| 词条 | Ruoqiang County |
| 释义 |
| name = {{raise|0.2em|Ruoqiang County}} | native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|若羌县}} • {{lang|ug|چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى}}}}}} | settlement_type = County | image_map = Location of Ruoqiang within Xinjiang (China).png | map_caption = Ruoqiang County (red) within Bayingolin Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang | pushpin_map = Xinjiang | pushpin_label = Ruoqiang | pushpin_map_caption = Location of the seat in Xinjiang | coor_pinpoint = County government | coordinates = {{coord|39.023|N|88.167|E|format=dms|type:adm3rd_region:CN-65_source:Gaode|display=it}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = People's Republic of China | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Xinjiang | subdivision_type2 = Autonomous prefecture | subdivision_name2 = Bayingolin | seat_type = County seat | seat = Ruoqiang Town | area_total_km2 = 198318 | elevation_m = 896 | population_total = 31877 | population_as_of = 2002 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_urban_km2 = auto | timezone = China Standard | utc_offset = +8 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 841800 | area_code_type = | area_code = 0966 | website = }}{{Infobox Chinese |s=若羌县 |t=婼羌縣 |p=Ruòqiāng Xiàn |s2=卡克里克县 |t2=喀格勒克縣 |p2=Kǎkèlǐkè Xiàn |uig=چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى |uly=Chaqiliq Nahiyisi |uyy=Qak̡ilik̡ Nah̡iyisi |sgs=Kargilik Nahiyisi |usy=Чақилиқ Наһийиси |lu=Charklik |order=st }}Ruoqiang County ({{zh|s=若羌县}}) as the official romanized name, also transliterated from Uyghur as Qakilik County ({{ug|چاقىلىق ناھىيىسى}}; {{zh|links=no |s=卡克里克县}}), is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China under the administration of the Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It covers an area of {{convert|198318|km2}} (about twice the size of Zhejiang province and similar to Kyrgyzstan or Senegal),[1] making it the largest county-level division in the country.[1]{{asof|2005}}, the county had a population of 31,877, of which 18,957 (59.5%) were of Han ethnicity, while Uyghurs numbered 11,761 (36.9%).[1] The county seat is in Ruoqiang Town. This is the location which less-detailed maps will label as "Ruoqiang". It lies at an altitude of {{convert|848|m}}. HistoryThe ancient settlement of Charklik was located in what is today Ruoqiang County. The Charkhlik Revolt took place here in 1935 when Uyghurs revolted against the Hui-dominated Tunganistan, which was controlled by the 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army). The Uyghurs were defeated.[3][4] The county was established in 1902 but it was written as "{{lang|zh|婼羌}}" (Ruòqiāng) until 1959, when the present written form of "若羌" was adopted.[5] The Uyghur name of the county, "Çakilik", is transliterated in Chinese as "{{lang|zh|卡克里克}}" (Qiǎkèlǐkè). GeographyRuoqiang County ranges in latitude from 36° 00' to 41° 23' N and in longitude from 86° 45 to 93° 45' E. It borders Qiemo County to the west, Yuli County, Piqan County, and Kumul to the north, the provinces of Gansu and Qinghai to the east, and the Tibet Autonomous Region to the south. The populated areas are located mostly along the northern foothills of the Altyn-Tagh mountain range. North of this strip of irrigated agricultural settlement is the Taklamakan Desert, south, the Altyn-Tagh and Kunlun Mountains. The well known Lop Lake, these days usually dry, is located in the northeastern part of the county - the section officially known as Luobu Po Town ({{lang|zh-hans|罗布泊镇}}), i.e., Lop Lake Town. The southern part of the county (administratively, Qimantag Township ({{lang|zh-hans|祁曼塔格乡}}), is mountainous. The high plateau between the Altyn-Tagh and the main Kunlun range (which includes the Ulugh Muztagh) is known as the Kumkol Basin: an endorheic basin, where several saline lakes are found. The three main lakes in the Kumkol Basin are Lake Aqqikkol (also known as Achak-kum; {{lang|zh-hans|阿其克库勒湖}}; {{Coord|37|05|N|88|25|E|region:CN-65_type:landmark}}, {{convert|4250|m|abbr=on}} elevation), Lake Ayakum ({{lang|zh-hans|阿牙克库木湖}}); {{Coord|37|30|N|89|30|E|region:CN-65_type:landmark}}; elevation {{convert|3876|m|abbr=on}}),[8] and Lake Jingyu ({{Coord|36|21|N|89|24|E|region:CN-65_type:landmark}}, {{convert|260|km2|abbr=on}}, {{convert|4708|m|abbr=on}} elevation). These lakes are among the few noticeable bodies of water in this extremely arid area; the area around them is officially protected as the Altun Shan Nature Reserve.[6] ClimateRuoqiang has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWk) with extreme seasonal variation in temperature. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|-7.4|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|27.5|°C|1}}, and the annual mean is {{convert|11.7|°C|1}}. Precipitation totals only {{convert|29|mm}} annually, and mostly falls in summer. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 63% in March to 82% in October, the area receives close to 3,100 hours of bright sunshine annually. {{Ruoqiang weatherbox}}Transportation
Plans also exist for the construction of the Hotan-Ruoqiang Railway.[7] References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.loulan.gov.cn/htm/ruoqianggaikuang/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-02-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216074519/http://www.loulan.gov.cn/htm/ruoqianggaikuang/ |archivedate=2012-12-16 |df= }} 2. ^若羌县 (Ruoqiang County), an overview document from the prefecture government web site. Accessed 2010-05-02. The document gives the county's population as ca. 30,000, without stating the date of census or estimate. 3. ^{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IAs9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA134&lpg=PA134&dq=Charkhlik+ma+hu-shan&source=bl&ots=KzhMcZekpP&sig=Z3dZBibQKK69oQWnKjieSl2g80k&hl=en&ei=rTIYTI7mMYOClAfG4ZDpCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CBgQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Charkhlik%20racked%20by%20a%20uighur%20rising%20tungan&f=false |title=Warlords and Muslims in Chinese Central Asia: a political history of Republican Sinkiang 1911-1949 |author=Andrew D. W. Forbes |year=1986 |publisher=CUP Archive |location=Cambridge, England |isbn=0-521-25514-7 |page=134 |accessdate=2010-06-28}} 4. ^{{cite book |title=A Journey from Peking to Kashmir |author=Peter Fleming |authorlink = Peter Fleming (writer) |year=1999 |publisher=Northwestern University Press |location=Evanston, Illinois, United States |isbn=0-8101-6071-4 |pages=267, 281}} 5. ^1 2 若羌县历史沿革. Xzqh.org. Accessed 2011-05-27 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100120054609/http://www.xzqh.org/QUHUA/65xj/2824rq.htm |date=January 20, 2010 }} 6. ^1 {{citation|contribution=Chapter 11, Nature Conservation|last=Li |first=Bosheng|editor-last=Zheng |editor-first=Du|editor2-last=Zhang |editor2-first= Qingsong|editor3-last=Wu |editor3-first= Shaohong|publisher=Springer |year=2000|isbn=0-7923-6688-3|title=Mountain geoecology and sustainable development of the Tibetan Plateau|series=Volume 57 of GeoJournal library|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=DuwwoxDxCYAC&pg=PA230|pages=230–231}} 7. ^和田至若羌铁路将开工建设 (Construction of the Hotan-Ruopqiang Railway will begin), 2017-05-10 External links
4 : County-level divisions of Xinjiang|Populated places in Xinjiang|Populated places along the Silk Road|Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture |
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