| 词条 | Sam Sparks |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = | name = Sam Sparks | honorific-suffix = | image = Sam Sparks District Judge.png | alt = | caption = | office = Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas | term_start = December 31, 2017 | term_end = | office1 = Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas | term_start1 = November 25, 1991 | term_end1 = December 31, 2017 | nominator1 = | appointer1 = George H. W. Bush | predecessor1 = Seat established by 104 Stat. 5089 | successor1 = vacant | pronunciation = | birth_name = Sam Sparks | birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1939}} | birth_place = Austin, Texas | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | citizenship = | nationality = | party = | otherparty = | height = | spouse = | partner = | relations = | children = | parents = | mother = | father = | relatives = | residence = | education = University of Texas (B.A.) University of Texas School of Law (LL.B.) | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = | known_for = | salary = | net_worth = | cabinet = | committees = | portfolio = | religion = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} Sam Sparks (born 1939) is a Senior United States District Judge of the Austin Division of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. Early lifeAfter graduating from Austin High School as senior class president, Sparks received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Texas in 1961 where he was a member of the Texas Cowboys and the Delta Tau Delta Fraternity.[1][2] He earned a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Texas School of Law two years later. He clerked for United States District Court Judge Homer Thornberry before turning to private practice.[3] FamilyHis great-grandfather and his grandfather were also named Sam Sparks; the former was sheriff of Bell County, Texas, and the latter succeeded him in 1897. This Sam Sparks became president of the Texas Sheriff's Association in 1903 and the Texas state treasurer in 1906.[4] He was married to Arden Reed Sparks, until she died in 1990. He married his second wife, Melinda Echols, formerly of Fort Worth, in 1995. Federal judicial serviceSparks was nominated by President George H. W. Bush on October 1, 1991, to the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas, to a new seat created by 104 Stat. 5089. He was confirmed by the Senate on November 21, 1991, and received his commission on November 25, 1991.[3] He took senior status on December 31, 2017. Notable casesSparks once began an order with a poem,[5] and began another order with the following: "When the undersigned accepted the appointment from the President of the United States of the position now held, he was ready to face the daily practice of law in federal courts with presumably competent lawyers. No one warned the undersigned that in many instances his responsibility would be the same as a person who supervised kindergarten."[6] Among his more notable cases were the sentencing of former Texas Attorney General Dan Morales (for mail fraud and filing false tax returns){{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} and the trial of Gary Paul Karr for federal wire fraud (in connection with the kidnapping and murders of atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair and her son and granddaughter).{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} Sparks also heard the Karl Rove & Co. v Thornburgh case in 1993. This case found its way into court following a dispute over payment of fundraising expenses by the failed Republican Senate campaign of Dick Thornburgh. Sparks ruled that Rove's company could recoup roughly $180,000 in bills from the Thornburgh campaign.{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} In 1994 Sparks ruled in favor of Steve Jackson Games against the United States Secret Service. The latter had raided Jackson's offices and seized computers, searching for a sensitive file that one of Jackson's employees may have posted.{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} The Electronic Frontier Foundation helped with the lawsuit,{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} and Sparks ruled that the Secret Service had acted in a too heavy-handed manner. In 1998 Sparks issued stays of execution for Joseph Stanley Faulder and Danny Lee Barber, holding that the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles failed to provide due process in considering their requests for clemency.[7] He received the Trial Judge of the Year from the Texas Chapter of the Board of Trial Advocates in 2005.{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} In 2010, he became the second honoree in the history of the American College of Trial Lawyers' Sandra Day O'Connor Award.{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} The award "is to be given from time to time to a judge, either federal or state, who has demonstrated exemplary judicial independence in the performance of his or her duties, sometimes in difficult or even dangerous circumstances."