| 词条 | Richard Sykes (diplomat) |
| 释义 |
| name = Richard Sykes | office = British Ambassador to the Netherlands | monarch = Queen Elizabeth II | death_date = 22 March 1979 | death_place = Den Haag, The Netherlands | birth_date = 8 May 1920 | education = Wellington College | alma_mater = Christ Church, Oxford | spouse = Ann Georgina Sykes | parents = Brig. A. C. Sykes, CBE, DSO | honorific_prefix = Sir | honorific_suffix = KCMG; CMG; MC | rank = Major | branch = Army | serviceyears = 1940-1946 | unit = Royal Signals | allegiance = United Kingdom | battles = Second World War | profession = Diplomat | nationality = British | termstart = 1977 | termend = 1979 }} Sir Richard Adam Sykes {{post-nominals|country=GBR|KCMG|MC}} (8 May 1920 – 22 March 1979) was the British Ambassador to the Netherlands, who was assassinated by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) in The Hague in 1979. Early LifeYouthSir Richard Sykes was born on 8 May 1920 to Brigadier A. C. Sykes. For his schooling he attended Wellington College before going up to Oxford University where he attended Christ Church College.[1] Military ServiceDuring the Second World War, Sykes served in the British Army with the Royal Signals from 1940 to 1946. During his service he attained the rank of Major.[1] In 1945 he was awarded the Military Cross as well as the Croix de Guerre by France.[2] Diplomatic ServiceSykes joined HM Foreign Service in 1947 and served at the Foreign Office from 1947 to 1948. He then served in Nanking (1948–50), Peking (1950–52) and returned to the UK to serve at the Foreign Office (1952-56).[1] His next overseas postings took him to Brussels (1956–59), Santiago (1959–62) and Athens (1963–66) before returning to the Foreign Office (1967–69).[1] The first posting as an Ambassador came with a posting to Havana (1970-72) before moving to be a Minister at the British Embassy in Washington D.C. (1972-1975. From there he returned to the Foreign Office as Department Under-Secretary between 1975 and 1977. Sykes was then appointed as Ambassador to the Netherlands in 1977.[1] Ambassador to the NetherlandsAssassinationSykes was leaving his residence in The Hague at 9 am and was getting into his silver Rolls Royce limousine when he was shot The car door being held by Karel Straub, a 19 year old Dutch national who worked at the Embassy. Staub was also shot in the attack.[3] His chauffeur, Jack Wilson, was uninjured and drove Sykes to Westeinde Hospital where he died two hours later. Straub was transported by ambulance to the same hospital where he also died.[3] Police reported that the shots came from around 10 yards by two assailants wearing business suits who escaped on foot following the attack.[3] Suspects for the assassination were Palestinians or Iraqis, although no evidence was ever put forward. It was ultimately confirmed that the PIRA had carried out the killings.[4] The IRA claimed responsibility for the assassination in February 1980. In a statement they said of Sykes -[5] {{Quote|text=[he was] not just a Brit propagandist, as are all British ambassadors, but because he had been engaged in intelligence operations against our organisation.|sign=|source=}}The 'intelligence operations' mentioned in the statement related to a government report written by Sykes following the assassination of Christopher Ewart-Biggs. Ewart-Biggs was the British Ambassador to the Republic of Ireland and was killed by the IRA in 1976. Sykes produced diplomatic security guidelines as part of his report.[5] Sykes' position as ambassador to the Netherlands had been strained due to certain Dutch groups which were sympathetic to the IRA, and consequent arms smuggling activities.[6][7][8][9] FamilyMarried to Ann, Lady Sykes (née Fisher). The couple had three children: Philip; Andrew; and Rachel. Lady Sykes died in 2018.[10] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-160110|title=Sykes, Sir Richard, (8 May 1920–22 March 1979), HM Diplomatic Service; Ambassador to the Netherlands, since 1977 {{!}} WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO|website=www.ukwhoswho.com|language=en|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-160110|access-date=2019-03-24}} {{s-start}}{{s-dip}}{{succession box |2. ^{{Cite news|url=|title=The Military Cross|last=|first=|date=9 October 1945|work=The London Gazette (Supplement - 37302)|access-date=|page=4999}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=|title=British Envoy To Netherlands Shot to Death|last=Downie Jr.|first=Leonard|date=23 March 1979|work=The Washington Post|access-date=}} 4. ^BBC coverage of Sykes/Straub assassinations, accessed 30 August 2014. 5. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46944614|title=Lost lives : the stories of the men, women and children who died as a result of the Northern Ireland troubles|date=2001|publisher=Mainstream|others=McKittrick, David, 1949-|isbn=184018504X|edition=[Rev. ed.]|location=Edinburgh|oclc=46944614}} 6. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1979/mar/23/fromthearchive The Guardian coverage of Sykes/Straub assassinations], theguardian.com, accessed 30 August 2014. 7. ^Straub profile, cain.ulst.ac.uk; accessed 6 August 2014. 8. ^Assassination details, cain.ulst.ac.uk; accessed 6 August 2014. 9. ^Report on assassinations, time.com; accessed 6 August 2014. 10. ^[SYKES Ann Georgina (Née Fisher)] before=Ernest John Ward Barnes | title=UK Ambassador to the Netherland | years=1977-1979 | after=Sir John Taylor | }}{{s-end}}{{PIRA}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sykes, Richard}}{{UK-diplomat-stub}}{{UK-crime-bio-stub}} 20 : 1920 births|1979 deaths|Deaths by firearm in the Netherlands|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Netherlands|Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|Recipients of the Military Cross|Assassinated British diplomats|People killed by the Provisional Irish Republican Army|British terrorism victims|Terrorism deaths in the Netherlands|British people murdered abroad|People murdered in the Netherlands|Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Cuba|British military personnel of World War II|Assassinations in the Netherlands|1979 crimes in the Netherlands|20th century in The Hague|20th-century British diplomats|1970s murders in the Netherlands|1979 murders in Europe |
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