| 词条 | Robert H. Pruyn | |||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Robert H. Pruyn |image = robertpruyn.jpg |caption = Robert H. Pruyn, circa 1865 |office1 = United States Minister Resident to Japan |term_start1 = May 17, 1862 |term_end1 = April 28, 1865 |preceded1 = Townsend Harris |succeeded1 = Robert B. Van Valkenburgh |office2 = Speaker of the New York State Assembly |term2 = January 30, 1850-March 14, 1850 |preceded2 = Noble S. Elderkin |succeeded2 = Ferral C. Dininny |term3 = January 3, 1854-December 31, 1854 |preceded3 = William H. Ludlow |succeeded3 = DeWitt C. Littlejohn |office4 = Member of the New York State Assembly from Albany County's 3rd District |term4 = January 3, 1854-December 31, 1854 |preceded4 = William W. Forsyth |succeeded4 = Alexander Davidson |term5 = January 4, 1848-December 31, 1852 |preceded5 = Valentine Treadwell |succeeded5 = William W. Forsyth |office6 = Adjutant General of New York |term_start6 = March 5, 1855 |term_end6 = January 1, 1857 |preceded6 = John Watts de Peyster |succeeded6 = Frederick Townsend |birth_date = {{birth date|1815|02|14}} |birth_place = Albany, New York, US |death_date = {{death date and age|1882|02|26|1815|02|14}} |death_place = Albany, New York, US |restingplace = Albany Rural Cemetery, Menands, New York |education = Rutgers University (B.S., M.A.) |spouse = {{marriage|Jane Ann Lansing |1841|1882|reason=his death}} |children = 4 (including Robert) |relations = Gerrit Y. Lansing (father in law) |occupation = Politician, lawyer, diplomat }} Robert Hewson Pruyn (February 14, 1815 – February 26, 1882) was an American lawyer, militia general, diplomat, and politician from Albany, New York. He was most notable for his service as Speaker of the New York State Assembly, Adjutant General of New York, and United States Minister Resident to Japan. Early lifePruyn was born in Albany, New York on February 14, 1815, the son of Casparus F. and Ann (née Hewson) Pruyn. The Pruyn (pronounced "Prine") family of Albany, New York was one of the oldest and most esteemed Dutch families in New York, and at the time of Robert's birth there, had resided in Albany for over two centuries.[1] Pruyn graduated from The Albany Academy, and received Bachelor of Arts (1833) and Master of Arts (1836) degrees from Rutgers University. He studied law with Abraham Van Vechten, was admitted to the bar, and practiced in Albany.[2] Political, military, and diplomatic servicePruyn served as Albany's corporation counsel and was a member of the city council. Active in the state militia, he was named Judge Advocate General in 1841, serving until 1846, and again in 1851.[3][3] A political ally and close friend to William Henry Seward, he was a Whig member of the New York State Assembly (Albany Co., 3rd D.) in 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851, 1852 and 1854.[4] On January 30, 1850, after Speaker Noble S. Elderkin left the Assembly to stay at home with his wife who was terminally ill, Pruyn was elected Speaker pro tempore.[2] He was again Speaker in 1854.[5] Governor Myron Clark appointed him Adjutant General of the New York National Guard, replacing John Watts de Peyster in 1855.[6][7][8] He achieved the rank of Brigadier General of the militia,[9] and was succeeded as adjutant general by Frederick Townsend.[10] At the personal request of Seward, who was then Secretary of State, President Abraham Lincoln appointed him Minister to Japan in 1861, and he served in that capacity until 1865, when he returned to New York.[11][12][13] Japan–United States relations had only recently been established with the visits by Commodore Perry in 1852 to 1854.[11] Pruyn's crowning achievement was the successful negotiation following the Shimonoseki bombardment.[14] He was considered highly successful in his dealings with the shōgun.[11][15][16] He also signed an agreement to allow shipwrecked Japanese sailors to be repatriated.[11] Later careerHe was awarded an LL.D. from Williams College in 1865 and served on the board of trustees.[2] He went on to become President of the National Commercial Bank and Trust of Albany, and was one of the founders of Albany Law School.[17] In 1866, he was the unsuccessful Conservative Union candidate for Lieutenant Governor of New York along with gubernatorial candidate, John T. Hoffman, who was then the mayor of New York City.[18] In the Summer of 1869, he was illegally arrested with other Albany and Susquehanna Railroad executive members during Jay Gould and Jim Fisk's attempt to buy the railroad.[19] Personal lifeIn 1841, Pruyn married Jane Ann Lansing (1811–1886), a member of another prominent Albany family. Her father, Gerrit Yates Lansing, was a U.S. Representative who served as the Chancellor of the University of the State of New York. Together, Robert and Jane were the parents of four children, including:[20]
He died suddenly in 1882 in Albany.[22] His remains are interred at Albany Rural Cemetery, Section 30, Lot 14.[23] Electoral history
