| 词条 | Salmon poisoning disease |
| 释义 |
Salmon poisoning disease (SPD) is a fatal disease of dogs and other canids caused by a rickettsial bacterium, Neorickettsia helminthoeca.[1] It results from eating raw salmon, trout, or salamander and is common in the Pacific Northwest. These fish and amphibians are infected with the larvae of a fluke, Nanophyetus salmincola through an intermediate host, the snail Oxytrema plicifer{{Citation needed|date=February 2018}}. The larvae attaches to the intestine of the dog and the rickettsial bacteria are released, causing severe gastrointestinal disease and systemic infection. Neorickettsia elokominica, carried by the same fluke, causes a similar disease known as Elokomin fluke fever (EFF) in canids, bears, raccoons, and ferrets.[2]SymptomsSymptoms of SPD begin about one week after eating the salmon and include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, depression, high fever, and enlarged lymph nodes. Untreated, mortality reaches 90 percent.[3] Death occurs seven to ten days after symptoms begin.[1] EFF has less severe symptoms than SPD, with less gastrointestinal signs and more lymph node involvement. The mortality in untreated cases is about 10 percent.[2] A similar disease has been identified in Brazil.[4] DiagnosisDiagnosis is through finding the fluke eggs microscopically in a stool sample. A needle aspiration biopsy of an enlarged lymph node will reveal rickettsial organisms within macrophages in many cases.[5] The rickettsial infection can be successfully treated with tetracycline, and the fluke infection can be treated with fenbendazole. References{{refbegin}}1. ^1 {{cite book|author1=Ettinger, Stephen J. |author2=Feldman, Edward C. |title=Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine|edition=4th|publisher=W.B. Saunders Company|year=1995|isbn=978-0-7216-6795-9}} {{refend}}2. ^1 {{cite web | title = Salmon Poisoning Disease and Elokomin Fluke Fever | work = The Merck Veterinary Manual | date = 2016 | url = http://www.merckvetmanual.com/generalized-conditions/rickettsial-diseases/salmon-poisoning-disease-and-elokomin-fluke-fever | accessdate = 2018-02-22 }} 3. ^{{cite web | last = Lobetti | first = Remo | title = Infectious Diseases of the GI Tract | work = Proceedings of the 31st World Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association | date = 2006 | url = http://www.ivis.org/proceedings/wsava/2006/lecture16/Lobetti2.pdf?LA=1 | format = PDF | accessdate = 2007-03-26 }} 4. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Headley S, Vidotto O, Scorpio D, Dumler J, Mankowski J |title=Suspected cases of Neorickettsia-like organisms in Brazilian dogs |journal=Ann N Y Acad Sci |volume=1026 |issue=1|pages=79–83 |year=2004 |pmid=15604473 |doi=10.1196/annals.1307.010|bibcode=2004NYASA1026...79H }} 5. ^{{cite journal |author=Johns J, Strasser J, Zinkl J, Christopher M |title=Lymph node aspirate from a California wine-country dog |journal=Vet Clin Pathol |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=243–6 |year=2006 |pmid=16783722 |doi=10.1111/j.1939-165X.2006.tb00123.x |last2=Strasser |last3=Zinkl}} 1 : Dog diseases |
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