| 词条 | Rufous fishing owl |
| 释义 |
| image = ScotopeliaUssheriKeulemans.jpg | status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Scotopelia ussheri | authority = Sharpe, 1871[2] | synonyms = }} The rufous fishing owl (Scotopelia ussheri), rufous-backed fishing-owl or Ussher's fishing owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae.[2] DescriptionThe rufous fishing owl is a large owl with dark eyes, which lacks ear tufts and has an indistinct, pale cinnamon facial disc and underparts. The mantle and back are rufous with a white row of spots on the scapulars. The flight feathers are barred.[3] It measures {{convert|46|to|51|cm|in|abbr=on}} in length, and has bare legs and feet.[4] VoiceA low, deep, moaning hoot,[3] pairs may duet.[1] Distribution and habitatThe rufous fishing owl is endemic to west Africa. It is found in Ivory Coast, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests but there are records from plantations and may also be able to survive in secondary forest with small rivers if there is suitable gallery forest, where tree branches overhang the streams to provide fishing posts. It is threatened by habitat loss.[1] HabitsThe habits of the rufous fishing owl are poorly known. It is thought to mainly eat fish and the catfish were recorded in the stomach contents of a specimen from Sierra Leone. It may also feed freshwater crabs among other food items.[1] Eggs have been laid in Sierra Leone in September and October and juveniles moulting out of juvenile into adult plumage, roughly six months after fledging, have been recorded in Liberia in July. It is thought that a single chick is the normal brood size.[3] The bird is probably mainly nocturnal but an individual was camera trapped in 2009 in Sierra Leone at midday.[1] Status and conservationIt was formerly classified as "Endangered" by the IUCN. New research shows that it is not as rare as was once believed. Consequently, it was downlisted to "Vulnerable" on the 2011 Red List of Threatened Species.[1] TaxonomyEnglish naturalist Richard Bowdler Sharpe described the rufous fishing owl in 1871. It is one of three species in the genus Scotopelia.[2] The person it is named after is a Governor Ussher who collected the original specimens Sharpe used in his description.[5] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22689038/0 | title = Scotopelia ussheri | accessdate = 28 October 2016 | publisher = International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources|work = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=F07B8BD12A85D96B | title = Rufous Fishing-Owl Scotopelia ussheri Sharpe, 1871 | accessdate = 28 October 2016 | publisher = Denis Lepage|work = Avibase}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite book | last1 = König | first1 = Claus | last2 = Weick | first2 = Friedhelm | last3 = Becking | first3 = Jan-Hendrick | year = 1999 | title = Owls A Guide to the Owls of the World | pages =315–316 | publisher = Pica Press | ISBN = 1-873403-74-7}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Burton|first=John A.|title=Owls of the world: their evolution, structure and ecology|publisher=Peter Lowe|year=1992|pages=59|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ntFFAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Rufous+Fishing+Owl%22&dq=%22Rufous+Fishing+Owl%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wXYgT-rILImSiQfPxYDnBA&ved=0CFAQ6AEwBQ}} 5. ^{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/stream/cbarchive_135536_newafricanbirds1859/newafricanbirds1859_djvu.txt | title = Full text of new African Birds | accessdate = 28 October 2016 | publisher = biodiversitylibrary.org|work = Biodiversity Heritage Library}} External links
4 : Scotopelia|Birds of West Africa|Birds described in 1871|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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