Notes1. ^"A Guide to the Pruyn Family Papers, 1679-1978 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081030053418/http://www.albanyinstitute.org/collections/FindingAids/PRUYN%20FAMILY%20PAPERS%20JQ%2084-08.pdf |date=2008-10-30 }}". Albany Institute of History & Art. Retrieved March 14, 2007. 2. ^1 2 "Hudson-Mohawk Genealogical and Family Memoirs: Pruyn". Schenectady County Public Library. Retrieved March 14, 2008. 3. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=FTTmls3FTcMC&pg=PA535&dq=robert+pruyn+%22judge+advocate+general%22&ei=0rPcR4iKD4PQiQGb0P3VAQ Seward, p. 535] 4. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=iVcQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA193&dq=robert+pruyn&ei=OavaR-LYLIGktAPt1qDwAQ Treat, p. 193] 5. ^Findling, p. 427 6. ^1 Allaben, p. 205 7. ^Allaben, p. 304 8. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=9W43AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA212&dq=%22robert+h.+pruyn%22+%22judge+advocate+general%22&ei=-bPcR_O4NqGMiQHwn-zNAQ The New York Almanac and Yearly Record]. Mason Brothers: New York, 1857. 9. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=GyUOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA400&dq=robert+pruyn+general+militia&ei=rq7aR6DPIYKwsgPo2KnmAQ#PPA400,M1 Hutchins, p. 400] 10. ^{{cite book |last=Hugo |first=Francis M., Secretary of State of New York |date=1919 |title=Manual for Use of the Legislature of the State of New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLxXAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA465 |location=Albany, NY |publisher=J. B. Lyon Company |page=465}} 11. ^1 2 3 Jean S. Olton, "Robert Hewson Pruyn: Enjoy to Japan 1862-1865," Town of Colonie, New York (November 1990). 12. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=iVcQAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA193&dq=robert+pruyn&ei=OavaR-LYLIGktAPt1qDwAQ#PPA194,M1 Treat, p. 194] 13. ^"[https://archive.today/20120716053009/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C02EEDF173AE63BBC4C52DFB467838E679FDE ARRIVAL OF HON. ROBERT H. PRUYN]". New York Times. December 14, 1865. 14. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=IWdZTaJdc6UC&pg=PA406&dq=%22Robert+H.+Pruyn+Papers%22&lr=&ei=Q7LaR7jqOI6AsgORxLHsAQ&sig=_z0mRQjQyTPjHyeiOYcSdnVjodo Shavit, p. 406] 15. ^Stern, p. 159 16. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=ElIDAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT424&dq=robert+pruyn+adjutant+general&lr=&ei=ErLaR7rpIIWwtgObg7DnAQ Johnson & Howard, p. 424] 17. ^"The History of Albany Law School {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105203237/http://www.albanylaw.edu/sub.php?navigation_id=292# |date=2008-01-05 }}". Albany Law School. Retrieved March 14, 2008. 18. ^[https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1866/09/11/83458695.pdf The Conservative Union state convention opens] in NYT on September 11, 1866 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O4g7AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA158&lpg=PA158&dq=state+judge+from+poughkeepsie,+jay+gould&source=bl&ots=91vpFrCQhf&sig=1WFYw6kStGrP_2PC3PkHH8ruim0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi6yJTxmN7eAhVnxYMKHZ3DDAkQ6AEwBXoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=state%20judge%20from%20poughkeepsie%2C%20jay%20gould&f=false|title=Documents of the State of New York Volume 6 - Charges Against Justice George G. Barnard, and Testimony Thereunder, Before the Judiciary Committee of the Assembly|date= 1872|publisher=Weed, Parsons and Company, Printers|p=3,6,7|accessdate=November 18, 2018}} 20. ^{{cite web|last1=Sullivan|first1=Robert G.|last2=Reynolds|first2=Cuyler|title=Hudson-Mohawk Genealogical and Family Memoirs. Vol. I|url=http://www.schenectadyhistory.org/families/hmgfm/lansing-2.html|website=www.schenectadyhistory.org|publisher=Hudson-Mohawk Genealogical and Family Memoirs|accessdate=14 August 2017|pages=74–76|language=en}} 21. ^"The embossing company". toyhistory.com. Retrieved March 14, 2008. 22. ^"[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9806E2DD123BE033A25754C2A9649C94639FD7CF THE HON. ROBERT H. PRUYN DEAD]". New York Times. February 27, 1882. 23. ^{{cite book |last=Phelps |first=Henry P. |date=1893 |title=The Albany Rural Cemetery: its Beauty, Its Memories |url=https://archive.org/stream/albanyruralcemet00phel#page/123/mode/2up |location=Albany, NY |publisher=Phelps & Kellogg |pages=124–125}} References
Further reading
External links
Albany County, 3rd District | before = Valentine Treadwell | years = 1848–1853 | after = Alexander Davidson }}{{succession box | title = New York State Assembly Albany County, 3rd District | before = William W. Forsyth | years = 1854–1854 | after = Alexander Davidson }}{{s-off}}{{succession box | before = Noble S. Elderkin | title = Speaker of the New York State Assembly | years = 1850 | after = Ferral C. Dininny}}{{succession box | before = William H. Ludlow | title = Speaker of the New York State Assembly | years = 1854 | after = DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn}}{{s-dip}}{{succession box|title=U.S. Minister to Japan|before=Townsend Harris|after=Robert B. Van Valkenburgh|years=1861–1865}}{{s-end}}{{SpeakerNYAssembly}}{{US Ambassadors to Japan}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Pruyn, Robert Hewson}} 18 : 1815 births|1882 deaths|American militia generals|Rutgers University alumni|Politicians from Albany, New York|19th-century American diplomats|New York (state) Whigs|19th-century American politicians|New York (state) Republicans|Members of the New York State Assembly|New York (state) lawyers|Speakers of the New York State Assembly|Japan–United States relations|American expatriates in Japan|Burials at Albany Rural Cemetery|Lawyers from Albany, New York|Military personnel from Albany, New York|The Albany Academy alumni |
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