| 词条 | Emperor Suinin |
| 释义 |
| name = Suinin | succession = Emperor of Japan | image = Emperor Suinin.jpg | caption = | reign = 29 BC – 70 (traditional)[1] | coronation = | cor-type = Japan | predecessor = Sujin | successor = Keikō | spouse = {{plainlist|
}} | issue = See below | house = Imperial House of Japan | father = Emperor Sujin | mother = Mimaki-hime | religion = Shinto | birth_date = 69 BC | birth_place = | death_date = 70 (aged 138) | death_place = | burial_place = {{Nihongo||菅原伏見東陵|Sugawara no Fushimi no higashi no misasagi}} (Nara) }}{{Nihongo|Emperor Suinin|垂仁天皇|Suinin-tennō}}, also known as {{Nihongo||活目入彦五十狭茅天皇|Ikumeiribikoisachi no Sumeramikoto}} was the 11th Emperor of Japan,[2] according to the traditional order of succession.[3] No firm dates can be assigned to this Emperor's life or reign, but he is conventionally considered to have reigned from 29 BC to AD 70.[4] Legendary narrativeSuinin is regarded by historians as a "legendary Emperor" and there's a paucity of information about him. There is insufficient material available for further verification and study.[5] The reign of Emperor Kinmei ({{circa|509}} – 571 AD), the 29th Emperor,[6] is the first for which contemporary historiography is able to assign verifiable dates;[7] however, the conventionally accepted names and dates of the early Emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kanmu (737–806), the 50th sovereign of the Yamato dynasty.[8] The name Suinin-tennō was assigned to him posthumously by later generations.[9] Legend says that about two thousand years ago, Emperor Suinin ordered his daughter, Princess Yamatohime-no-mikoto, to set out and find a suitable permanent location from which to hold ceremonies for Amaterasu-ōmikami, the Sun Goddess.[4] After twenty years of searching, she is said to have settled on the area of Ise, establishing the Ise Shrine.[10] According to Asama Shrine tradition, the earliest veneration of Konohanasakuya-hime at the base of Mount Fuji was in the 8th month of the 3rd year of the reign of Emperor Suinin.[11] The Nihon Shoki records the wrestling match in which Nomi no Sukune and Taima no Kehaya held during his era, as the origin of Sumai (Sumo wrestling). In the context of events like this, the Japanese have traditionally accepted this sovereign's historical existence; however, no extant contemporary records have been discovered which confirm a view that this historical figure actually reigned.[12] The Kojiki records that Suinin was the third son of Emperor Sujin, and that he ruled from the palace of {{Nihongo||師木玉垣宮|Tamaki-no-miya|extra=and in the Nihon Shoki as {{Nihongo|纒向珠城宮}}}} at Makimuku in what will come to be known as Yamato Province. The Kojiki also explains that during the reign of Emperor Suinin, the first High Priestess (Saiō, also known as saigū) was appointed for Ise Shrine in what would become known as Ise Province.[10] Suinin is a posthumous name. It is suggested that the name must have been regularized centuries after the lifetime ascribed to Suinin, possibly during the time in which legends about the origins of the Yamato dynasty were compiled as the chronicles known today as the Kojiki.[12] The legend of Kaguya-hime seems to found its basis in Suinin's story with Kaguya-him-no-Mikoto, one of his consorts, according to the Kojiki. The actual site of Suinin's grave is not known.[2] The Emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) at Nara. The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Suinin's mausoleum. It is formally named Sugawara no Fushimi no higashi no misasagi.[13] Suinin's tomb can be visited in Nishi-machi, Amagatsuji, Nara City.[14][15] This kofun-type Imperial tomb is characterized by a keyhole-shaped island located within a wide, water-filled moat.[16][17] Consorts and childrenEmpress (first): {{Nihongo|Saho-hime|狭穂姫命|extra=d.34}}, Prince Hikoimasu's daughter (Emperor Kaika's son)
