family 6. Eriospermaceae order 14. Iridales family 1. Iridaceae order 15. Burmanniales family 1. Burmanniaceae family 2. Corsiaceae order 16. Amaryllidales family 1. Hyacinthaceae family 2. Themidaceae family 3. Alliaceae family 4. Hesperocallidaceae family 5. Amaryllidaceae order 17. Asparagales family 2. Convallariaceae family 3. Ophiopogonaceae family 4. Asparagaceae order 18. Asteliales family 1. Dracaenaceae family 2. Ruscaceae family 3. Nolinaceae family 4. Asteliaceae family 6. Geitonoplesiaceae family 7. Luzuriagaceae family 8. Philesiaceae order 19. Hanguanales family 1. Hanguanaceae order 20. Agavales family 1. Dasypogonaceae family 2. Calectasiaceae family 3. Hemerocallidaceae family 4. Blandfordiaceae family 5. Xanthorrhoeaceae family 6. Agavaceae family 7. Anthericaceae family 8. Laxmanniaceae family 9. Herreriaceae family 10. Phormiaceae family 11. Johnsoniaceae family 12. Doryanthaceae family 13. Asphodelaceae family 14. Aloaceae family 15. Aphyllanthaceae family 16. Hostaceae subclass 5. Arecidae superorder 1. Arecanae order 1. Arecales family 1. Arecaceae subclass 6. Commelinidae superorder 1. Bromelianae order 1. Bromeliales family 1. Bromeliaceae order 2. Velloziales family 1. Velloziaceae superorder 2. Pontederianae order 1. Haemodorales family 1. Haemodoraceae order 2. Philydrales family 1. Philydraceae order 3. Pontederiales family 1. Pontederiaceae superorder 3. Commelinanae order 1. Xyridales family 1. Rapateaceae family 2. Xyridaceae family 3. Mayacaceae order 2. Commelinales family 1. Commelinaceae order 3. Eriocaulales family 1. Eriocaulaceae superorder 4. Hydatellanae order 1. Hydatellales family 1. Hydatellaceae superorder 5. Typhanae order 1. Typhales family 1. Typhaceae family 2. Sparganiaceae superorder 6. Juncanae order 1. Juncales family 1. Juncaceae family 2. Thurniaceae order 2. Cyperales family 1. Cyperaceae order 3. Flagellariales order 4. Restionales family 1. Flagellariaceae family 2. Joinvilleaceae family 3. Restionaceae family 4. Anarthriaceae family 5. Ecdeiocoleaceae family 6. Centrolepidaceae order 5. Poales family 1. Poaceae subclass 7. Zingiberidae superorder 1. Zingiberanae order 1. Zingiberales family 1. Strelitziaceae family 2. Heliconiaceae family 3. Musaceae family 4. Lowiaceae family 5. Zingiberaceae family 6. Costaceae family 7. Cannaceae family 8. Marantaceae class 4. Ranunculopsida subclass 1. Ranunculidae superorder 1. Ranunculanae order 1. Lardizabalales family 1. Lardizabalaceae family 2. Sargentodoxaceae family 3. Decaisneaceae order 2. Menispermales family 1. Menispermaceae order 3. Berberidales family 1. Nandinaceae family 2. Berberidaceae family 3. Ranzaniaceae family 4. Podophyllaceae family 5. Leonticaceae order 4. Ranunculales family 1. Hydrastidaceae family 2. Ranunculaceae order 5. Circaeasterales family 1. Kingdoniaceae family 2. Circaeasteraceae order 6. Glaucidiales family 1. Glaucidiaceae order 7. Paeoniales family 1. Paeoniaceae order 8. Papaverales family 1. Pteridophyllaceae family 2. Papaveraceae class 5. Rosopsida subclass 1. Caryophyllidae superorder 1. Caryophyllanae order 1. Caryophyllales family 1. Achatocarpaceae family 2. Portulacaceae family 3. Hectorellaceae family 4. Basellaceae family 5. Didiereaceae family 6. Cactaceae family 7. Stegnospermataceae family 8. Phytolaccaceae family 9. Petiveriaceae family 10. Gisekiaceae family 11. Agdestidaceae family 12. Barbeuiaceae family 13. Nyctaginaceae family 14. Sarcobataceae family 15. Aizoaceae family 16. Sesuviaceae family 17. Tetragoniaceae family 18. Halophytaceae family 19. Molluginaceae family 20. Chenopodiaceae family 21. Amaranthaceae family 22. Caryophyllaceae superorder 2. Polygonanae order 1. Polygonales family 1. Polygonaceae superorder 3. Plumbaginanae order 1. Plumbaginales family 1. Plumbaginaceae subclass 2. Hamamelididae superorder 1. Trochodendranae order 1. Trochodendrales family 1. Trochodendraceae