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词条 Rudolf Jaenisch
释义

  1. Research

  2. Career

  3. Awards and honors

  4. References

{{Infobox scientist
| name = Rudolf Jaenisch
| image = Jaenisch 2003 by Sam Ogden.jpg
| caption = Rudolf Jaenisch, 2003
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1942|4|22}}
| birth_place = Wölfelsgrund, Germany
| residence = Germany, USA
| citizenship = German
| fields = Biochemistry
Genetics
Medicine
| workplaces = {{Plainlist|
  • Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry
  • Princeton University
  • Fox Chase Cancer Center
  • Salk Institute
  • Heinrich Pette Institute
  • University of Hamburg
  • Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology}}

| alma_mater = University of Munich (M.D., 1967)
| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors = Arnold Levine
| doctoral_students =
| known_for = {{Plainlist|
  • Epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation
  • Therapeutic cloning
  • Embryonic stem cell research}}

| awards = {{Plainlist|Boehringer Mannheim Molecular Bioanalytics Prize (1996){{citation needed|date=April 2015}}
  • Gruber Prize in Genetics (2001)
  • Robert Koch Prize (2002)
  • Max Delbrück Medal (2006)
  • Massry Prize from the Keck School of Medicine (2008)
  • Wolf Prize in Medicine (2011)
  • National Medal of Science (2011)}}

| religion =
| signature =
| footnotes =
| website = {{URL|http://wi.mit.edu/people/faculty/jaenisch}}
}}Rudolf Jaenisch (born 22 April 1942) is a Professor of Biology at MIT and a founding member of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research. He is a pioneer of transgenic science, in which an animal’s genetic makeup is altered. Jaenisch has focused on creating genetically modified mice to study cancer and neurological diseases.[1][2][3]

Research

Jaenisch’s first breakthrough occurred in 1974 when he and Beatrice Mintz showed that foreign DNA could be integrated into the DNA of early mouse embryos.[4] They injected retrovirus DNA into early mouse embryos and showed that leukemia DNA sequences had integrated into the mouse genome and also to its offspring. These mice were the first transgenic mammals in history.[5]

His current research focuses on the epigenetic regulation of gene expression,[6] which has led to major advances in creating embryonic stem cells and “induced pluripotent stem" (IPS) cells, as well as their therapeutic applications. In 2007, Jaenisch’s laboratory was one of the first three laboratories world-wide to report reprogramming cells taken from a mouse's tail into IPS cells. Jaenisch has since shown therapeutic benefits of IPS cell-based treatment for sickle-cell anemia and Parkinson's disease in mice. Additional research focuses on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in cancer and brain development.[2]

Jaenisch’s therapeutic cloning research deals exclusively with mice, but he is an advocate for using the same techniques with human cells in order to advance embryonic stem cell research.[7] However, in 2001 Jaenisch made a public case against human reproductive cloning, testifying to a U.S. House of Representatives subcommittee[8] and an editorial in Science magazine.[9]

Career

Jaenisch received his doctorate in medicine from the University of Munich in 1967, preferring the laboratory to the clinic. He became a postdoc at the Max Planck Institute in Munich, studying bacteriophages.[10] He left Germany in 1970 for research positions at Princeton University, Fox Chase Institute for Cancer Research and the Salk Institute. He returned to Germany in 1977 to become the head of the Department of Tumor Virology at the Heinrich Pette Institute at the University of Hamburg. He arrived at MIT in 1984.[11] He participated in the 2005 science conference on human cloning at the United Nations and serves on the science advisory boards of the Genetics Policy Institute[12] and Stemgent.[13]

Awards and honors

  • 2001, inaugural Genetics Prize of the Gruber Foundation[14]
  • 2002 Robert Koch Prize
  • 2003 Election as a member of U.S. National Academy of Sciences [15]
  • 2006 Max Delbrück Medal[16]
  • 2007 Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science[17]
  • 2009 Ernst Schering Prize[18]
  • 2010 National Medal of Science[19]
  • 2011 Wolf Prize in Medicine[20]
  • 2013 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science from the Franklin Institute[21]
  • 2013 Passano Award
  • 2014 Otto Warburg Medal [22]
  • 2015 March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology[23]
{{clear}}

