Robert Abbott or Abbot may refer to:

• Robert Abbot (bishop) (1560–1617), Bishop of Salisbury
• Robert Abbot (theologian) (1588?–1662?), Puritan theologian
• Robert Abbott, Baronet Hadfield (1858–1940), English metallurgist
• Robert Abbott (bishop) (1869–1927), Bishop of Sherborne
• Robert Palmer Abbott (1830–1901), Irish-born politician in New South Wales
• Robert Sengstacke Abbott (1870–1940), African-American lawyer and publisher
  • Robert S. Abbott House, former home of Robert Sengstacke Abbot
• R. Tucker Abbott (1919–1995), American conchologist and malacologist
• Robert Abbott (game designer) (born 1933), American game designer
• Robert Abbott, a founder of Abbott and Holder

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