family 2. Tetracentraceae order 2. Eupteleales family 1. Eupteleaceae order 3. Cercidiphyllales family 1. Cercidiphyllaceae superorder 2. Myrothamnanae order 1. Myrothamnales family 1. Myrothamnaceae superorder 3. Hamamelidanae order 1. Hamamelidales family 1. Hamamelidaceae family 2. Altingiaceae family 3. Platanaceae superorder 4. Casuarinanae order 1. Casuarinales family 1. Casuarinaceae superorder 5. Daphniphyllanae order 1. Barbeyales family 1. Barbeyaceae order 2. Daphniphyllales family 1. Daphniphyllaceae order 3. Balanopales family 1. Balanopaceae order 4. Didymelales family 1. Didymelaceae order 5. Buxales family 1. Buxaceae order 6. Simmondsiales family 1. Simmondsiaceae superorder 6. Juglandanae order 1. Fagales family 1. Nothofagaceae family 2. Fagaceae order 2. Corylales family 1. Betulaceae family 2. Corylaceae family 2. Stylocerataceae family 3. Ticodendraceae order 3. Myricales family 1. Myricaceae order 4. Rhoipteleales family 1. Rhoipteleaceae order 5. Juglandales family 1. Juglandaceae subclass 3. Dilleniidae superorder 1. Dillenianae order 1. Dilleniales family 1. Dilleniaceae superorder 2. Theanae order 1. Paracryphiales family 1. Paracryphiaceae order 2. Theales family 1. Stachyuraceae family 2. Theaceae family 3. Asteropeiaceae family 4. Pentaphylacaceae family 5. Tetrameristaceae family 6. Oncothecaceae family 7. Marcgraviaceae family 8. Caryocaraceae family 9. Pellicieraceae family 10. Clusiaceae order 3. Physenales family 1. Physenaceae order 4. Ochnales family 1. Medusagynaceae family 2. Strasburgeriaceae family 3. Scytopetalaceae family 4. Ochnaceae family 5. Quiinaceae order 5. Elatinales family 1. Elatinaceae order 6. Ancistrocladales family 1. Ancistrocladaceae order 7. Dioncophyllales family 1. Dioncophyllaceae superorder 3. Lecythidanae order 1. Lecythidales family 1. Lecythidaceae family 2. Asteranthaceae family 3. Napoleonaeaceae family 4. Foetidiaceae superorder 4. Sarracenianae order 1. Sarraceniales family 1. Sarraceniaceae superorder 5. Nepenthanae order 1. Nepenthales family 1. Nepenthaceae order 2. Droserales family 1. Droseraceae superorder 6. Ericanae order 1. Actinidiales family 1. Actinidiaceae order 2. Ericales family 1. Cyrillaceae family 2. Clethraceae family 3. Ericaceae order 3. Diapensiales family 1. Diapensiaceae order 4. Bruniales family 1. Bruniaceae family 2. Grubbiaceae order 5. Geissolomatales family 1. Geissolomataceae order 6. Fouquieriales family 1. Fouquieriaceae superorder 7. Primulanae order 1. Styracales family 1. Styracaceae family 2. Symplocaceae family 3. Ebenaceae family 4. Lissocarpaceae family 5. Sapotaceae order 2. Primulales family 1. Theophrastaceae family 2. Myrsinaceae family 3. Primulaceae superorder 8. Violanae order 1. Violales family 1. Berberidopsidaceae family 2. Aphloiaceae family 3. Bembiciaceae family 4. Flacourtiaceae family 5. Lacistemataceae family 6. Peridiscaceae family 7. Violaceae family 8. Dipentodontaceae family 9. Scyphostegiaceae order 2. Passiflorales family 1. Passifloraceae family 2. Turneriaceae family 3. Malesherbiaceae family 4. Achariaceae order 3. Caricales family 1. Caricaceae order 4. Salicales family 1. Salicaceae order 5. Elaeocarpales family 1. Elaeocarpaceae order 6. Tamaricales family 1. Tamaricaceae family 2. Frankeniaceae superorder 9. Capparanae order 1. Moringales family 1. Moringaceae order 2. Gyrostemonales family 1. Gyrostemonaceae order 3. Batales family 1. Bataceae order 4. Capparales family 1. Koeberliniaceae family 2. Pentadiplandraceae family 3. Capparaceae family 4. Brassicaceae family 5. Tovariaceae family 6. Resedaceae superorder 10. Malvanae order 1. Cistales family 1. Bixaceae family 2. Cochlospermaceae family 3. Cistaceae family 4. Diegodendraceae order 2. Malvales family 1. Tiliaceae family 2. Dirachmaceae family 3. Monotaceae family 4. Dipterocarpaceae family 5. Sarcolaenaceae family 6. Plagiopteraceae