References

{{Scholia|author}}
1. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90611-F| title = Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality| journal = Cell| volume = 69| issue = 6| pages = 915–926| year = 1992| last1 = Li | first1 = E. | last2 = Bestor | first2 = T. H. | last3 = Jaenisch | first3 = R. | pmid=1606615}}
2. ^1 {{Cite web|url = http://wi.mit.edu/people/faculty/jaenisch|title = Rudolf Jaenisch|accessdate = 17 September 2014|website = Whitehead Institute}}[https://books.google.com/books?id=kHgeAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Jaenisch,+rudolf%22+1942&dq=%22Jaenisch,+rudolf%22+1942&hl=en&sa=X&ei=M9qWUayiB-OziQK12YGYDg&ved=0CC0Q6AEwADgK]
3. ^{{Scopus|id= 35418963400}}
4. ^{{cite journal |author=Jaenisch R, Mintz B |title=Simian virus 50 DNA sequences in DNA of healthy adult mice derived from preimplantation blastocysts injected with viral DNA |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=71 |issue=4 |pages=1250–1254 |year=1974 |pmid=4364530 |doi=10.1073/pnas.71.4.1250 |pmc=388203}}
5. ^{{Cite journal| last1 = Brownlee | first1 = C.| title = Inaugural Article: Biography of Rudolf Jaenisch| doi = 10.1073/pnas.0406416101| journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences| volume = 101| issue = 39| pages = 13982–13984| year = 2004| pmid = 15383657| pmc = 521108}}
6. ^{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1038/ng1089| pmid = 12610534| year = 2003| last1 = Jaenisch | first1 = R. | authorlink1 = Rudolf Jaenisch| last2 = Bird | first2 = A.| authorlink2 = Adrian Bird| title = Epigenetic regulation of gene expression: how the genome integrates intrinsic and environmental signals| volume = 33 Suppl| issue = 3s| pages = 245–254| journal = Nature Genetics}}
7. ^{{cite book|last1=Levine|first1=Aaron|title=Cloning : a beginner's guide|date=2007|publisher=Oneworld|location=Oxford|isbn=9781851685226|pages=110–111, 162|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=igKC4_OnPC8C&pg=PA110|accessdate=4 August 2015}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url = http://newsoffice.mit.edu/2001/cloning-0404|title = Jaenisch makes public case against human cloning|last = Kumar|first = Seema|date = 4 April 2001|work = MIT News Office|accessdate = 17 September 2014}}
9. ^{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.1060463 | pmid = 11286275 | title = DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY: Don't Clone Humans! | journal = Science | volume = 291 | issue = 5513 | pages = 2552 | year = 2001 | last1 = Jaenisch | first1 = R. | last2 = Wilmut | first2 = I }}
10. ^{{cite journal|title=Rudolf Jaenisch Featured Science Watch Newsletter Interview|journal=ScienceWatch|date=2009|volume=March|url=http://archive.sciencewatch.com/inter/aut/2009/09-mar/09marJaen/|accessdate=4 August 2015}}
11. ^{{Cite news|url = http://newsoffice.mit.edu/2011/medal-of-science-jaenisch|title = Whitehead member, biology professor Rudolf Jaenisch wins National Medal of Science|last = Fearer|first = Matt|date = 27 September 2011|work = MIT News Office|accessdate = 17 September 2014}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.genpol.org/about_advisory_science.html|title = Advisory Board|accessdate = 14 September 2014|website = Genetics Policy Institute|publisher = Genetics Policy Institute}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.stemgent.com/profiles/rudolf_jaenisch|title = Rudolf Jaenisch, M.D.|accessdate = 14 September 2014|website = Stemgent}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=2001 Gruber Genetics Prize Press Release Rudolf Jaenisch, Gene Transfer Pioneer, Receives First-Ever International Genetics Prize|url=http://gruber.yale.edu/genetics/press/2001-gruber-genetics-prize-press-release|accessdate=4 August 2015|website=Gruber Foundation|date=2001}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nasonline.org/site/Dir?sid=1011&view=basic&pg=srch |title=NAS Membership Directory |publisher=U.S. National Academy of Sciences |accessdate={{Format date|2013|4|30}}}}
16. ^{{cite news|last1=Bachtler|first1=Barbara|title=Professor Rudolf Jaenisch Receives Max Delbrück Medal|url=https://www.mdc-berlin.de/888199/en/news/archive/2006/20061201-professor_rudolf_jaenisch_receives_max_del|accessdate=4 August 2015|work=MDC News|date=December 1, 2006}}
17. ^{{Cite web|title = The Vilcek Foundation -|url = http://www.vilcek.org/news/press-release/dr-rudolf.html|website = www.vilcek.org|accessdate = 2015-11-11}}
18. ^{{cite web|title=Ernst Schering Prize|url=http://www.scheringstiftung.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=38&Itemid=28&lang=en|website=Ernst Schering Foundation|accessdate=4 August 2015}}
19. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.nsf.gov/od/nms/recip_details.jsp?recip_id=5300000000474|title = The President's National Medal of Science|accessdate = 17 September 2014|publisher = National Science Foundation}}
20. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.wolffund.org.il/index.php?dir=site&page=winners&cs=277&language=eng|title = Rudolf Jaenisch Winner of Wolf Prize in Medicine - 2011|accessdate = 17 September 2014|website = Wolf Foundation}}
21. ^{{cite journal|title=2013 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science presented to Rudolf Jaenisch|journal=Journal of the Franklin Institute|pages=2587–2590|issue=7|volume=352|date=2015|doi=10.1016/j.jfranklin.2015.03.004|last1=Ferrone|first1=Frank A.}}
22. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.otto-warburg-medaille.org/index.php/previous-award-winners.html|title= Otto-Warburg-Medal|publisher= GBM|accessdate = 12 January 2014}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Whitehead's Rudolf Jaenisch honored with March of Dimes Prize|url=http://wi.mit.edu/news/archive/2015/whitehead-s-rudolf-jaenisch-honored-march-dimes-prize|website=Whitehead Institute|accessdate=4 July 2017|date=27 April 2015}}
{{Wolf Prize in Medicine}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaenisch, Rudolf}}

13 : 1942 births|Living people|Fellows of the AACR Academy|German biologists|German geneticists|History of genetics|Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany|Massry Prize recipients|Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences|People from Bystrzyca Kłodzka|Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)|Whitehead Institute faculty|Wolf Prize in Medicine laureates
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