| 词条 | Richard Parsons, 1st Earl of Rosse |
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Richard Parsons, 1st Earl of Rosse (1702–1741), Freemason and a founder-member of the Hell-Fire Club, 2nd Viscount Rosse of Bellamont co. Dublin, Baron Oxmantown, 3rd baronet. An Irish peer, he was born at Twickenham, Middlesex, the son of Richard Parsons, 1st Viscount Rosse (c1657-1703) and Elizabeth Hamilton, niece of Sarah Jennings Duchess of Marlborough. He was advanced to the earldom of Rosse on 16 June 1718. His family had settled at New Ross co. Wexford at the beginning of the 17th century. The spelling Rosse distinguishes this Irish family from a Scottish title, Ross. He married, 25 June 1714, Mary Paulet, granddaughter of the 1st Duke of Bolton and the marquis de Montpouillon. Their son was the 2nd and last Earl of Rosse (1716–1764) of that creation. They had no grandchildren. After her death on 15 August 1718 he married Frances Claxton who, as Parsons’ widow, married Viscount Jocelyn, Lord Chancellor of Ireland; she died in 1772. Freemason and Grandmaster of the Grand Lodge of IrelandIn 1725, he was elected the Grandmaster of the Grand Lodge of Ireland, a post he held for the next six years.[1] All official records of the Grand Lodge of Ireland prior to 1760, and all minute books prior to 1780, have been lost. While Rosse is the first recorded Grand Master of Ireland, the belief that he was Grand Master in 1723 and again in 1730 is from newspaper accounts of the day. The Hell-Fire ClubA founder member of the Hell-Fire Club, Parsons was a notable Libertine (and nihilist{{Citation needed|date=August 2007}}), rebelling against the norms of the day{{Citation needed|date=August 2007}}. He wrote the book Dionysus Rising after a trip to Egypt where he claimed to have found Dionysian scrolls looted from the Great Library of Alexandria. After writing his book he founded the Sacred Sect of Dionysus. An offshoot of freemasonry called the Revived Order of Dionysus is in existence in New Orleans, USA, and split due to a belief that Freemasonry is descendant from a pre-Christian cult called Dionysiac Architects. They were inspired by Richard Parsons book{{Citation needed|date=August 2007}}, only two copies of which exist to this day. Adieu and obituary"The late Earl of Rosse was, in character and disposition, like the humorous Earl of Rochester; he had an infinite fund of wit, great spirits, and a liberal heart; was fond of all the vices which the beau monde call pleasures, and by those means first impaired his fortune as much as he possibly could do; and finally, his health, beyond repair." Parsons died on 21 June 1741 at his home in Molesworth Street Dublin in the parish of St Anne. On his deathbed he received a letter from the vicar of St Anne, the dean of Kilmore “to remind him of his past life, the particulars of which he mentioned, such as profligacy, gaming, drinking, rioting, turning day into night, blaspheming his Maker, and, in short, all manner of wickedness; and exhorting him in the tenderest manner to employ the few moments that remained to him, in penitently confessing his manifold transgressions, and soliciting his pardon from an offended Deity, before whom he was shortly to appear.” Parsons ordered the letter, addressed only to My Lord, to be put into a fresh cover and carried by the dean's own servant to an unusually pious gentleman, the Earl of Kildare. On reading it the very angry Kildare sent the letter to John Hoadly, Archbishop of Dublin, Primate of Ireland, who immediately summoned the dean for his explanation. By the time it was understood what had been done, Parsons was dead.[2] Today's Parsons of Birr Castle are not his direct descendants. Earl of Rosse, new creationThere was a second creation of the title Parsons, Earl of Rosse in 1806 for the descendants of a junior branch which had settled at Birr, King’s County in the early 17th century instead of New Ross. References1. ^{{cite book | last = Waite | first = Arthur Edward | publisher = Cosimo, Inc. | title = A New Encyclopedia of Freemasonry | volume = vol. I | year = 2007 | ISBN = 1-60206-641-8 | pages = 400 }} 2. ^John Thomas Gilbert Molesworth Street. A history of the city of Dublin Volume III. External links
| years = 1725–1731 }}{{s-aft| after = The Lord Kingston }}{{s-reg|ie}}{{s-new|creation}}{{s-ttl| title = Earl of Rosse | years = 1718–1741 }}{{s-aft| rows = 2 | after = Richard Parsons }}{{s-bef| before = Richard Parsons }}{{s-ttl| title = Viscount Rosse | years = 1703–1741 }}{{s-end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Rosse, Richard Parsons, 1st Earl Of}} 4 : 1702 births|1741 deaths|Earls in the Peerage of Ireland|Irish Freemasons |
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