“ELF II”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

ELF II

释义

Hardware
Software
Notable Innovations
The Name
See also
References
External links

{{Infobox information appliance
| name = ELF II
| logo =
| image = ElF II Computer.jpg
| caption =
| aka =
| developer =
| manufacturer = Netronics
| family =
| type = Hobbyist computer
| generation =
| lifespan =
| discontinued =
| media =
| os = Monitor ROM
| power = external power supply
| soc =
| cpu = 8 bit RCA 1802
| memory = 256 Bytes to 64KB via 4KB or 16KB memory expansion cards
| storage = Cassette Tape
| memory cards = 4KB or 16KB static RAM memory cards
| display = none
| graphics = built in and rudimentary
| sound =
| input =
| controllers =
| camera = none
| touchpad = HEX keypad
| connectivity =
| platform =
| dimensions =
| weight =
| compatibility=
| predecessor =
| successor =
| related =
| website =
| title =
| releasedate = {{Start date and age|1978}}
| price =
| unitssold =
| unitsshipped =
| service =
| topgame =
}}

The Netronics ELF II was an early microcomputer trainer kit featuring the RCA 1802 microprocessor, 256 bytes of RAM, DMA-based bitmap graphics, hexadecimal keypad, two digit hexadecimal LED display, a single "Q" LED, and 5 expansion slots. The system was developed and sold by Netronics Research and Development Limited in New Milford, CT, USA.^[1]

Hardware

Available hardware accessories included:

The "Giant Board" (ROM monitor, serial and parallel I/O, Cassette interface)
4KB and 16KB (static) RAM boards
ASCII Keyboard
Video display card (monochrome text)
Low resolution color graphics board
"Full BASIC" board with BASIC preloaded in ROM chips
EPROM burner board
External Power Supply
Attractive, heavy duty metal cases for the CPU, keyboard, and power supply

Software

Available software included:

Tiny BASIC (integer BASIC)
Text Editor
Full BASIC (floating point BASIC using Reverse Polish Notation)

Notable Innovations

Unlike similar "bare circuit card" trainer/experimenter computers of the day, the ELF II could be easily expanded thanks to its built-in bus.
The video card is mounted underneath the keyboard inside the metal case. This allows it to be used as a standalone computer terminal if needed.
The Elf II used a simple and low-cost math coprocessor. The "Full BASIC" ROM card contained an RPN calculator chip. As a result, floating point operations were an order of magnitude faster than what was possible in software. However, the BASIC syntax for math was non-standard as it used postfix RPN (see code example below). Historically, this was also the heyday of Hewlett Packard calculators, so it was a fair bet that any technically minded person willing to assemble a computer either already knew RPN or could easily learn it and adapt.

10 REM This program will print the number 30

20 A=10,B=20

30 C=A#B+

40 PRINT C

50 END

In the code above, the "#" symbol is equivalent to the "Enter" key on a RPN calculator.

The Name

The ELF part of the name came from an earlier machine called the "COSMAC ELF", published as a construction project in Popular Electronics magazine. Improvements on its predecessor included an etched PCB, a hexadecimal keypad instead of toggle switches for program entry, the CDP1861 Pixie-graphics chip, and the 5 slot 86-line bus for expansion cards.

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.vcfed.org/forum/attachment.php?attachmentid=8240&d=1331861424|title=Image of Mailing Box with Address Label|last=|first=|date=|website=VCFED.org|publisher=|access-date=27 June 2016}}

External links

{{cite web

| url = http://www.cosmacelf.com/links.htm
| title = COSMAC ELF
}}

1 : Early microcomputers

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