family 7. Huaceae family 8. Sterculiaceae family 9. Sphaerosepalaceae family 10. Bombacaceae family 11. Malvaceae order 3. Thymelaeales family 1. Gonystylaceae family 2. Thymelaeaceae superorder 11. Cucurbitanae order 1. Begoniales family 1. Datiscaceae family 2. Begoniaceae order 2. Cucurbitales family 1. Cucurbitaceae superorder 12. Urticanae order 1. Urticales family 1. Ulmaceae family 2. Celtidaceae family 3. Moraceae family 4. Cecropiaceae family 5. Urticaceae family 6. Cannabaceae superorder 13. Euphorbianae order 1. Euphorbiales family 1. Euphorbiaceae family 2. Pandaceae family 3. Dichapetalaceae subclass 4. Rosidae superorder 1. Saxifraganae order 1. Cunoniales family 1. Cunoniaceae family 2. Davidsoniaceae family 3. Eucryphiaceae family 4. Brunelliaceae order 2. Cephalotales family 1. Cephalotaceae order 3. Greyiales family 1. Greyiaceae order 4. Francoales family 1. Francoaceae order 5. Crossosomatales family 1. Crossosomataceae order 6. Saxifragales family 1. Tetracarpaeaceae family 2. Penthoraceae family 3. Crassulaceae family 4. Grossulariaceae family 5. Pterostemonaceae family 6. Iteaceae family 7. Saxifragaceae superorder 2. Podostemanae order 1. Gunnerales family 1. Gunneraceae order 2. Haloragales family 1. Haloragaceae order 3. Podostemales family 1. Podostemaceae superorder 3. Celastranae order 1. Brexiales family 1. Brexiaceae order 2. Parnassiales family 1. Parnassiaceae family 2. Lepuropetalaceae order 3. Celastrales family 1. Celastraceae family 2. Goupiaceae family 3. Lophopyxidaceae family 4. Stackhousiaceae order 4. Salvadorales family 1. Salvadoraceae order 5. Aquifoliales family 1. Aquifoliaceae family 2. Phellinaceae family 3. Sphenostemonaceae family 4. Icacinaceae family 5. Cardiopteridaceae family 6. Aextoxicaceae order 6. Corynocarpales family 1. Corynocarpaceae superorder 4. Santalanae order 1. Medusandrales family 1. Medusandraceae order 2. Santalales family 1. Olacaceae family 2. Opiliaceae family 3. Santalaceae family 4. Misodendraceae family 5. Loranthaceae family 6. Eremolepidaceae family 7. Viscaceae superorder 5. Rosanae order 1. Rosales family 1. Rosaceae family 2. Neuradaceae family 3. Chrysobalanaceae superorder 6. Geranianae order 1. Geraniales family 1. Oxalidaceae family 2. Geraniaceae order 2. Linales family 1. Hugoniaceae family 2. Linaceae family 3. Ctenolophonaceae family 4. Ixonanthaceae family 5. Humiriaceae family 6. Erythroxylaceae family 7. Zygophyllaceae order 3. Balsaminales family 1. Balsaminaceae order 4. Vochysiales family 1. Malpighiaceae family 2. Trigoniaceae family 3. Vochysiaceae family 4. Tremandraceae family 5. Krameriaceae order 5. Polygalales family 1. Polygalaceae family 2. Xanthophyllaceae family 3. Emblingiaceae superorder 7. Fabanae order 1. Fabales family 1. Mimosaceae family 2. Caesalpiniaceae family 3. Fabaceae superorder 8. Rutanae order 1. Sapindales family 1. Staphyleaceae family 2. Tapisciaceae family 3. Melianthaceae family 4. Sapindaceae family 5. Hippocastanaceae family 6. Aceraceae family 7. Bretschneideraceae family 8. Akaniaceae order 2. Tropaeolales family 1. Tropaeolaceae order 3. Limnanthales family 1. Limnanthaceae order 4. Sabiales family 1. Sabiaceae order 5. Connarales family 1. Connaraceae order 6. Rutales family 1. Rutaceae family 2. Rhabdodendraceae family 3. Cneoraceae family 4. Simaroubaceae family 5. Picramniaceae family 6. Leitneriaceae family 7. Surianaceae family 8. Irvingiaceae family 9. Kirkiaceae family 10. Ptaeroxylaceae family 11. Tepuianthaceae family 12. Meliaceae family 13. Lepidobotryaceae order 7. Coriariales family 1. Coriariaceae order 8. Burserales family 1. Burseraceae family 2. Anacardiaceae family 3. Podoaceae superorder 9. Rhamnanae order 1. Rhamnales family 1. Rhamnaceae order 2. Elaeagnales family 1. Elaeagnaceae superorder 10. Proteanae order 1. Proteales family 1. Proteaceae superorder 11. Vitanae order 1. Vitales family 1. Vitaceae family 2. Leeaceae superorder 12. Rhizophoranae order 1. Rhizophorales family 1. Anisophylleaceae family 2. Rhizophoraceae superorder 13. Myrtanae order 1. Myrtales family 1. Combretaceae family 2. Crypteroniaceae family 3. Melastomataceae family 4. Psiloxylaceae family 5. Heteropyxidaceae family 6. Myrtaceae family 7. Alzateaceae family 8. Rhynchocalycaceae family 9. Penaeaceae family 10. Oliniaceae family 11. Lythraceae family 12. Trapaceae family 13. Onagraceae subclass. 