Empress (second): {{Nihongo|Hibasu-hime|日葉酢媛命|extra=d.61}}, Prince Tanba-no-Michinoushi's daughter (also Prince Hikoimasu's son and Emperor Kaika's grandson)
Consort: {{Nihongo|Nubataniiri-hime|渟葉田瓊入媛}}, Prince Tanba-no-Michinoushi's daughter (also Prince Hikoimasu's son and Emperor Kaika's grandson)
Consort: {{Nihongo|Matono-hime|真砥野媛}}, Prince Tanba-no-Michinoushi's daughter (also Prince Hikoimasu's son and Emperor Kaika's grandson) Consort: {{Nihongo|Azaminiiri-hime|薊瓊入媛}}, Prince Tanba-no-Michinoushi's daughter (also Prince Hikoimasu's son and Emperor Kaika's grandson)
Consort: {{Nihongo|Kaguya-hime|迦具夜比売}}, Prince Ootsutsukitarine's daughter (also Prince Hikoyumusu's grandson and Emperor Kaika's great grandson)
Consort: {{Nihongo|Kanihatatobe|綺戸辺}}, Yamashiro no Ookuni no Fuchi's daughter
Consort: {{Nihongo|Karihatatobe|苅幡戸辺}}, Yamashiro no Ookuni no Fuchi's daughter
Mother unknown
See also
Notes1. ^"Genealogy of the Emperors of Japan" at Kunaicho.go.jp; retrieved 2013-8-28. 2. ^1 Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 垂仁天皇 (11); retrieved 2013-8-22. 3. ^Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). {{Google books|18oNAAAAIAAJ|Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 9–10.|page=9}}; Brown, Delmer M. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 253–254; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 95–96. 4. ^1 Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 32. 5. ^Kelly, Charles F."Kofun Culture", Japanese Archaeology. April 27, 2009. 6. ^Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon%20o%20dai%20itsi%20ran&pg=PA34#v=onepage&q&f=false pp. 34–36]; Brown, [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&pg=PA261&dq= pp. 261–262; Varley, pp. 123–124]. 7. ^Hoye, Timothy. (1999). Japanese Politics: Fixed and Floating Worlds, p. 78; excerpt, "According to legend, the first Japanese Emperor was Jinmu. Along with the next 13 Emperors, Jinmu is not considered an actual, historical figure. Historically verifiable Emperors of Japan date from the early sixth century with Kinmei. 8. ^Aston, William. (1896). Nihongi, pp. 109. 9. ^Brinkley, Frank. (1915). {{Google books|itxxAAAAMAAJ|A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the end of the Meiji Era, p. 21|page=21}}; excerpt, "Posthumous names for the earthly Mikados were invented in the reign of Emperor Kanmu (782–805), i.e., after the date of the compilation of the Records and the Chronicles. 10. ^1 Brown, p. 253. 11. ^Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962. Studies in Shinto and Shrines, p. 458. 12. ^1 Aston, William. (1998). Nihongi, Vol. 1, pp. 167–187. 13. ^Ponsonby-Fane, Studies in Shinto, p. 418. 14. ^Suinin's misasagi -- image 15. ^Suinin's misasagi -- map (mis-labelled as "Enperor Nonin s Tomb") 16. ^Suinin-type kofun -- see illustration #3, bottom of web page {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119120320/http://www.ozlab.osakac.ac.jp/KOFUN_E/ |date=2008-01-19 }} 17. ^Suinin's misasagi -- aerial photo (also known as Hōraisan kofun) References
External links
(traditional dates)}}{{s-aft|after=Emperor Keikō}}{{S-end}}{{Emperors of Japan}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Suinin}} 6 : Legendary Emperors of Japan|1st-century BC legendary rulers|People of Yayoi-period Japan|1st-century monarchs in Asia|1st-century BC Japanese monarchs|1st-century Japanese monarchs |
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