[8] In 2006 he handled a case involving the Texas Republican Party's effort to get former Congressman Tom DeLay's name removed from the ballot in the 2006 Congressional Election. DeLay won the Republican primary election in March, but resigned from Congress in early April during a corruption scandal. However, since Texas law states that the name of a candidate who "withdraws" from a race after the primary must remain on the ballot, Texas Democrats filed a lawsuit to prevent Republicans from nominating another candidate. Republicans argued that DeLay did not "withdraw" from the race but instead made himself ineligible to be elected by changing his voter registration from Texas to Virginia, therefore allowing Republicans to name a replacement. On July 6, Judge Sparks ruled that DeLay's name must remain on the ballot.[9] In 2007, Justice Sparks ruled in a landmark settlement that greatly improved conditions for immigrant children and their families who were being held in the T. Don Hutto Residential Center operated by the Corrections Corporation of America (CCA) under contract with the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).[10][11] Dozens of children were released from the facility in Taylor, Texas with their families as a result of the litigation.[12] In response to the harsh treatment of young children in T. Don Hutto, Judge Sparks established "the government would have to establish clear rules for how to detain families safely and humanely. And although officials at Hutto might be making changes now, he noted, didn’t Lawrence have a feeling it was merely because the defendants knew, on account of the lawsuit, that 'the hammer was coming down?" He said that he was beginning to wonder who was in charge "out there, either C.C.A. or the government. It’s very troubling to me."[13] In 2009, Sparks heard Fisher v. University of Texas, a case challenging the admissions policy of the University of Texas at Austin. He upheld UT's policy under Grutter v. Bollinger.[14] In 2012 the court commemorated his 20 years served on the federal bench and marked the occasion with a portrait painted by artist Michele Rushworth. References1. ^{{cite web|title=Texas Cowboys Alumni Association|url=http://www.texascowboysalumni.org/listallmemberpopup.cfm?id=1269968&q=S&r=T&startrec=181}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=The Cactus|year=1961|publisher=University of Texas|location=Austin, TX|pages=418–419|url=http://i.imgur.com/uc6C65x.jpg}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.fjc.gov/history/judges/sparks-sam|title=Sparks, Sam - Federal Judicial Center|website=www.fjc.gov}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.goodlifemag.com/archives/11-05/11-05_sparks.htm|title=October 2008|first=Rebecca|last=Melancon|website=www.goodlifemag.com}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=U.S. District Judge Sam Sparks began his Barton Springs ruling with the following poem|url=http://www.austinchronicle.com/issues/vol17/issue41/pols.naked.poem.html|publisher=The Austin Chronicle|accessdate=March 8, 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=KLEIN-BECKER v. Stanley, Dist. Court, WD Texas 2004|url=https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?q=Klein-Becker,+LLC+v.+Stanley+A-03-CA-871-SS&hl=en&as_sdt=2,5&as_vis=1&case=1940243551778254161&scilh=0|accessdate=March 8, 2012}} 7. ^"U.S. Judge Praised as Man of Principle," Fort Worth Star Telegram, Dec. 20, 1998 at 1B 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.actl.com/Content/NavigationMenu/AboutUs/AwardsandCompetitions/Jurist_Award/default.htm |title=Sandra Day O'Connor Jurist Award |publisher=American College of Trial Lawyers |accessdate=March 8, 2012}} 9. ^{{cite news|last=Ratcliffe|first=R.G.|title=Judge's ruling keeps DeLay on ballot|url=http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Judge-s-ruling-keeps-DeLay-on-ballot-1514958.php|newspaper=Houston Chronicle|date=July 6, 2006}} 10. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.correctionscorp.com/facilitylist.cfm# | title = Facility Locations List | publisher = Corrections Corporation of America | accessdate = 2007-12-06 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071111122516/http://www.correctionscorp.com/facilitylist.cfm# |archivedate = 2007-11-11}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ice.gov/news/library/factsheets/facilities-hutto.htm|title=Don Hutto Family Residential Facility|publisher=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622114102/http://www.ice.gov/news/library/factsheets/facilities-hutto.htm|archivedate=2011-06-22|df=}} 12. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.aclu.org/immigrants/detention/31469prs20070827.html | title = Landmark Settlement Announced in Federal Lawsuit Challenging Conditions at Immigrant Detention Center in Texas | publisher = American Civil Liberties Union | date = August 27, 2007 | accessdate = December 6, 2007}} 13. ^{{citation |url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/03/03/the-lost-children |title=The Lost Children: What do tougher detention policies mean for illegal immigrant families? |author=Margaret Talbot |publisher=The New Yorker |date=March 3, 2008 |accessdate=February 13, 2017}} 14. ^{{cite news|last=Liptak|first=Adam|title=College Diversity Nears Its Last Stand|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/16/sunday-review/college-diversity-nears-its-last-stand.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 15, 2011}} External links
7 : 1939 births|Living people|People from Austin, Texas|Austin High School (Austin, Texas) alumni|Judges of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas|United States district court judges appointed by George H. W. Bush|20th-century American judges |
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