5 Cornidae superorder 1. Cornanae order 1. Hydrangeales family 1. Escalloniaceae family 2. Hydrangeaceae family 3. Abrophyllaceae family 4. Argophyllaceae family 5. Corokiaceae family 6. Alseuosmiaceae family 7. Carpodetaceae family 8. Phyllonomaceae family 9. Pottingeriaceae family 10. Tribelaceae family 11. Melanophyllaceae family 12. Montiniaceae family 13. Kaliphoraceae family 14. Eremosynaceae family 15. Vahliaceae family 16. Columelliaceae order 2. Roridulales family 1. Roridulaceae order 3. Garryales family 1. Aucubaceae family 2. Garryaceae order 4. Desfontainiales family 1. Desfontainiaceae order 5. Aralidiales family 1. Aralidiaceae order 6. Cornales family 1. Mastixiaceae family 2. Davidiaceae family 3. Nyssaceae family 4. Curtisiaceae family 5. Cornaceae family 6. Alangiaceae family 7. Griseliniaceae superorder 2. Eucommianae order 1. Eucommiales family 1. Eucommiaceae superorder 3. Aralianae order 1. Torricelliales family 1. Helwingiaceae family 2. Torricelliaceae order 2. Pittosporales family 1. Pittosporaceae order 3. Byblidales family 1. Byblidaceae order 4. Araliales family 1. Araliaceae family 2. Hydrocotylaceae family 3. Apiaceae superorder 4. Dipsacanae order 1. Dipsacales family 1. Viburnaceae family 2. Sambucaceae family 3. Adoxaceae family 4. Caprifoliaceae family 5. Valerianaceae family 6. Dipsacaceae family 7. Morinaceae subclass 6. Lamiidae superorder 1. Gentiananae order 1. Gentianales family 1. Gelsemiaceae family 2. Loganiaceae family 3. Strychnaceae family 4. Gentianaceae family 5. Saccifoliaceae family 6. Geniostomaceae family 7. Plocospermataceae order 2. Rubiales family 1. Dialypetalanthaceae family 2. Rubiaceae family 3. Carlemanniaceae order 3. Apocynales family 1. Apocynaceae superorder 2. Solananae order 1. Solanales family 1. Solanaceae family 2. Sclerophylacaceae family 3. Goetzeaceae family 4. Duckeodendraceae family 5. Convolvulaceae family 6. Cuscutaceae family 7. Polemoniaceae family 8. Hydrophyllaceae family 9. Boraginaceae family 10. Tetrachondraceae family 11. Hoplestigmataceae family 12. Lennoaceae superorder 3. Loasanae order 1. Loasales family 1. Loasaceae superorder 4. Oleanae order 1. Oleales family 1. Oleaceae superorder 5. Lamianae order 1. Lamiales family 1. Buddlejaceae family 2. Stilbaceae family 3. Bignoniaceae family 4. Paulowniaceae family 5. Schlegeliaceae family 6. Globulariaceae family 7. Scrophulariaceae family 8. Veronicaceae family 9. Orobanchaceae family 10. Oftiaceae family 11. Myoporaceae family 12. Callitrichaceae family 13. Gesneriaceae family 14. Plantaginaceae family 15. Pedaliaceae family 16. Martyniaceae family 17. Trapellaceae family 18. Acanthaceae family 19. Lentibulariaceae family 20. Verbenaceae family 21. Phrymaceae family 22. Cyclocheilaceae family 23. Avicenniaceae family 24. Lamiaceae order 2. Hydrostachyales family 1. Hydrostachyaceae order 3. Hippuridales family 1. Hippuridaceae subclas 7. Asteridae superorder Campanulanae order 1. Menyanthales family 1. Menyanthaceae order 2. Goodeniales family 1. Goodeniaceae order 3. Stylidiales family 1. Donatiaceae family 2. Stylidiaceae order 4. Campanulales family 1. Pentaphragmataceae family 2. Sphenocleaceae family 3. Campanulaceae superorder 2. Asteranae order 1. Calycerales family 1. Calyceraceae order 2. Asterales family 1. Asteraceae ReferencesBibliography{{refbegin}}
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