| 词条 | Roger Cholmeley |
| 释义 |
Sir Roger Cholmeley (c. 1485 – 21 June 1565) was Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench from 1552 to 1553. From 1535 to 1545 he was Recorder of London and served in the House of Commons. He is possibly best remembered for his endowment to found a free grammar school, Highgate School, at London. Background and early lifeCholmeley (sometimes spelled "Cholmley" or "Cholmondeley; all pronounced "ˈtʃʌmli", "CHUM-lee") was the illegitimate son of Sir Richard Cholmeley of Yorkshire (c. 1460 – 1521), who served as Lieutenant of the Tower of London from 1513 to 1520. Cholmeley's family can be traced back to the 12th-century Robert de Chelmundelegh, second son of William le Belward, who inherited parts of the Barony of Malpas (for which Malpas, Cheshire, is named), including Cholmondeley, Cheshire, previously held by Robert Fitzhugh. Over the centuries, the family name was spelt in many variants as Middle English developed away from French influences. Different branches of the family still spell the name differently, and Cholmeley's most famous cousins, of Cholmondeley, Cheshire, spell it "Cholmondeley".[1][2] The pronunciation and spelling are neither counterintuitive nor phonetic, but as used down the ages. Roger Cholmeley was educated to the law at Lincoln's Inn from 1506. Despite thrice being expelled from the Inn,[3] he entered the legal profession.[4][5] CareerMost of Cholmeley's career as a lawyer was spent in the City of London, but he lived at Highgate in Middlesex. In 1520 he was called as a bencher of Lincoln's Inn, in 1531 became a serjeant-at-law, and in November 1534 was knighted. From 1535-45 he was Recorder of London, during which time he was one of the city's Members of Parliament in four Parliaments. In November 1545 Cholmeley became Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and in May 1552 was appointed Chief Justice of the King's Bench. He was Lord Chief Justice for only a year as Queen Mary I would not reappoint him. The same year, he was imprisoned for a month and fined for signing Lady Jane Grey's instrument of succession as Queen. He returned to work as a barrister and was a Member of Parliament for Middlesex from 1554 to 1559.[4] Princess (later Queen) Elizabeth 1 stayed the night of 15 Feb 1555 with Cholmeleys in Highgate. Highgate SchoolCholmeley founded Highgate School, which was established by Royal Charter in 1565. Former pupils of the school are known as Old Cholmeleians in his memory. The school has gone on to become a leading independent school (sometimes referred to as a public school). Old Cholmeleians include John Venn, the creator of Venn diagrams, poets Gerard Manley Hopkins and John Betjeman, and musicians John Tavener and John Rutter.[4] DeathCholmeley died in London on 21 June 1565.[4] He willed property to nephew Jasper. FamilyHe married Christine Hurst, who died in 1558. They had two daughters:
References1. ^Cholmondeley family history 2. ^Genealogy of this branch of Cholmeley family 3. ^{{cite web|title=Dr Dabby's 'Loyal to the Crown' lecture|url=http://www.highgateschool.org.uk/news/34-summer-2015/1475-dr-dabby-s-loyal-to-the-crown-lecture|accessdate=29 June 2015}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite ODNB|id=5342|title=Cholmley, Sir Roger (c. 1485–1565), judge|first=Baker|last=J. H.}} 5. ^Will and probate for Sir Richard Cholmeley, National Archives Records: Consistory Court of Canterbury, Wills and Probates 1383-1558 vol. 1 & 2 (J. G. Challenor Smith) December 1521 and March 1522, available online at www.nationalarchives.gov.uk 6. ^{{cite DNB|wstitle=Cholmley, Roger |first=George Fisher Russell|last= Barker|volume=10}} Further reading
|-{{succession box | before=Sir Richard Lyster | title=Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer | years=1545–1552 | after=Henry Bradshaw}}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cholmeley, Roger}} 20 : 1480s births|1565 deaths|People from Highgate|Founders of English schools and colleges|Lord Chief Justices of England and Wales|Chief Barons of the Exchequer|16th-century English judges|People of the Tudor period|Recorders of London|English knights|Disease-related deaths in England|Cholmondeley family|Serjeants-at-law (England)|English MPs 1529–1536|English MPs 1536|English MPs 1539–1540|English MPs 1542–1544|English MPs 1554–1555|English MPs 1555|English MPs 1558 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。